An interventional study of Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation in ICU Patients, sponsored by Cumhuriyet University. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-15.
Sponsored by Cumhuriyet University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Health services research
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of digital visual and auditory stimulation on anxiety and sleep quality in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).
The questions to be answered within the scope of the research are:
Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a significant effect on anxiety levels? Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a significant effect on sleep quality? Does the application of digital visual and auditory stimulation to patients in intensive care units have a combined effect on anxiety levels and sleep quality?
Participants will:
The patients will be divided into two groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group will receive visual and auditory stimuli once a day, every morning for three days. Sleep quality and anxiety levels will be measured after the digital visual and auditory stimuli.
The control group will continue with routine intensive care unit follow-up treatments.
Patients in the intervention group will be administered a questionnaire, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale as pre-tests. Following this, for three consecutive days, the research nurse will show the patient nature images (landscapes, lakes, mountains, etc.) via tablet for approximately 20-30 minutes once a day in the mornings when the patient is available. While watching the images, Johann Sebastian Bach's instrumental classical music pieces (60-80 bpm) will be played through headphones. The pieces to be used as digital visual and auditory stimuli will be selected by the art therapy specialist in the study. During the intervention, patients' vital signs and clinical condition will be closely monitored, and the intervention will be terminated if any discomfort, hemodynamic instability, or intolerance to the procedure develops. The digital visual and auditory stimulus application will continue under the same conditions for three days, and at the end of the third day, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale will be administered again as post-tests. Control Group Patients in the control group will also be administered the Demographic Information Form, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSQ), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning of the data collection process, at the same time as the intervention group. Patients in the control group will not undergo any intervention during the study period, and their routine intensive care treatment and care will continue. At the end of the third day, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale will be administered again as a final test, simultaneously with the intervention group.
Cumhuriyet University is the lead sponsor of 133 studies on the registry; 26 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Patients in the intervention group will receive visual and auditory stimuli once a day, every morning for three days. Visually, they will be shown landscape images on a tablet. Simultaneously, they will listen to classical music (60-80 bpm) through headphones. As a pre-test, patients in the intervention group will complete a questionnaire, the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. These scales will also be administered as a post-test on the third day.
Other: Digital Visual and Auditory Stimulation
Patients in the control group will also be administered the Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSQ) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the beginning of the data collection process, at the same time as the intervention group. Patients in the control group will not receive any intervention during the study; their routine intensive care treatment and care will continue. The scales will be administered simultaneously with the intervention group at the end of the third day.
Visually, they will be shown landscape images on a tablet. Simultaneously, they will listen to classical music (60-80 bpm) through headphones.
Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ)
The Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale (RCSS) is a scale developed by Richards in 1987 to assess the quality of nocturnal sleep in patients. Adapted into Turkish by Özlü and Özer, and subsequently validated and its reliability studied, the scale consists of six items that evaluate the depth of nocturnal sleep, time to fall asleep, frequency of awakenings, duration of wakefulness, quality of sleep, and ambient noise level. Each item is evaluated on a visual analog scale ranging from 0 to 100. A score of "0-25" indicates very poor sleep, while a score of "76-100" indicates very good sleep. As the scale score increases, the patients' sleep quality also improves. The Cronbach's α value of the scale was determined to be 0.82.
Time frame: The sleep questionnaire will be administered upon admission to the intensive care unit on the first day of the study and at the end of the third day of the intervention.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Developed by Zigmond and Snaith (1983) to determine a patient's risk of anxiety and depression, and to measure their level and severity, the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish were established by Aydemir et al. (1997). The scale contains 14 questions in total, with odd numbers measuring anxiety and even numbers measuring depression. The scale consists of two subscales: Anxiety (HAD-A) and Depression (HAD-D). In the validity and reliability study, the cutoff score for HAD-A was found to be 10/11, and for HAD-D, 7/8. Accordingly, scores above these points are considered at risk. The scale is a four-point Likert type, with a total score ranging from 0 to 42.
Time frame: The scale will be administered as a first test during the initial interview at the beginning of the study and as a final test during the final interview at the end of the third day.
No study locations are listed for this record.
Plan to share: No
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