An interventional study of Kinetic control for shoulder internal rotation with mobilization with movement and stretches, strengthening and mobilization with movement in Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD), sponsored by Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences. Completed at 2 sites in Pakistan. Open to male participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-10.
Sponsored by Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Among 19 studies in Athletic Injuries with a site in Pakistan — none open to participants now, 1 under way, none of them phase 3. Athletic Injuries · Pakistan.
Among the 19 studies in Athletic Injuries with a site in Pakistan, this one is the 6th largest by enrollment, is one of 3 that started in 2025, is one of 19 with no phase, and was the 19th registered.
258 studies on the registry are indexed under Athletic Injuries; 45 are open to participants now.
Browse Athletic Injuries studies →None of the 19 studies in Athletic Injuries with a site in Pakistan is open now.
Of the 21 Athletic Injuries studies recruiting now, 2 (10%) set no upper age limit and 18 (86%) stop at 75 or younger; 11 take children under 18; 8 take healthy volunteers.
This study: 18 Years to 45 Years · male · no healthy volunteers.
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19 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.
First in 2012; this study’s year is marked. 3 started in 2025.
This study's enrollment of 50 is above the median of 44 across 164 interventional studies indexed under Athletic Injuries.
Median enrollment 36 across the 19 interventional studies. Of the 18 that completed or were terminated, 1 (6%) have results posted.
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None of the 19 has an industry lead sponsor. The 5 most frequent:
Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences is the lead sponsor of 79 studies on the registry; 55 are open to participants now.
Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences has 1 study filed under Athletic Injuries — fewer than ten, so there is no comparison to draw.
None of the studies under way reaches primary completion within a year.
Among the 19 studies in Athletic Injuries with a site in Pakistan, from their registry updates:
Nothing recorded among them since 2026-09-25.
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The goal of this clinical trial is to determine combined effects of the Kinetic control for shoulder on pain, range, and function among fast bowlers. The main question it aims to answer is:
Does mulligan mobilization with movement along with kinetic medial rotation control work in decreasing pain, improving shoulder internal range of motion and shoulder function in fast bowlers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit? Is the combination of Mulligan mobilization with movement along with kinetic control therapy effective in fast bowlers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit? Treatment arm will receive movement retraining exercises to develop kinetic control with mulligan mobilization and comparison arm will receive standard physical therapy exercises with mulligan mobilization.
Treatment group will receive shoulder warm up exercises, movement retraining exercises and mulligan mobilization with movement.
Comparison group will receive shoulder warm up exercises, modified sleeper stretch, shoulder isometrics and mulligan mobilization with movement.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria
Each person will follow this program three times a week. The session starts with a shoulder movement test to check how well the shoulder rotates-60 degrees inward and 45 degrees outward-without the shoulder blade or upper arm moving incorrectly. Next, movement retraining exercises are used to fix any incorrect shoulder movements. This includes helping the shoulder and shoulder blade move properly using hands-on support, along with exercises that may be supported or unsupported. Visual cues (like mirrors), touch, and manual guidance are used to teach correct movement. Lastly, Mobilization with Movement (MWM) is performed. This involves gently pushing the shoulder joint backward
Other: Kinetic control for shoulder internal rotation with mobilization with movement
Each person in the control group will do these exercises three times a week. The session starts with shoulder warm-up exercises like arm circles, shoulder rolls, and reaching overhead. These are done in 2 sets of 10 reps. Next is the modified sleeper stretch. This is repeated 3 times, with a 30-second rest between each stretch. Then, isometric shoulder exercises are done in standing. The person pushes their arm inward against resistance without actually moving it. Finally, Mobilization with Movement (MWM) is used.
Other: stretches, strengthening and mobilization with movement
stretches and strengthening along with mobilization with movement is given to participants. stretches include sleeper stretch and isometrics in strengthening
Each person in the control group will do these exercises three times a week. The session starts with shoulder warm-up exercises like arm circles, shoulder rolls, and reaching overhead. These are done in 2 sets of 10 reps. Next is the modified sleeper stretch. This is repeated 3 times, with a 30-second rest between each stretch. Then, isometric shoulder exercises are done in standing. The person pushes their arm inward against resistance without actually moving it. Finally, Mobilization with Movement (MWM) is used.
Pain Intensity
Pain intensity will be evaluated using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain, 1-3 represents mild pain, 4-6 indicates moderate pain, and 7-10 reflects severe pain.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Shoulder Range of Motion
Shoulder range of motion will be measured in all planes of movement using a universal goniometer. The movements will include: Internal Rotation (0-90°) All measurements will be recorded in degrees to assess improvement in joint mobility across these planes.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Functional Disability
Functional disability will be assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), which provides a percentage score ranging from 0 to 100%. A low score (0-29%) represents minimal disability, a moderate score (30-59%) indicates moderate disability, and a high score (60-100%) signifies severe functional limitation.
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks
A total of 100 participants initially were assessed for recruitment in which 50 were selected for the final recruitment
| Milestone | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 25 | 25 |
| Completed | 25 | 25 |
| Not completed | 0 | 0 |
Pain intensity will be evaluated using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain, 1-3 represents mild pain, 4-6 indicates moderate pain, and 7-10 reflects severe pain.
| Score on scale | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Intensity | 0.96 ± 0.34 | 1.36 ± 0.86 |
Shoulder range of motion will be measured in all planes of movement using a universal goniometer. The movements will include: Internal Rotation (0-90°) All measurements will be recorded in degrees to assess improvement in joint mobility across these planes.
| Degrees | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement |
|---|---|---|
| Shoulder Range of Motion | 73.83 ± 6.72 | 67.96 ± 5.72 |
Functional disability will be assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), which provides a percentage score ranging from 0 to 100%. A low score (0-29%) represents minimal disability, a moderate score (30-59%) indicates moderate disability, and a high score (60-100%) signifies severe functional limitation.
| Score on Scale | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement |
|---|---|---|
| Functional Disability | 27.76 ± 12.36 | 38.58 ± 9.57 |
Collected over Adverse events were monitored during the 6-week intervention period. Non-serious events are listed at a 3% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | 0/25 (0%) | 0/25 (0%) | 1/25 (4%) |
| Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement | 0/25 (0%) | 0/25 (0%) | 2/25 (8%) |
| Event | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement |
|---|---|---|
| Pain and Muscle SorenessMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 1/25 | 2/25 |
On baseline, 25 participants were recruited in each group with age from 18-45 years
| Age, Categorical(Participants) | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| <=18 years | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| Between 18 and 65 years | 17 | 16 | 33 |
| >=65 years | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Male | 25 | 25 | 50 |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected(Participants) | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count of participants | — | — | 0 |
| Symptoms Duration(Months) | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 14.60 ± 2.86 | 13.96 ± 2.76 | 14.32 ± 2.81 |
| Training Time(Hours per Week) | Movement Control Exercises With the Concept of Kinetic Control and Mobilization With Movement | Stretches, Strengthening and Mobilization With Movement | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 9.08 ± 2.02 | 10.2 ± 3.10 | 9.64 ± 2.06 |
PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.
Plan to share: Undecided
Ran from Feb 2025 to primary completion in Feb 2026, 12 months.
Results were first posted in Aug 2026, 5 months after primary completion.
Of 119 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Athletic Injuries, half reached primary completion within 5 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 2 and three quarters within 14. This study's 12 months is above that.
Counting every sponsor, half of 121 studies reached it within 5 months; a quarter within 2 and three quarters within 14.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
This study is completed, as verified in Jun 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences