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CompletedNCT06644053PERL3Updated Oct 16, 2024

Exploring Locomotion Behavior of Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain (cNSLBP) Patients While Walking Through Apertures in Different Configurations: Influence of Environmental and Social Factors.

An observational study in Chronic Low Back Pain (non-specific, Uncomplicated) and Walking, sponsored by University of Rennes 2. Completed at 1 site in France. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-10-16.

Sponsored by University of Rennes 2 · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Case-control
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
36
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 114 studies in Low Back Pain with a site in France — 31 open to participants now, 34 under way, 5 of them phase 3. Low Back Pain · France.

Enrollment
23rd of 35
36 · median 80
Started
2023
with 11 others
Observational
35 of 114
5 open now
Registered
93rd of 114
by date

Among the 114 studies in Low Back Pain with a site in France, this one is the 23rd largest by enrollment of the 35 observational ones, is one of 12 that started in 2023, is one of 35 observational ones, and was the 93rd registered.

By phase

114 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

No phase61 · 22 open
Observationalthis study35 · 5 open
Phase 310 · 4 open
Phase 44 · 0 open
Phase 23 · 0 open
Phase 2/31 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 2003; this study’s year is marked. 12 started in 2023.

Size and results

Median enrollment 82 across the 79 interventional studies, 80 across the 35 observational. Of the 68 that completed or were terminated, 4 (6%) have results posted.

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02

Study summary

The biomechanical parameters studied in chronic non-specific low back pain (cNSLBP) patients in a locomotion task have so far focused on straight line walking. Although locomotion is primarily an automated action composed of repetitive patterns allowing movement from one place to another, walkers must respond to the environmental demands.These modifications show a flexible and adaptive approach to the constraints of the environment. This study focuses on a crossing task through different horizontal openings, varying the environmental context (two opening widths: one narrow and one wide) and the social context by placing an experimenter in the center of the two openings for some trials. The primary objective was to determine whether the cNSLBP affects the participant's decision to cross one of the two apertures as a function of the width of the aperture and the presence or absence of an experimenter. The secondary aim was twofold, firstly to study the kinematic variables of walking and secondly to assess the influence of pain perception variables on the choice of aperture crossed.

03

Conditions studied

  • Chronic Low Back Pain (non-specific, Uncomplicated)
  • Walking

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Keywords

  • Chronic Low back Pain
  • Crossing task paradigm
  • ecological paradigm
  • Assessment
  • Walking
  • Affordance
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Patients with chronic non-specific low back pain are recruited as part of their medical follow-up in a medical centre in France.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria Non Specific Chronic Low Back Pain patients:

  • Participants must have pain located between the thoracolumbar hinge and the lower gluteal fold, with or without pain in either leg.
  • This pain must have been present for more than 12 weeks, on a daily or almost daily basis (at least 4 days out of 7)
  • Participants must not be on any treatment or have been on stable analgesic treatment for at least 2 weeks prior to inclusion
  • Participants must speak, read and understand French
  • Participants must be between 18 and 65 years of age
  • Participants must be able to understand simple commands and experimental instructions
  • Participants must have normal or corrected vision
  • Participants must have given to participate in the study
  • Participants must be enrolled in or receiving social security benefits

Exclusion Criteria Non Specific Chronic Low Back Pain patients:

  • Participants must not be pregnant or nursing mothers.
  • Participants must not have cognitive or psychological impairments that are incompatible with compliance and/or understanding of the protocol
  • Participants must not be unable to understand informed consent, or be under guardianship or conservatorship Subjects must not already be participating in another research protocol involving the human subject or in parallel
  • Participants must not be persons deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision
  • Participants must not be under psychiatric care
  • The participants must not present neurological signs evoking a neurodegenerative disease responsible for walking disorders (parkinsonian syndrome, ...)
  • The participants must not present warning signs (red flags) pointing to an underlying pathology requiring specific and/or urgent care such as
  • Ongoing litigation following a work-related accident
  • Pain related to a cancer diagnosis
  • Associated spinal cord symptoms (pyramidal signs, coordination disorders, motor or sensory deficits, sphincter disorders, etc.)
  • Pain following an infection (night sweats, fever, chills, intravenous drug abuse, immunodeficiency, recent surgery, urinary or skin infection, etc.)
  • Recent or pathological fractures (traffic accidents, history of osteoporosis, chronic use of , advanced age, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, history of cancer, etc. )
  • Vascular problems (cold feet, decreased peripheral arterial pulse, etc.)

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria of control group :

Participants strictly meet the same inclusion and non-inclusion criteria as NSCLBP patients, but must not have ongoing chronic pain or a history of significant chronic pain (≥ 4/10 for at least 6 months). They are matched for age and gender. They must not have any pathologies that affect walking or posture. These individuals must be able to perform the studied movements without the appearance of discomfort or exaggerated fatigue.

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

05

Study design

Observational model
Case-control
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
36 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain participants

    Participants must have pain located between the thoracolumbar hinge and the lower gluteal fold, with or without pain in either leg, present for more than 12 weeks, on a daily or almost daily basis (at least 4 days out of 7).

