Care Package for Postoperative Constipation

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• Constipation 1,041

Keywords

• Constipation Risk
• Constipation Severity
• Nursing
• Care
• Constipation

Constipation

1,041 studies on the registry are indexed under Constipation; 139 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 102 is above the median of 78 across 867 interventional studies indexed under Constipation.

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Kubra KAYA as lead sponsor.

Study arms

• No intervention
  Control Group

  Patients in the CG received routine postoperative clinical interventions.

• Experimental
  Study Group

  Patients in the SG received a care package including warm water intake, abdominal massage, and a high-fiber diet.

  Other: Warm water intake · Other: High-fiber diet · Other: Abdominal massage

Interventions

• OtherWarm water intake

  Nurses assessed the patients' gag and swallow reflexes in the SG. Patients who experienced nausea after reflex assessment were considered to have positive reflexes and were administered warm water. Packaged water was boiled in a kettle and poured into 200 mL disposable cups. After cooling the water to 38-40°C using a thermometer, patients were instructed to drink it within 3 min.

• OtherHigh-fiber diet

  After initiating oral intake, the patients collaborated with a dietitian to incorporate high-fiber foods containing 30 g of fiber daily into their meal menus.

• OtherAbdominal massage

  Patients in the SG received abdominal massages twice a day, in the morning from 08:00 to 09:00 and in the evening from 19:00 to 20:00, for 15 min per session, starting one day postoperatively.

Primary outcomes

1. Part 1: Demographic Characteristics Form:

   The first section included questions about the patient's sex, marital status, date of birth, education level, presence of a companion, employment status, presence of chronic diseases, use of continuous medications, type of surgery, general dietary habits, place of residence, bowel habits before surgery, and regular exercise habits. This form was administered to the patients one day before surgery.

   Time frame: up to 4 weeks

2. Part 2: Constipation Risk Assessment Scale

   This scale, developed by Richmond and Wright, has been tested for reliability and validity in Turkish by Koca et al. (2011) \[18,19\]. The original version of the scale had a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.50; however, it was determined to be 0.43 in the Turkish version \[18,19\]. Written permission to use the scale was obtained from Koca Kutlu et al. The scale constituted four sections, and scores were assigned at the end of each section. The total score was the sum of the section scores. The score range was 0-63, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of constipation\[18\]. Individuals scoring ≤10 were classified into the low-risk group, those scoring 11-15 into the moderate-risk group, and those scoring ≥ 16 into the high-risk group. This form was administered to the patients one day before surgery.

   Time frame: up to 4 weeks

3. Part 3: Visual Analog Scale (VAS):

   ): The VAS was first used by Pamuk et al. (2003) to determine symptoms related to constipation \[20\]. Symptoms such as straining, incomplete bowel emptying, constipation, pressure sensation in the rectum, severity of gas formation, and pain in the rectum were measured using the VAS. Low scores indicated mild symptoms, whereas high scores indicated severe symptoms. The VAS was administered to patients one day before surgery (T0) and one (T1), two (T2), three (T3), and four (T4) days postoperatively.

   Time frame: up to 4 weeks