A Phase 1 interventional study of i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells and C7R.GD2.CARTs cells and i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells and C7R.GD2.CARTs cells in Relapsed Neuroblastoma, Refractory Neuroblastoma and Relapsed Osteosarcoma, sponsored by Baylor College of Medicine. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 1 Year to 24 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-07-21.
Sponsored by Baylor College of Medicine · Phase 1, Interventional, and Treatment
Among 14 studies in Neuroblastoma by Baylor College of Medicine — 1 open to participants now, 6 under way, none of them phase 3. Neuroblastoma · Baylor College of Medicine.
Among the 14 studies in Neuroblastoma by Baylor College of Medicine, this one is the 3rd largest by planned enrollment, is the only one that started in 2026, is one of 10 in phase 1, and was the 14th registered.
675 studies on the registry are indexed under Neuroblastoma; 127 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 27 is below the median of 32 across 507 interventional studies indexed under Neuroblastoma.
Browse Neuroblastoma studies →1 of the 14 studies in Neuroblastoma by Baylor College of Medicine is open now, in 1 country. Each count lists the studies.
Of the 104 Neuroblastoma studies recruiting now, 25 (24%) set no upper age limit and 74 (71%) stop at 75 or younger; 101 take children under 18; 3 take healthy volunteers.
This study: 1 Year to 24 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.
The full table on the hub →14 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.
First in 1997; this study’s year is marked. 1 started in 2026.
Median enrollment 16 across the 14 interventional studies. Of the 7 that completed or were terminated, 2 (29%) have results posted.
Baylor College of Medicine is the lead sponsor of 747 studies on the registry; 110 are open to participants now.
Of its 84 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 45 (54%) have results posted.
None of the studies under way reaches primary completion within a year.
Among the 14 studies in Neuroblastoma by Baylor College of Medicine, from their registry updates:
Nothing recorded among them since 2026-09-25.
The purpose of this study is to find the largest safe dose of i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells in combination with C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells, and additionally to evaluate how long they can be detected in patients' blood and what affect they have on patients' cancer.
Patients eligible for this study have neuroblastoma or osteosarcoma that expresses a substance on the cancer cells called GD2. This cancer has either come back after treatment or did not respond to the standard or other investigational treatments or therapies used to treat it. There is no standard treatment for these types of advanced cancers at this time. This is a gene transfer research study using special immune cells called NK cells and T cells. NK cells and T cells are types of white blood cell that help the body fight infection.
The body has different ways of fighting infection and disease. No single way seems perfect for fighting cancers. This research study combines two different ways of fighting cancer: NK cells and T cells. T cells are special infection-fighting blood cells that can kill cells infected with viruses and tumor cells. NK cells, another kind of infection-fighting cell, can recognize a wide range of cells in distress, including tumor cells and cells that help protect tumor cells in the cancer environment. Both NK cells and T cells have been used individually to treat patients with cancers. They have shown promise, but have not been strong enough individually to cure most patients.
Investigators have found from previous research that we can put a new gene into T cells that will make them recognize GD2, a substance found on almost all neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma cells. We can also put a new gene into NK cells that help them fight the tumor environment. Investigators know that T cells and NK cells need substances called cytokines to survive but the cells do not get enough cytokines after infusion into the body; therefore, the investigators have added the genes C7R and IL15 into the T and NK cells, respectively, to give each cell a constant supply of cytokine that helps them to survive longer.
The C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells and i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells are investigational products not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
To make the T cells, the investigators will take patient's blood and stimulate it with growth factors that make T cells grow. Investigators will use a retrovirus to insert the GD2-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) into the T cells. To make NK cells, investigators will take blood from healthy donors and stimulate them with growth factors that make NK cells grow. Investigators will also use a retrovirus to insert the tumor environment-targeting NK receptor, called NKG2D.zeta, into the NK cells.
The cells generated will be frozen and stored to give back to the patient. Because patients will have received cells with a new gene in them, patients will be followed for a total of 15 years to see if there are any long term side effects of gene transfer.
Patients will be assigned a dose of i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells. The assigned dose of cells is based on body weight and height.
In this study, patients will receive the i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK and C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells. On Day -5, the patient will be given an injection of i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells into the vein through an IV line at the assigned dose. Before receiving the NK cell infusion, the patient may be given a dose of Benadryl (diphenhydramine) and Tylenol (acetaminophen). The infusion will take between 1 to 10 minutes. Investigators will then monitor the patient in the clinic for about 3 hours. The study was designed to not give doses of lymphodepletion chemotherapy prior to the i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK and C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells. However, some patients may need to receive lymphodepletion chemotherapy prior to the NK cell infusion, based on preliminary study results.
This will be followed by an injection of C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells on Day 0. Before receiving the infusion, the patient may be given doses of Benadryl (diphenhydramine) and Tylenol (acetaminophen). The infusion will take between 1 to 10 minutes. Investigators will monitor the patient in the clinic for about 3 hours. The treatment will be given by the Center for Cell and Gene Therapy at Texas Children's Hospital. The patient may need to stay in Houston for up to 4 weeks after the infusion so we can monitor for side effects.