    Behavioral: Quantified analysis of walking during a crossing task through different horizontal openings

  • Control group

    Participant with no current or past chronic pain

    Behavioral: Quantified analysis of walking during a crossing task through different horizontal openings

Interventions

  • BehavioralQuantified analysis of walking during a crossing task through different horizontal openings

    Functional test that reproduce a task of daily living

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Critical threshold for motion adaptation

    The critical threshold corresponds to the goal position at which individuals change their mode of action, i.e. the goal at which participants will cross the narrow aperture.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

Secondary outcomes

  1. Walking speed

    Speed will calculate using the first derivative of the participant's position (location of the center of each participant at each point in time).

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  2. Clearance distance

    The clearance distance corresponds to the distance between the participant and the central obstacle forming the two apertures, i.e. a pole for the condition with modified environment and a human being for the conditions with modified social factors.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  3. Shoulder rotation

    The shoulder rotation of each participant will be calculate from the horizontal coordinates of the two glenohumeral (GH) for the unobstructed straight lines and the experimental trials. The angle will be define in the horizontal plane between the GH line and the instantaneous walking direction at time where participants cross the aperture.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  4. Phase shift between the scapular and pelvic angles

    The difference between the angles of rotation of the shoulders and pelvis in the horizontal plane of each participant will be calculated from the horizontal coordinates of the displacement of the markers positioned on the two glenohumeral and on the anterior superior iliac spine for the straight-line trials with no obstacles in the path and for the experimental trials.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

Other outcomes

  1. Pain intensity

    Pain intensity reflects the overall magnitude of the patient's perceived pain experience. The investigators will assess this variable using a visual analogue scale (VAS) in paper format. The VAS is represented by a 100 mm long horizontal line with descriptors at both ends: on the left "no pain" and on the right "worst pain imaginable". The patient must then draw a mark on the line corresponding to his or her pain experience. "0" corresponds to "no pain" and "10" corresponds to "worst pain imaginable".

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  2. Levels of anxiety and depression

    Anxiety refers to fear, extreme worrying and hyperarousal symptoms. Depression refers to negative mood, loss of self-confidence, loss of motivation and pleasure. The investigators will use these measures using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). This tool consists of 14 items scored from 0 to 3. Seven questions relate to anxiety (Total A) and 7 questions to the depressive dimension (Total D), resulting in two scores with a maximum total of 21 each. The higher the score, the more anxiety or depression the person has.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  3. Pain Catastrophizing

    Catastrophizing refers to the cognitive process in which anxious patients dwell on the most negative consequences and refers here to the interpretation of pain as extremely threatening. The investigators will use the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) to assess three dimensions: rumination, amplification and helplessness. This scale consists of 13 items scored from 0 (not at all) to 4 (all the time) with a maximum score of 52. The higher the score, the greater the level of catastrophisation.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  4. Kinesiophobia

    Fear of movement is characterized by pain-related fears and anxieties that often result in avoidance of movement that could cause or worsen an injury. The investigators will use the Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK). This scale consists of 17 items rated from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with a maximum score of 68. The higher the score, the greater the level of kinesiophobia.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  5. Psychological Inflexibility in Pain

    Psychological flexibility measures psychological functioning in phase (in fusion) with the pain or whether the patient has certain degrees of freedom from it. The investigators will use the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS) allowing to assess two factors: avoidance and cognitive fusion. This scale consists of 16 items with a scale of 1 (never true) to 7 (always true). The higher the score, the greater the level of psychological inflexibility.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  6. Fear Avoidance Beliefs

    Fear and avoidance beliefs reflect patients' pain avoidance behaviors. The investigators will use the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) to assess two subscales: beliefs about work and beliefs about physical activity. The questionnaire consists of 16 items scored from 0 (absolutely disagree with the sentence) to 6 (completely agree with the sentence). The maximum score for beliefs about work is 42 and the maximum score for beliefs about physical activity is 24. The higher the score, the greater the level of beliefs.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  7. Physical functioning

    Physical functioning refers to the impact on the patient's ability to perform daily physical activities necessary to meet basic needs, ranging from self-care to more complex activities that require a combination of skills. The investigators will use the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). This questionnaire has 24 items with a maximum score of 24. The higher the score, the more functional disabilities the person has.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

  8. Quality of life assessment

    Quality of life refers to the impact on the physical, psychological, and social domains of health, considered as distinct domains that are influenced by a person's experiences, beliefs, expectations, and perceptions. The investigators will use the EuroQol 5 Dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D) allowing for the assessment of five dimensions: mobility, ability to care for oneself, usual work, home, and leisure activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety, and depression. Five degrees of severity in ascending order are used to assess each dimension: "no problems" to "total disability" for items that assess ability, and "no problem" to "extreme" for the other items. The higher the score, the lower the level of quality of life.

    Time frame: Clinical assessment at base line

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Rennes 2
    Rennes, 35000, France
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — There is not a plan to make IPD available.

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jul 2023 to primary completion in Feb 2024, 6 months.

Of 175 non-industry observational studies under Low Back Pain, half reached primary completion within 24 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 48. This study's 6 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 185 studies reached it within 24 months; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 48.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 14, 2024
First posted
Oct 16, 2024
StartActual
Jul 14, 2023
Primary completionActual
Feb 8, 2024
CompletionActual
Feb 8, 2024
Last update
Oct 16, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 16, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06644053
Lead sponsor
University of Rennes 2
Responsible party
Agathe Bilhaut (PhD, University of Rennes 2) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 16, 2024
Start date
Jul 14, 2023
Primary completion
Feb 8, 2024
Completion
Feb 8, 2024
Last update
Oct 16, 2024

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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