ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06965127Updated Oct 30, 2026

Implant for Walking After Incomplete SCI

An interventional study of NNP-LE in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and Gait, sponsored by Louis Stokes VA Medical Center. Recruiting at 2 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-30.

Sponsored by Louis Stokes VA Medical Center · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Aug 2025; still recruiting 1 year 2 months later.
Updated Oct 30, 20261 site addedGo to Updates ↓
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
5
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a device study that will evaluate the effect of an implanted stimulator on improving walking in people with incomplete spinal cord injury. There are two phases in the study: 1) Screening - this phase determines if the individual is a good candidate to receive an implanted system, 2) Implantation, controller development, and evaluation - this phase includes implanting the device and setting the individual up for system use, creating controllers for walking, and evaluating the effect of the device over a couple years.

Read the detailed description

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of neural stimulation for improving walking after incomplete spinal cord injury. Participants will conduct pre-surgical gait training and then undergo surgery to implant a stimulator and electrodes to sense from and activate muscles used during walking. The device delivers electrical pulses to the nerves causing the muscles to contract to perform functional movements. The system coordinates assistance based on implanted sensors. After receiving the implanted device, participants undergo training to use the device to assist walking. Evaluations are completed prior to surgery as well after training and at later follow up sessions.

02

Conditions studied

  • Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
  • Gait

Keywords

  • neuroprosthesis
  • implanted device
03

In context

Spinal Cord Injuries

2,025 studies on the registry are indexed under Spinal Cord Injuries; 537 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 5 is below the median of 24 across 1,633 interventional studies indexed under Spinal Cord Injuries.

Browse Spinal Cord Injuries studies →

Lead sponsor

Louis Stokes VA Medical Center is the lead sponsor of 15 studies on the registry; 5 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Between the ages of 18-75
  • Non-ventilator dependent paralysis resulting from injuries such as: cervical/thoracic spinal cord injuries affecting the trunk and/or lower limbs
  • Impairment classification of AIS B, C, or D (preservation of sensation and/or some motor function) with weakness in trunk and/or lower extremity muscles
  • Unable to walk faster than 0.8m/s during a 10m walk test
  • Gait deviation such as reduced peak hip, knee, and/or ankle range of motion during stance or swing phases due to motor impairment
  • Time post injury greater than six months
  • Innervated and excitable lower extremity and trunk musculature
  • Adequate social support and stability
  • Willingness to comply with follow-up procedures
  • Appropriate body habitus (height and weight within acceptable limits as determined by study physician)
  • Neurologically stable as determined by a physician

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Significant fracture risk or history of spontaneous fractures
  • History of heterotopic ossification at the hip, knee, or ankle
  • Non-English speaking
  • Insufficient upper extremity function to use an assistive device (e.g. walker or cane)
  • Females who are pregnant
  • Current pressure injury that would be exacerbated by study activities
  • Uncontrolled spasticity that would interfere with study activities
  • Significant range of motion limitations that would compromise study activities
  • History of vestibular dysfunction, balance problems, or spontaneous falls
  • Disorder or condition that require MRI monitoring
  • Acute and/or untreated orthopedic issues that would prevent weight bearing or exercising implanted muscles such as a dislocation or fracture
  • Acute and/or chronic medical problems left untreated or not controlled that would increase risk by using stimulation such as cardiac abnormalities, immunological/pulmonary/renal/circulatory compromise
  • Uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension
  • Presence of a demand pacemaker, cardiac defibrillator, or neuroprosthesis system with components in the legs
  • Any other medical or psychological condition that would be a

Implant eligibility criteria

  • In addition to all of the above, the participant must be able to fully support their body weight in standing with an assistive device prior to implantation.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
5 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Implantation, controller development and evaluation

    This phase includes installing the device and setting the individual up for use of the system and evaluating the effect of the system on walking ability.

    Device: NNP-LE

Interventions

  • DeviceNNP-LE

    Networked NeuroProsthesis - Lower Extremity Configuration (NNP-LE) measuring physiologic command signals and delivering neural stimulation to intramuscular and nerve cuff electrodes for trunk and leg muscle assistance.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Difference in maximum walking distance

    The maximum walking distance is a measure of how far the participant can walk within a single bout over an unconstrained period of time. The measure is used to assess whether endurance and walking capacity improve. The difference between walking with and without the system turned on determines if the system improves walking capacity. Users serve as their own concurrent controls.

    Time frame: Immediately after the participant is fully trained to use their implanted system

Secondary outcomes

  1. Difference in spinal cord injury - functional ambulation inventory (SCI-FAI)

    The SCI-FAI is an observational gait assessment that assesses three areas of walking: gait parameters, assistive device use, and walking mobility. The difference between walking with and without the system turned on determines if the system improves walking ability. Users serve as their own concurrent controls with and without device assistance.

    Time frame: Immediately after the participant is fully trained to use their implanted system

  2. Difference in Home and community mobility

    A body worn step counter measures the number of steps taken daily over the course of about a month prior to implantation and then after implantation and system use. The difference between walking before and after having the system identifies if people walk more once they have the system. Users serve as their own longitudinal controls.

    Time frame: Baseline and Immediately after the participant is fully trained to use their implanted system

07

Study locations

2 of 2 sites recruiting
  • Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center
    Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
    Recruiting
  • MetroHealth System
    Cleveland, Ohio 44109, United States
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — De-identified assessment data will be shared via open data commons for spinal cord injury

Time frame: data will become available after study completion

Access criteria: de-identified data will be available to anyone with access to the ODC-SCI repository

Data sharing details ↗ · odc-sci.org

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Aug 2025 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Aug 2028, 36 months after the start.

Of 790 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Spinal Cord Injuries, half reached primary completion within 37 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 18 and three quarters within 65. This study's planned 36 months is close to that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 839 studies reached it within 36 months; a quarter within 17 and three quarters within 64.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Apr 22, 2025
First posted
May 11, 2025
StartActual
Aug 27, 2025
Primary completionEst.
Aug 2028
CompletionEst.
Aug 2031
Last update
Oct 30, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
Sites
1 site added
Show site
  • MetroHealth System · Cleveland, United States
Oct 30, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Oct 30, 2026
    1 site added
    Show site
    • MetroHealth System · Cleveland, United States
    + 1 other change: verification date

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06965127
Lead sponsor
Louis Stokes VA Medical Center
Collaborators
MetroHealth Medical Center, Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs
Responsible party
Nathan Makowski (Associate Professor, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center) — Principal investigator
First posted
May 11, 2025
Start date
Aug 27, 2025
Primary completion
Aug 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 2031 (estimated)
Last update
Oct 30, 2026

Study contacts

Lisa Lombardo, MPT
Contact
lisa.lombardo2@va.gov
216-791-3800 ext. 64909
Maura Malenchek, PTA
Contact
maura.malenchek@va.gov
216-791-3800 ext. 64989
Nathan Makowski, PhD
principal investigator · MetroHealth System, Ohio

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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