The patient will have follow-up visits after the T cell infusion at day -3, day +3, weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8, then at months 3, 6, 9, an d 12, and then twice a year for the next 4 years and annually for the next 10 years. The patient will also have scheduled disease evaluations after the T cell injection at week 6 and then as clinically needed.
Medical test before treatment--
Before being treated, the patient will receive a series of standard medical tests:
Medical tests during and after treatment--
The patient will receive standard medical tests when they are getting the infusions and afterwards:
To learn more about the way the i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells and C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells are working and how long they last in the body, an extra amount of blood will be obtained on the day of the NK-cell infusion and the T-cell infusion and at the end of the NK-cell and T-cell infusions, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks after the T-cell infusion and every 3 months for the 1st year, every 6 months for the next 4 years and annually for the next 10 years. The amount of blood taken will be based on the patient's weight with up to a maximum of 60 mL (12 teaspoons) of blood to be obtained at any one time. For children, the total amount of blood drawn will not be more than 3 mL (less than 1 teaspoon) per 1 kg of body weight on any one day. This volume is considered safe, but may be decreased if patient is anemic (has a low red blood cell count).
During the time points listed above, if the i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells or C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells are found in the patient's blood at a certain amount, an extra 5 mL (about 1 teaspoon) of blood may need to be collected for additional testing.
If the patient has a procedure where tumor samples are obtained, like a repeat bone marrow evaluation or tumor biopsy, the investigators will request a sample to be used for research purposes.
The patient will receive supportive care for any acute or chronic toxicities, including blood components or antibiotics, and other intervention as medically appropriate.
PROCUREMENT INCLUSION:
Patients with Neuroblastoma that have persistent disease after standard treatment or have disease.
Or
Patients with Osteosarcoma that have persistent disease after standard treatment or have relapsed/refractory disease.
PROCUREMENT EXCLUSION:
TREATMENT INCLUSION:
Patients with Neuroblastoma that have persistent disease after standard treatment or have relapsed/refractory disease.
Or
Patients with Osteosarcoma that have persistent disease after standard treatment or have relapsed/refractory disease.
TREATMENT EXCLUSION:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Relapsed: the illness came back after treatment had worked. Refractory: it did not respond to treatment, or stopped responding while still on it.
A 0–100 scale of how well someone can carry out everyday activities. 100 is no complaints and no signs of illness; 70 is able to look after yourself but not to work or keep up normal activity; 50 is needing considerable help and frequent medical care.
Studies often ask for 60 or 70 and above. Your doctor gives the score.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Relapsed and refractory
Relapsed: the illness came back after treatment had worked. Refractory: it did not respond to treatment, or stopped responding while still on it.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Karnofsky performance status (KPS)
A 0–100 scale of how well someone can carry out everyday activities. 100 is no complaints and no signs of illness; 70 is able to look after yourself but not to work or keep up normal activity; 50 is needing considerable help and frequent medical care.
Studies often ask for 60 or 70 and above. Your doctor gives the score.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hypersensitivity
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Autoimmune disease
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Immunosuppression
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Brain metastases
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ALT and AST (liver enzymes)
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ULN (upper limit of normal)
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Metastases
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Bilirubin
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Investigational drug or device
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraception
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Corticosteroids (steroids)
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Three dose levels will be evaluated. This is a dose escalating trial which will infuse doses of i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells followed by a fixed dose of C7R.GD2.CAR T cells 5 days later.
Genetic: i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells and C7R.GD2.CARTs cells
Dose Level 1: 3 x 10\^8/m\^2 of i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells and 3 x 10\^7/m\^2 of C7R.GD2.CAR T cells given 5 days later.
Dose Level 2: 6 x 10\^8/m\^2 of i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells and 3 x 10\^7 cells/m\^2 of C7R.GD2.CAR T cells given 5 days later.
Dose Level 3: 12 x 10\^8/m\^2 of i15.NKG2D.zeta NK cells and 3 x 10\^7 cells/m\^2 of C7R.GD2.CAR T cells given 5 days later.
Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) rate
Proportion of participants with DLTs related to the combination of NK cell and T cell infusions evaluated as per the NCI CTCAE v5.0 criteria
Time frame: 4 weeks post-CAR-T cell infusion
Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of i15.NKG2D.zeta-NK cells when given in combination with C7R.GD2.CAR-T cells
The dose level of infused NK cells for which the DLT rate is approximately 0.3
Time frame: 4 weeks post CAR-T infusion of the last participant
Objective response rate (ORR)
Proportion of participants with complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) according to RECIST v1.1 criteria and/or MIBG evaluation (for neuroblastoma)
Time frame: 6 weeks after CAR-T infusion
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) grade
Any grade CRS as evaluated by established clinical CRS Grading Scale
Time frame: 4 weeks post CAR-T infusion
Started Jul 2026 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Apr 2029, 33 months after the start.
Of 73 non-industry phase 1 interventional studies under Neuroblastoma, half reached primary completion within 89 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 65 and three quarters within 117. This study's planned 33 months is below that.
Counting every sponsor, half of 86 studies reached it within 83 months; a quarter within 60 and three quarters within 114.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
Eligibility is decided by the study team. Share this record with your doctor or contact the team directly.
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