An observational study in Neuropathic Pain, Central Sensitization and Subacromial Pain Syndrome, sponsored by Izmir City Hospital. Recruiting at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 19 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-04-14.
Sponsored by Izmir City Hospital · Observational
This single-center observational study aims to investigate neuropathic pain descriptors and their relationship with central sensitization in patients diagnosed with subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS) who have had shoulder pain for at least 3 months. A total of 82 participants aged 19 years or older will be recruited from the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic of Izmir City Hospital. After obtaining informed consent, participants will complete validated questionnaires assessing pain severity (VAS), neuropathic pain characteristics (painDETECT), central sensitization (Central Sensitization Inventory), and shoulder function (SPADI). Range of motion will be measured using a goniometer. No imaging or invasive procedures will be performed. Using the central sensitization scale and pain detect, the presence or absence of the 7 pain descriptors will be investigated in patients with subacromial pain syndrome with or without central sensitization and neuropathic pain pattern and it will be investigated whether the contribution of hyperalgesia, one of these pain descriptors, to neuropathic pain and central sensitization in patients with subacromial pain syndrome is greater than the contribution of other pain descriptors.The results of this study are expected to provide insight into pain mechanisms and guide clinical management in patients with SAPS.
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This study's planned enrollment of 82 is below the median of 102 across 231 observational studies indexed under Neuralgia.
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This study will be conducted with 82 patients aged 19 years and older who have been admitted to the PTR outpatient clinic of Izmir City Hospital with shoulder pain and diagnosed with subacromial pain syndrome and who have had shoulder pain for at least 3 months.
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Hawkins-Kennedy test Painful arc test Infraspinatus muscle strength test
Exclusion Criteria:
Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia is defined as an exaggerated pain response to a painful stimulus that is disproportionate to the intensity of the stimulus. It is one of the pain descriptors assessed in the painDETECT questionnaire, which evaluates neuropathic pain features.It is one of the 7 questions in the painDETECT scale that evaluates neuropathic pain and is scored on a 6-point Likert scale and receives a score between 0-5.
Time frame: At baseline (single assessment)
Pain Intensity
Pain severity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). VAS is a 10 cm horizontal line with endpoints labeled "no pain" (0) and "worst imaginable pain" (10). Patients will mark a point on the line that best represents their current level of shoulder pain.
Time frame: At baseline
Neuropathic Pain
Neuropathic pain features will be assessed using the painDETECT questionnaire, which consists of 9 items. Two items evaluate pain pattern and radiation, and seven items assess descriptors such as burning, tingling, mechanical allodynia, paroxysmal pain, thermal hyperalgesia, numbness, and pressure-induced pain (hyperalgesia). Each descriptor is rated on a 0-5 scale. The total score helps determine the likelihood of neuropathic pain.
Time frame: At baseline
Central Sensitization
Central sensitization will be evaluated using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), which includes 25 items scored from 0 (never) to 4 (always). A score of 40 or more suggests a high probability of central sensitization (81% sensitivity, 75% specificity).
Time frame: At baseline
Function
It will be evaluated with the shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI-Shoulder Pain and Disability Index). SPADI is a questionnaire with a total of 13 questions developed to measure disability associated with shoulder pain. In the subgroup of the questionnaire assessing pain, the patient is asked to rate the severity of pain during different activities in the past week by giving a score between zero (no pain) and 10 (most severe pain). In the sub-group assessing disability, the patient is asked to rate how much difficulty he/she has had during different activities in the last week by giving a score between zero (no difficulty at all) and 10 (receiving assistance). A score of zero indicates maximum well-being and a score of 130 indicates maximum ill health. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of SPADI has been demonstrated.
Time frame: At baseline
Range of Motion Measurement
Active and passive shoulder range of motion (ROM) will be measured using a goniometer. The movements evaluated include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation.
Time frame: At baseline
Plan to share: Undecided
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
Ran from Sep 2025 to primary completion in Mar 2026, 6 months.
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Izmir City Hospital