ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT07274956DIENerveDensUpdated Dec 10, 2025

Nerve Fiber Density in DIE Nodules & Pelvic Pain

An observational study in Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis, Pelvic Pain, Dysmenorrhea Dyspareunia, sponsored by Başakşehir Çam & Sakura City Hospital. Completed at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 55 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-12-10.

Primary conditionDysmenorrheaRegistry: Pelvic PainReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Pelvic Pain — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Dysmenorrhea
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Dysmenorrhea, a narrower term within Pelvic Pain.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Başakşehir Çam & Sakura City Hospital · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
65
Ages
18 Years to 55 Years
Sex
Female
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 81 studies in Dysmenorrhea with a site in Turkey — 19 open to participants now, 23 under way, none of them phase 3. Dysmenorrhea · Turkey.

Started
2022
with 6 others
Observational
9 of 81
3 open now
Registered
65th of 81
by date

Among the 81 studies in Dysmenorrhea with a site in Turkey, this one is one of 7 that started in 2022, is one of 9 observational ones, and was the 65th registered.

Dysmenorrhea

430 studies on the registry are indexed under Dysmenorrhea; 107 are open to participants now.

Browse Dysmenorrhea studies →

Open to participants now

19 of the 81 studies in Dysmenorrhea with a site in Turkey are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

14 more — sign in →

All 19 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Turkey have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Turkey →

Who these studies take

Of the 57 Dysmenorrhea studies recruiting now, 7 (12%) set no upper age limit and 49 (86%) stop at 75 or younger; 11 take children under 18; 20 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 55 Years · female · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 81 studies in Dysmenorrhea with a site in Turkey, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a highly symptomatic form of endometriosis linked to severe dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and chronic pelvic pain. Histologic studies suggest abundant neural elements in DIE nodules, but the relationship between nodule-level nerve fiber density and patient-reported pelvic pain remains insufficiently defined. This retrospective, cross-sectional study with prospective pathology re-review evaluates whether nerve fiber density in surgically excised DIE nodules correlates with pain severity and location. Women aged 18-55 who underwent surgery for DIE after inadequate response to medical therapy are included. Clinical data (demographics, gynecologic history, prior treatments) and standardized pain scores (VAS for pain domains) are abstracted from records. Archived blocks are recut; sections are stained with H\&E and immunolabeled (e.g., SOX-10) to quantify neural profiles and derive a nerve fiber density metric per nodule. Primary endpoint: association between nerve fiber density and pain intensity/localization. Secondary endpoints: relationships with lesion site/depth and other clinicopathologic variables; exploratory discrimination of severe-pain phenotypes. Statistics (χ²/Fisher, t/Mann-Whitney, Kaplan-Meier/Cox if applicable) use two-sided p\<0.05. This minimal-risk study uses existing records and archived tissue only; findings may inform counseling, nerve-sparing surgical planning, and future biomarker-driven, response-adapted trials.

Read the detailed description

Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a highly symptomatic phenotype of endometriosis that invades retrocervical, parametrial, rectovaginal, bowel, and other pelvic structures, and is frequently associated with severe dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and chronic pelvic pain. Emerging evidence suggests that DIE nodules harbor abundant nerve fibers and may show perineural involvement, yet the relationship between intranodular nerve fiber density and patient-reported pelvic pain has not been defined with sufficient clinical granularity.

This retrospective, cross-sectional study with prospective pathology re-review investigates whether nerve fiber density within surgically excised DIE nodules correlates with the intensity and localization of pelvic pain. Eligible participants are women (18-55 years) operated for DIE after inadequate response to medical therapy (e.g., nodule excision, nerve-sparing hysterectomy ± salpingo-oophorectomy, ovarian surgery, and/or bowel resection when indicated). Demographic characteristics, obstetric/gynecologic history, prior surgeries and medical treatments, and standardized pain assessments (visual analogue scale [VAS] scores for dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and chronic pelvic pain) are abstracted from the hospital information system.

All resected specimens are routinely fixed in buffered formalin and processed for histopathology. For this study, archived blocks from endometriotic foci are recut (3-µm sections) and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemically labeled with SOX-10 to visualize neural elements. Under ×200 magnification, the number of SOX-10-positive neural profiles within endometriotic foci is quantified, and mean nerve fiber counts (per evaluated field/area) are calculated to derive a nerve fiber density metric for each nodule. The primary endpoint is the association between nodule-level nerve fiber density and pain severity/localization. Secondary endpoints include associations with clinicopathologic variables (lesion site and depth, parametrial/rectovaginal/bowel involvement), and exploratory analyses of indices that may discriminate patients with severe pain.

