A Phase 3 interventional study of hormonal treatment with cross sex hormones (testosterone or oestrogenes) started at 14 years old +/- 6 months and Cross sex hormones ( œstrogenes or testosterone) started at 15.5 years old +/- 6 months in Gender Dysphoria, sponsored by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris. Recruiting at 4 sites in France. Open to participants aged 156 Months to 168 Months. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-10.
Sponsored by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment
Gender dysphoria (GD) is a significant suffering lasting more than 6 months in a subject, with regard to the discrepancy felt between his or her gender identity and his or her birth sex. From the onset of puberty, most of these self-identified transgender adolescents will persist in their transgender identity and will undergo hormonal and surgical reassignment when the time comes. International best practice guidelines recommend early treatment from the start of pubertal development to block pubertal progression, with the possibility of hormonal transition by administering sex hormones of the desired sex usually around the age of 15.5. However, in order to reduce the psychosocial consequences of GD, more and more referral teams are carrying out this transition from the age of 13.5, although no study has been published to show its benefit compared with a transition at the age of 15.5. In the absence of treatment, co-morbidity among adolescents suffering from gender dysphoria is very high, with anxiety-depressive states, suicidal risk and dropping out of school in the forefront. Our hypothesis is that hormonal transition started at an age closer to physiological puberty can significantly reduce this comorbidity and improve quality of life for these adolescents. This is the first therapeutic trial to be conducted in France in the transgender adolescent population, in an area where international recommendations based on the principles of Evidence Based Medicine are essentially derived from the clinical expertise of teams who have specialized in the care of transgender people for over forty years, while clinical data derived from structured research are still very scarce.
The results of this study will guide the care of transgender adolescents, allowing them, if the study is positive, to access hormonal treatments earlier and thus more quickly improve their overall functioning, anxiety-depressive symptoms and their quality of life.
Multicenter, controlled, randomized, open trial with blinded evaluation of the primary endpoint (Prospective Open Blinding Endpoint PROBE study). Randomization will be stratified by sex assigned at birth and the investigating center. The primary analysis will be intention-to-treat and multiple imputation methods will be used to handle missing data. After verification of the inclusion criteria by the child psychiatrist (selection visit), then the pediatric endocrinologist (inclusion visit), the adolescent will be included in the study and will benefit from an initial evaluation (T0) by a psychologist trained for the primary criterion (CGAS) and secondary psycho-affective criteria.The patients will then be sent again to the pediatric endocrinologist who will randomize the patient (via an IT platform) and give them the treatment corresponding to their assigned group. Adolescents in both groups will be reassessed at 15.5 years +/- 6 months (T1). At the end of this evaluation, patients in the control group will begin their hormonal treatment. Adolescents will undergo a final evaluation at 17.5 years +/- 6 months (T2), at which time the same criteria as at T0 and T1 will be collected.
Main objective: To evaluate, in gender dysphoric adolescents, having completed their social transition, having or not undergone prior pubertal suppression, the effectiveness of hormonal treatment with estrogens or testosterone initiated at 13.5 years +/- 6 months of age on the overall functioning of the teenager at 15.5 years +/- 6 months old.
Primary endpoint: Children's Global Assesment Scale (CGAS) score at age 15.5 +/- 6 months
Secondary objectives : Evaluate, in gender dysphoric adolescents who have completed their social transition, whether or not they have benefited from prior pubertal suppression:
85 studies on the registry are indexed under Gender Dysphoria; 38 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 60 is close to the median of 55 across 31 interventional studies indexed under Gender Dysphoria.
Browse Gender Dysphoria studies →Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris is the lead sponsor of 3,592 studies on the registry; 1,033 are open to participants now.
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Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
A blood test of average blood sugar over the past two to three months, given as a percentage or in mmol/mol. 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or more is the usual threshold for diabetes, normally confirmed by a second test.
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Contraindication
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HbA1c
A blood test of average blood sugar over the past two to three months, given as a percentage or in mmol/mol. 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or more is the usual threshold for diabetes, normally confirmed by a second test.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Metastases
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
early hormonal treatment initiated at 13.5 years +/- 6 months, in addition to usual care
Drug: hormonal treatment with cross sex hormones (testosterone or oestrogenes) started at 14 years old +/- 6 months
Usual care between 13.5 and 15.5 years +/- 6 months : child psychiatric consultations, endocrinological consultations and consultations with a psychologist, family interviews, network work with local health partners and national education. Then hormonal treatment initiated at 15.5 years +/- 6 months, in addition to usual care.
