ClinicalTrials.gg
Status unknownNCT06510153Updated Sep 19, 2024

Music Therapy and Pre-recorded Music on Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Unit

An interventional study of Environmental Music Therapy and Pre-recorded music in Anxiety, Stress and Well-Being, Psychological, sponsored by Claudia Aristizábal. Status unknown at 2 sites in Colombia. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-09-19.

Primary conditionPsychological Well-BeingRegistry: Anxiety DisordersReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Anxiety Disorders — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Psychological Well-Being
Why
  1. The registry often attaches Anxiety Disorders to studies about something else, and this study's title and listed conditions do not name it.
  2. The study's listed conditions name Psychological Well-Being.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Claudia Aristizábal · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

The sponsor has not verified this record recently (last verified Sep 2024), so the status shown — last known as Recruiting — may be out of date.

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
243
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 10 studies in Psychological Well-Being with a site in Colombia — 1 open to participants now, 2 under way, none of them phase 3. Psychological Well-Being · Colombia.

Started
2024
with 1 other
No phase
8 of 10
1 open now
Registered
6th of 10
by date
Lead sponsor
2 of 10
Claudia Aristizábal

Among the 10 studies in Psychological Well-Being with a site in Colombia, this one is one of 2 that started in 2024, is one of 8 with no phase, and was the 6th registered.

Psychological Well-Being

2,195 studies on the registry are indexed under Psychological Well-Being; 728 are open to participants now.

Browse Psychological Well-Being studies →

Open to participants now

1 of the 10 studies in Psychological Well-Being with a site in Colombia is open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

A study can be open while its sites in Colombia have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Colombia →

Who these studies take

Of the 401 Psychological Well-Being studies recruiting now, 218 (54%) set no upper age limit and 157 (39%) stop at 75 or younger; 120 take children under 18; 204 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 10 studies in Psychological Well-Being with a site in Colombia, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Patients and caregivers attending emergency units often experience elevated levels of stress and anxiety. Music has been used in waiting rooms to reduce stress and anxiety, but existing studies on music in emergency unit waiting areas are scarce and have limitations such as low statistical power and limited music selection. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of live Environmental Music Therapy (EMT) and pre-recorded music on state-anxiety, stress, pain and well-being levels in patients and caregivers in the emergency unit waiting areas of two hospitals in Colombia.

This study is a multi-center randomized clinical trial, with three arms: standard care + live EMT, standard care + pre-recorded music, and standard care only. The primary outcome measure is the six-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6). Secondary outcome measures are pain and stress levels, both measured with a Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), and well-being, measured with the Well-Being Numerical Rating Scales (WB-NRSs). The scales will be applied before and after each intervention.

This study seeks to contribute to improving mental health, wellbeing, and quality of care of patients and caregivers in the waiting area of the emergency units. This is the first study in Colombia investigating the effect live music therapy and pre-recorded music interventions in the emergency department.

Read the detailed description

Main objective:

To determine the effect of standard care+ EMT or pre-recorded music on the state-anxiety, stress, pain, and wellbeing levels of anxiety-state, stress, pain, and well-being in adult patients and in the emergency waiting rooms of the Clínica Keralty Ibagué and Clínica Iberoamérica as compared to standard care alone.

Secondary objectives:

  • Compare the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of study participants according to the assigned intervention group.
  • Evaluate the effect of EMT and pre-recorded music compared to the control group on state anxiety, stress, and wellbeing levels in adult patients and caregivers/companions in the emergency waiting rooms.
  • Evaluate the effect of EMT and pre-recorded music compared to the control group on pain levels in patients in the emergency waiting rooms.
  • Determine the variables that modify the effect of the interventions on primary and secondary outcomes in adult patients and their caregivers/companions in the emergency waiting rooms.

Methods Study Design

This study is a ramdomized clinical trial, multi-center, and pragmatic with three parallel arms - open label:

  • Intervention Group 1 (GI1): Standard care + EMT
  • Intervention Group 2 (GI2): Standard care + pre-recorded music
  • Control Group (CG): Standard care alone

Study participants Study participants are adult patients and caregivers/companions in the emergency waiting room of both hospitals.

Concealment The concealment of the random assignment will be guaranteed using sealed, sequentially numbered, and opaque envelopes. The carbon paper inside the envelope will transfer the details of the random number and the group to which it is assigned (A, B or C). The envelopes will be sealed with tamper-proof security tape and opened sequentially on each day of intervention. The envelopes will be kept in a folder that will be kept on a locked shelf inside each clinic, which will be in custody by the research assistant at each participating clinic. The envelope will be opened 10 minutes before the start of the intervention to give the music therapists time to organize their equipment and instruments.

03

Conditions studied

  • Anxiety
  • Stress
  • Well-Being, Psychological

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Music Therapy
  • Recorded Music
  • Anxiety
  • Stress
  • Wellbeing
  • Emergency Care
  • Waiting Room
04

In context

Psychological Well-Being Reclassified

2,195 studies on the registry are indexed under Psychological Well-Being; 728 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 243 is above the median of 110 across 1,798 interventional studies indexed under Psychological Well-Being.

Browse Psychological Well-Being studies →

Lead sponsor

Claudia Aristizábal is the lead sponsor of 9 studies on the registry; 5 are open to participants now.

