An interventional study of Conventional Needle Irrigation and Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation in Pain, Postoperative, sponsored by Cumhuriyet University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-21.
Sponsored by Cumhuriyet University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention
This clinical study evaluated the effects of different root canal disinfection procedures on postoperative pain. Patients requiring root canal treatment received one of several disinfection methods. Postoperative pain was assessed at 6,24, 48, 72 hours and on the 7th day using a standard pain scale. The aim of the study was to identify which method resulted in the least discomfort. Participation involved a single treatment session and short-term follow-up for pain measurement.
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This study's enrollment of 80 is close to the median of 75 across 4,344 interventional studies indexed under Pain, Postoperative.
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Exclusion criteria
Conventional needle irrigation(CNI) Group: A total of 6 mL of 2.5% NaOCl was delivered in three cycles using a 31-gauge irrigation needle positioned 2 mm short of the working length. Each cycle lasted 20 seconds, followed by a 20-second waiting period. Subsequently, 2 mL of 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA) (Imicryl Dental, Konya, Türkiye) was applied for 1 minute, followed by another 1-minute waiting period, and finally 2 mL of distilled water was used as the final rinse.
Procedure: Conventional Needle Irrigation
Passive ultrasonic irrigation(PUI) Group: Passive ultrasonic activation was performed with an ultrasonic device (Ultra X, Eighteeth, Changzhou, China) using a 20/.02 tip during the waiting periods used in the CNI group. The ultrasonic tip was positioned 2 mm short of the working length and activated vertically with 2-3 mm strokes without contacting the canal walls.
Procedure: Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation
Sonic irrigation(SI) Group: Sonic activation was performed using a polymer tip (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties) loosely fitted into the canal and placed 2 mm short of the working length during the waiting periods used in the CNI group. The tip was activated by vertical in-and-out motion to induce sonic agitation.
Procedure: Sonic Irrigation
Potassium titanyl phosphate(KTP) Laser Group: In this group, after shaping was completed, the final irrigation procedure was carried out as in the CNI group. Following irrigation, the root canals were dried with sterile paper points at the working length. Then, KTP laser irradiation (SMARLITE D, DEKA laser system, Calenzano FI, Italy) was applied in a pulsed mode at 1.5 W power (Ton: 20 ms, Toff: 50 ms). A 200 µm fiber tip attached to the handpiece was inserted 1 mm short of the working length and moved coronally in a spiral motion for 5 seconds. After each 5-second irradiation, a 20-second interval was allowed, and the process was repeated five times. Laser safety protocols were strictly followed, and protective goggles were used by the operator, assistant, and patient.
Procedure: KTP Laser Disinfection
Root canals will be irrigated using a conventional syringe and needle technique with standard irrigant solutions. This method relies solely on manual delivery without activation devices.
Root canals will be irrigated using passive ultrasonic activation, which uses ultrasonic energy to improve irrigant effectiveness and reduce microbial load beyond manual techniques.
Root canals will be irrigated using a sonic activation device (e.g., EndoActivator) to enhance irrigant penetration and bacterial elimination compared to conventional irrigation.
Root canals will be disinfected using a KTP laser following standard irrigation protocols. Laser application aims to provide enhanced antimicrobial effects not achievable with conventional or activated irrigation methods.
Postoperative Pain Intensity
Postoperative pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 to 100, where 0 indicates no pain and 100 indicates the worst pain imaginable; higher scores indicate greater pain severity
Time frame: 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after root canal treatment
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