Statistics will be performed with SPSS (v23). Categorical variables are summarized as n (%) and compared with χ² or Fisher's exact tests; continuous variables as mean ± SD (or median [min-max]) and compared with Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate; within-group paired comparisons may use the Wilcoxon test. Two-sided p \< 0.05 denotes statistical significance. Because this is a retrospective audit with predefined time frame and all-comer surgical inclusions, no formal sample size calculation is planned.

Risks/Benefits: This is minimal-risk research using archived pathology and existing clinical records; no additional procedures or changes to care are required. Results may clarify whether tissue-level neural metrics in DIE nodules reflect the patient's pain phenotype, potentially informing counseling, surgical planning (e.g., nerve-sparing strategies), and the development of response biomarkers for future prospective studies.

03

Conditions studied

  • Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis, Pelvic Pain, Dysmenorrhea Dyspareunia

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Keywords

  • Deep infiltrating endometriosis; Pelvic pain; Dysmenorrhea; Dyspareunia; Nerve fiber density; SOX10
04

In context

Dysmenorrhea Reclassified

430 studies on the registry are indexed under Dysmenorrhea; 107 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 65 is below the median of 107 across 58 observational studies indexed under Dysmenorrhea.

Browse Dysmenorrhea studies →

Lead sponsor

Başakşehir Çam & Sakura City Hospital is the lead sponsor of 109 studies on the registry; 36 are open to participants now.

Compared within Dysmenorrhea, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Pelvic Pain. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 55 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Women aged 18-55 with surgically confirmed deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) treated at tertiary referral endometriosis centers during the study period. Consecutive, real-world all-comer surgical cases are included after inadequate response to medical therapy, encompassing common DIE sites (rectovaginal septum, uterosacral/cardinal ligaments, parametria, retrocervical/cervicovaginal, bowel, ureter, bladder). All participants have archived FFPE specimens suitable for histopathology/IHC and a documented preoperative pain assessment (e.g., VAS). The cohort is observational, retrospective, with no investigational intervention.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:Female, 18-55 years of age at time of surgery

Surgically treated for deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) with curative intent within the study period

Histopathologic confirmation of DIE on resected specimen (e.g., rectovaginal septum, uterosacral/cardinal ligaments, parametria, bowel, ureter, bladder, retrocervical/cervicovaginal sites)

Availability of archived FFPE tissue blocks adequate for H\&E and immunohistochemistry (e.g., SOX10) to quantify nerve fiber density

Documented preoperative pain assessment (e.g., VAS 0-10 for dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and/or chronic pelvic pain) obtained within ≤3 months prior to index surgery

Accessible clinical data in the medical record (demographics, gynecologic history, prior medical/surgical therapies) sufficient for planned analyses

IRB approval in place; inclusion under written or IRB waiver applicable to retrospective data/tissue use -

Exclusion Criteria:No surgical resection of DIE (e.g., diagnostic laparoscopy only) or no histopathologic confirmation of DIE

Insufficient biospecimen (no/poor-quality FFPE tissue for H\&E/IHC)

Missing preoperative pain assessment (no VAS data within ≤3 months before index surgery)

Concomitant of the pelvis/abdominopelvic organs or malignancy treated within the past 5 years

Prior pelvic radiotherapy or major pelvic/nerve ablative surgery that precludes meaningful pain attribution

Acute pelvic infection at time of assessment or surgery (e.g., PID, tubo-ovarian abscess)

Primary pain disorders likely to confound attribution (e.g., interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, IBS with pain as dominant symptom, centrally mediated chronic pain syndromes) without adequate documentation to separate pain sources

-

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

06

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
65 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • DIE Nodule Pathology Cohort

    Women (18-55 years) with surgically confirmed deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) who underwent standard-of-care resection (e.g., nodule excision, nerve-sparing hysterectomy ± salpingo-oophorectomy, and/or segmental bowel surgery when indicated). This is an observational, retrospective cohort; no investigational intervention is administered. The exposure of interest is nodule-level nerve fiber density, quantified on archived FFPE blocks by histopathology and immunohistochemistry (e.g., SOX10). Clinical data (demographics, gynecologic history, prior treatments) and patient-reported pain scores (VAS for dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, chronic pelvic pain) are abstracted from records. Primary analyses assess the association between nerve fiber density and pelvic pain severity/localization; secondary analyses explore relationships with lesion site/depth and other clinicopathologic features.