Compared within Psychological Well-Being, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Anxiety Disorders. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients and caregivers/companions of legal age present in the emergency waiting room present during the intervention and control conditions.
  • Patients whose triage does not represent immediate threat to life or severely ill patients (i.e., triage 3, 4 and 5)
  • Patients and caregivers/companions with literacy skills.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients and caregivers/companions who report having hearing problems
  • Patients and caregivers/companions with difficulties in understanding and/or filling out the questionnaires.
  • Patients and/or caregivers/companions who do not consent to participate in the study.
06

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
243 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Environmental Music Therapy

    Environmental Music Therapy (EMT) is a music therapy technique that uses live music to modulate the potentially stressful effects of the environment towards an atmosphere that provides a sense of comfort and security. The instruments used will be an acoustic guitar (Yamaha C-40), an ocean drum (a drum with a double skin on which small metal balls roll imitating the sound of the waves) and a Samafon (an instrument consisting of aluminum tubes of different sizes that are struck with a soft mallet producing long-lasting single or combined tones). The music will consist of improvised music at a slow to moderate tempo, using free-flowing melodies, and simple chord progressions, focusing on creating moments of tension and resolution. The music therapist will also use his/her voice, but without any lyrics or words. After approximately 20 minutes, the music therapist will gradually decrease the volume until the music stops.

    Other: Environmental Music Therapy

  • Experimental
    Pre-recorded music

    The protocol for pre-recorded music is the same as for EMT, but instead of using live improvised music, a recording will be used that will consist of the same musical features and musical instruments as the live music. The recording will be made by the same music therapists who will perform the EMT intervention.

    Other: Pre-recorded music

  • Placebo comparator
    Standard care only

    The control group will receive standard care in the emergency room waiting room as provided by each hospital, but without being exposed to EMT or pre-recorded music.

    Other: Standard care only

Interventions

  • OtherEnvironmental Music Therapy

    The music will consist of improvised music at a slow to moderate tempo, using free-flowing melodies, and simple chord progressions, focusing on creating moments of tension and resolution during approximately 20 minutes.

  • OtherPre-recorded music

    The protocol for pre-recorded music is the same as for EMT.

  • OtherStandard care only

    Standard care in the emergency room waiting room as provided by each hospital without being exposed to EMT or pre-recorded music.

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. State-anxiety

    It will be measured with the Spanish version of the state scale of the six-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6) scored on a Likert scale from 1 "absence of anxiety" to 4 "high anxiety".

    Time frame: The intervention will have a duration of twenty minutes. The STAI-6 will be administered prior to the intervention and immediately following its conclusion.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Stress

    Stress levels will be measured by the Visual Analogue Stress Scale (VAS-S). The VAS-S consists of a 10-centimeter line divided into 10 points, each separated by 1 centimeter. 0 means the complete absence of stress and 10 the maximum possible stress. A cut-off of 7 points has been established as a significant stress level.

    Time frame: The intervention will have a duration of twenty minutes. The VAS-S will be administered prior to the intervention and immediately following its conclusion.

  2. Pain (patients only)

    Perceived pain levels by patients will be measured with the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS-P) consisting of a line of 10 centimeters divided into 10 points, each separated by 1 centimeter, where 0 means complete absence of pain and 10 the maximum possible pain.

    Time frame: The intervention will have a duration of twenty minutes. The VAS-P will be administered prior to the intervention and immediately following its conclusion.

  3. Wellbeing

    Well-being will be measured by the Well-being Numerical Rating Scales (WB-NRSs) consisting of a line divided into numbers from 1 to 10, where 1 indicates a state of absolute distress, and 10 a state of absolute well-being.

    Time frame: The intervention will have a duration of twenty minutes. The WB-NRS will be administered prior to the intervention and immediately following its conclusion.

08

Study locations

2 of 2 sites recruiting
  • Clínica Iberoamérica
    Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
    Recruiting
    • Mark Ettenberger, PhD · Contactmark.ettenberger@gmx.at · +57 311 2847635
    • Ana Diaz · Sub investigator
    • Raúl Suarez · Sub investigator
    • Ornella Moreno · Sub investigator
  • Clínica Keralty Ibagué
    Ibague, Tolima Department, Colombia
    Recruiting
    • Mark Ettenberger, PhD · Contactmark.ettenberger@gmx.at · +57 311 2847635
    • Angélica Hernandez, MSc · Sub investigator
    • Ana Moreno · Sub investigator
    • Bryan Ríos · Sub investigator
    • Alexandra Cristancho · Sub investigator
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Hernandez A, Diaz AM, Moreno OF, Suarez R, Amarillo M, Moreno AM, Rios Suarez BA, Gomez Gonzalez LM, Cristancho Olaya GA, Ettenberger M. Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Prerecorded Music on State Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Well-Being Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Department Waiting Room: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2025 Jun 18;14:e69131. doi: 10.2196/69131. PubMed 40531567 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — When the study ends, individual participant data could be shared with the approval of the research ethics committee.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jul 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Aug 2025, 13 months after the start.

Of 1,261 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Psychological Well-Being, half reached primary completion within 17 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 34. This study's planned 13 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,304 studies reached it within 16 months; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 34.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jul 8, 2024
First posted
Jul 19, 2024
StartActual
Jul 31, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Aug 31, 2025
CompletionEst.
Sep 30, 2025
Last update
Sep 19, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 19, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06510153
Lead sponsor
Claudia Aristizábal
Collaborators
Sanitas University
Responsible party
Claudia Aristizábal (Director, Sanitas University) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jul 19, 2024
Start date
Jul 31, 2024
Primary completion
Aug 31, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Sep 30, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 19, 2024

Study contacts

Mark Ettenberger, PhD
Contact
mark.ettenberger@gmx.at
+57 311 2847635
Mark Ettenberger, PhD
principal investigator · keralty

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is status unknown, as verified in Sep 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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