ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06375122Updated Nov 3, 2026

Natural History Study of Kaposi Sarcoma

An observational study in Kaposi Sarcoma and HIV, sponsored by National Cancer Institute (NCI). Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 120 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-03.

Sponsored by National Cancer Institute (NCI) · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started May 2024; still recruiting 2 years 5 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
150
Ages
18 Years to 120 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Background:

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a type of tumor caused by the Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus. KS usually affects the skin, but lesions can also appear in the lymph nodes, lungs and digestive tract. KS is most common in people with compromised immunity, but it also appears in otherwise healthy people. Researchers want to understand more about how KS develops, why it may recur, and how it affects the immune system and organs.

Objective:

To learn more about the natural history of KS.

Eligibility:

People aged 18 years and older with KS.

Design:

Participants will be screened. They will have a physical exam with blood tests. They will have an imaging scan. They may need a new biopsy: Tissue samples may be cut from their tumor. Their ability to perform normal activities will be assessed.

Participants will visit the clinic to have their KS evaluated. In addition to the imaging scans and other tests performed during screening, procedures may include:

Eye exam.

Ultrasound exam of the heart (electrocardiogram).

Collection of saliva and urine samples.

Biopsies of the skin or lymph nodes.

Swabs of the anus and cervix.

Photographs of skin lesions.

Removal of fluid samples from the space around the lungs, intestine, or heart.

The evaluation visit will be repeated 5 more times over 18 months and then yearly for up to 10 years.

Participants will follow their standard treatment for KS during the study.

Read the detailed description

Background:

  • Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric angioproliferative tumor caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) that most frequently involves skin, but can also involve lymph nodes, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. It is most common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other forms of immune compromise.
  • Patients with HIV-associated KS have worse survival than HIV-infected patients without KS.
  • KS can occur alone or with other KSHV-associated disorders such as multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), or KSHV-associated inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS).
  • The natural history of KS is incompletely understood as it occurs in different epidemiologic subtypes (including those with HIV, particularly among individuals with well-controlled HIV and robust CD4 T cell counts, and those who are HIV-negative).
  • The longitudinal evaluations along with tissue sample collection, imaging studies, and participant reported outcomes will allow for the development of a better understanding of the natural history of this disease, and the development of the basis for more effective treatments.

Objective:

-To characterize the natural history of KS, including presentation, manifestation, and proportion of participants with KS with remission and recurrence by epidemiologic subtype

Eligibility:

  • Participants with histologically confirmed KS
  • Age >=18 years
  • No active KICS, MCD, or PEL

Design:

  • This will be a long-term trial to comprehensively study participants with KS.
  • Medical history including HIV characteristics, research specimens such as KS tissue, blood and saliva will be obtained through the course of KS management with specific attention to patterns related to disease recurrence and progression, response to therapies, and duration of response.
  • Outcomes and factors that influence the onset and persistence of KS over the natural history of this condition will be explored in collaboration with other centers that treat participants with KS.
  • We anticipate accruing 230 participants on this protocol.
02

Conditions studied

  • Kaposi Sarcoma
  • HIV

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Kaposi Sarcoma
  • Samples and data collection
  • Longitudinal clinical evaluations
03

In context

Sarcoma, Kaposi

161 studies on the registry are indexed under Sarcoma, Kaposi; 24 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 150 is below the median of 200 across 23 observational studies indexed under Sarcoma, Kaposi.

Browse Sarcoma, Kaposi studies →

Lead sponsor

National Cancer Institute (NCI) is the lead sponsor of 3,556 studies on the registry; 336 are open to participants now.

Of its 411 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 373 (91%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 120 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

People with Kaposi sarcoma

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

Participants must have histological KS confirmed by the Laboratory of Pathology (LP), NCI.

  • KS as assessed by cutaneous or oral KS lesions or other assessable KS disease.
  • Age >=18 years.
  • performance status \<=4.
  • Ability of participant to understand and the willingness to sign a written document.

Exclusion criteria

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

  • Participants with active KSHV-associated inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), or primary effusion lymphoma (PEL).
  • Participants with serious and/or uncontrolled severe intercurrent illness, such as opportunistic infections, that in the judgement of the investigator would preclude participation in the study.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

ECOG performance status

A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.

0
Fully active, no restrictions.
1
Limited in strenuous activity, but walking and able to do light work, such as housework or office work.
2
Walking and able to look after yourself, but unable to work; up and about more than half of waking hours.
3
Able to look after yourself only in part; in bed or a chair more than half of waking hours.
4
Unable to look after yourself at all; in bed or a chair all day.

Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
150 participants (estimated)

Groups and cohorts

  • Cohort 1

    Participants with Kaposi sarcoma

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. To characterize the natural history of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), including presentation, manifestation, and proportion of participants with KS with remission and recurrence by epidemiologic subtype

    Assessment of the proportion of participants with KS by epidemiologic subtype who experience remission and recurrent KS over the course of the disease

    Time frame: 10 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. To evaluate differences in rates of KS recurrence by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and CD4 T cell count

    Assess the proportion of recurrence by HIV status and by CD4 T cell count.

    Time frame: 10 years

  2. To evaluate the emergence of KSHV-associated inflammatory syndromes in the natural history of KS

    Evaluate the proportion of participants with the emergence of KICS, MCD and/or PEL during the course of the natural history evaluation. Evaluation of parameters of CBC, acute, hepatic, mineral panels and CRP may provide predictive markers for the emergence of these conditions.

    Time frame: 10 years

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
    Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Bhutani M, Polizzotto MN, Uldrick TS, Yarchoan R. Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-associated malignancies: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and advances in treatment. Semin Oncol. 2015 Apr;42(2):223-46. doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.12.027. Epub 2014 Dec 31. PubMed 25843728 ↗
  • Robbins HA, Pfeiffer RM, Shiels MS, Li J, Hall HI, Engels EA. Excess cancers among HIV-infected people in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015 Feb 6;107(4):dju503. doi: 10.1093/jnci/dju503. Print 2015 Apr. PubMed 25663691 ↗
  • Ballon G, Akar G, Cesarman E. Systemic expression of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) Vflip in endothelial cells leads to a profound proinflammatory phenotype and myeloid lineage remodeling in vivo. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Jan 21;11(1):e1004581. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004581. eCollection 2015 Jan. PubMed 25607954 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — This study will comply with the NIH Data Management and Sharing (DMS) Policy, which applies to all new and ongoing NIH-funded research in the IRP, as of January 25, 2023, that is associated with a ZIA, with a clinical protocol that undergoes scientific review.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Informed consent form

Time frame: Clinical data available during the study and indefinitely.

Access criteria: Clinical data will be made available via subscription to BTRIS and with the permission of the study PI.

09

Timeline

2 registry updates since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started May 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2034, 127 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Apr 18, 2024
First posted
Apr 19, 2024
StartActual
May 15, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Dec 31, 2034
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2036
Last update
Nov 3, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
Minor edits
Nothing that changes what the study is or who can join. Edited: verification date
2 updates, last Nov 3, 2026
Show all 2 updates
  1. Nov 3, 2026
    Minor edits only
    + 1 other change: verification date
  2. Oct 16, 2026
    Minor edits only
    + 1 other change: verification date

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06375122
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Apr 19, 2024
Start date
May 15, 2024
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2034 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2036 (estimated)
Last update
Nov 3, 2026

Study contacts

Irene B Ekwede, R.N.
Contact
irene.ekwede@nih.gov
(240) 760-6126
Ramya M Ramaswami, M.D.
Contact
ramya.ramaswami@nih.gov
(240) 506-1088
Ramya M Ramaswami, M.D.
principal investigator · National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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