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Association between nodule-level nerve fiber density and pelvic pain severity

    Nerve fiber density (SOX10-positive neural profiles per high-power field on FFPE sections of DIE nodules) will be quantified and averaged per nodule. Pelvic pain severity will be extracted from patient-reported visual analogue scale (VAS, 0-10) scores for relevant domains (e.g., dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, chronic pelvic pain). The primary analysis tests the association between nerve fiber density and VAS severity (Spearman correlation and multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, lesion site/depth, and prior treatments). Higher nerve fiber density is hypothesized to correlate with higher VAS pain scores.

    Time frame: from 01.02.2022 to june 2025

08

Study locations

2 sites
  • Basaksehir Cam Ve Sakura Sehir Hospital
    Istanbul, 34060, Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Basaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Başakşehir Mahallesi G-434 Caddesi No: 2L Başakşehir / İSTANBUL
    Istanbul, 34480, Turkey (Türkiye)
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Zomer MT, Kondo W, Cavalcanti TCS, Von Linsigen R, Ferreira LRG, Carranco RC, Trippia CH, Kulak J Jr. Assessment of Nerve Fiber Density and Expression of Hormonal Receptors Within Rectosigmoid Endometriosis Nodules. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2022 Feb;29(2):265-273. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2021.08.008. Epub 2021 Aug 17. PubMed 34411730 ↗
  • Tokushige N, Markham R, Russell P, Fraser IS. Nerve fibres in peritoneal endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2006 Nov;21(11):3001-7. doi: 10.1093/humrep/del260. Epub 2006 Sep 1. PubMed 16950827 ↗
  • McKinnon B, Bersinger NA, Wotzkow C, Mueller MD. Endometriosis-associated nerve fibers, peritoneal fluid cytokine concentrations, and pain in endometriotic lesions from different locations. Fertil Steril. 2012 Feb;97(2):373-80. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.11.011. Epub 2011 Dec 10. PubMed 22154765 ↗
  • Wang G, Tokushige N, Markham R, Fraser IS. Rich innervation of deep infiltrating endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2009 Apr;24(4):827-34. doi: 10.1093/humrep/den464. Epub 2009 Jan 16. PubMed 19151028 ↗
  • Yan D, Liu X, Guo SW. Neuropeptides Substance P and Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Accelerate the Development and Fibrogenesis of Endometriosis. Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 25;9(1):2698. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39170-w. PubMed 30804432 ↗
  • Mabrouk M, Raimondo D, Arena A, Iodice R, Altieri M, Sutherland N, Salucci P, Moro E, Seracchioli R. Parametrial Endometriosis: The Occult Condition that Makes the Hard Harder. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2019 Jul-Aug;26(5):871-876. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.08.022. Epub 2018 Aug 31. PubMed 30176361 ↗
  • Koninckx PR, Meuleman C, Demeyere S, Lesaffre E, Cornillie FJ. Suggestive evidence that pelvic endometriosis is a progressive disease, whereas deeply infiltrating endometriosis is associated with pelvic pain. Fertil Steril. 1991 Apr;55(4):759-65. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54244-7. PubMed 2010001 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — This retrospective, single-cohort study uses de-identified data from routine care and archived tissue. Individual participant data will not be shared publicly.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Feb 2022 to primary completion in Jun 2025, 40 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Nov 28, 2025
First posted
Dec 10, 2025
StartActual
Feb 1, 2022
Primary completionActual
Jun 27, 2025
CompletionActual
Jun 27, 2025
Last update
Dec 10, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 10, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07274956
Responsible party
Baris KAYA (Associate Professor, Başakşehir Çam & Sakura City Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Dec 10, 2025
Start date
Feb 1, 2022
Primary completion
Jun 27, 2025
Completion
Jun 27, 2025
Last update
Dec 10, 2025

Study contacts

baris kaya, associate professor
principal investigator · Basaksehir Cam ve Sakura Sehir Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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