Drug: Cross sex hormones ( œstrogenes or testosterone) started at 15.5 years old +/- 6 months
4 years of follow up (FU) with evaluation at T0 (13.5 years old +/- 6 months), T1 (15.5 years old +/-6 months) and T2 (17.5 years old+/- 6 months) with eather ANDROGEL® 16.2 mg/g, gel (testostérone) or ESTREVA® 0.1 %, gel ou 1.3 PROVAMES® 1 mg, cp (oestrogenes)
2 years of hormonal treatment from 15.5 old +/- 6 months to 17.5 years old +/- 6 months
Global functionning using the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)
The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), adapted from the Global Assessment Scale for adults, is a rating of general functioning for children and young people until 16 years old. The clinician assesses a range of aspects of psychological and social functioning and gives the child or young person a single score between 1 and 100, based on their lowest level of functioning. The score puts them in one of ten categories that range from "needs constant supervision" (1-10) to "superior functioning" (91-100). The measure can be used by clinicians as well as researchers to complement other scales measuring more specific symptoms.
Time frame: 15.5 years old +/- 6 months
Drug use (DEP-ADO)
Drug use: assessed by specific questions via the DEP-ADO questionnaire (screening grid for problem substance use among adolescents). Dep-Ado is a 15 minutes questionnaire to evaluate alcohol and substance use adolescent population aged 12 to 17 years. No problem if total score \<12; warning of \>12 et \<19; pathological use needing intervention if \>20
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
WISC-V (weschler Test)
cognitive test with 4 subscales (verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, logical score, working memory index, processing speed index). IQ is calculated. If \<80, it is an non inclusion criteria. Normal range between 80 and 120. when \> 120 précocity
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
UGDS (Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale ) and GIDYQ-AA (Gender Identity/ Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults scale )
The Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale (UGDS) is a validated, 12-item screening measure for both adults and adolescents used extensively in gender clinics to assess gender dysphoria. Minimal score= 12; max=60. two versions (AFAB, AMAB)
Time frame: selection visit ; T1 (15.5 years old +/-6 months) ; T2 (17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used psychometric tests for measuring the severity of depression.Min = 0 Max = 39 Between 0 and 3 = no Dépression
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 mois); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 monhs); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Body Image Scale (BIS)
The 10-item BIS was developed to assess changes in body image assessed with a four-point scale from "not at all" to "very much." High scores indicate higher body image.(Min=30, Max=150 )
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
State and Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C)
STAI-C includes 20-items that describe anxiety experiences a person might experience (e.g., item 6-"I worry too much"©). For each item, participants choose one of three options that indicate how often they experience the described situation - "hardly-ever", "sometimes" or "often"; these options are scored with 1, 2, and 3 points, respectively (total score range: 20-60). Higher scores indicate higher anxiety
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 mois); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 monhs); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
World Health Organization Quality Of Life - BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)
This 26-item instrument measures four fields, i.e. physical health, mental health, social relations and the environment. The analysis is based on the scores generated for each field (no overall score can be calculated). The user manual is comprehensive, which makes the instrument easy to use (WHO, 1996). While some studies call into question the construct validity (D'Abundo et al., 2011), the WHOQOL-BREF is generally recognized as a reliable, valid instrument to assess quality of life and is widely used in the literature for clinical and population-based surveys (Oliveira, Carvalho and Esteves, 2016; Skevington, Lotfy and O'Connell, 2004).
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)
The SWLS is a short 5-item instrument designed to measure global cognitive judgments of satisfaction with one's life. The scale usually requires only about one minute of a respondent's time.Min=5, Max=35. The higher score means a greater satisfaction with life
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Height, bone mineral density, BMI, waist to hip ratio
MI is a measurement of a person's leanness or corpulence based on their height and weight, and is intended to quantify tissue mass
Time frame: inclusion visit (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)
To assess the 17 most common psychiatric disorders and suicidality in DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and DSM-5 and ICD-10. The MINI was designed as a brief structured diagnostic interview to meet the need for a short but accurate structured psychiatric interview for multicenter clinical trials and epidemiology studies and to be used as a first step in outcome tracking in nonresearch clinical settings.
Time frame: selection visit ; T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
The emotional and sexual relationship
The emotional and sexual relationship assessed by specific questions
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
School drop-out / family breakdown
School drop-out / family breakdown assessed by specific questions
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Global Assesment Scale (GAS)
assess the adolescent's overall functioning, heteroquestionnaire, score from 1 to 100, on file and after 30-minute interview
Time frame: T2 : 17.5 years old +/-6 months
Potential side-effects
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) scale
Emotional disorders and possible comorbidities assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) score, parent self-questionnaire, 15 minutes
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Youth Self Report (YSR) scale
Emotional disorders and possible comorbidities: assessed by the Youth Self Report (YSR) self-questionnaire, 15 minutes
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
Suicidal risk
Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS score \>4), in case of suicidal ideation identified through the MINI
Time frame: T0 (13.5 years old +/-6 months); T1 (15.5 years old+/-6 months); T2 ( 17.5 years old +/-6 months)
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