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CompletedNCT06205511SWISHUpdated Aug 27, 2026

The Prevalence of Oral HPV Infection and Oral Lesions in People Living With HIV

An observational study in Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Papilloma Virus, sponsored by Vivent Health. Completed at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-27.

Sponsored by Vivent Health · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Enrollment
300
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

The study will evaluate 300 people living with HIV that attend the Vivent Clinic for HIV care. We will characterize our population and include age, race/ethnicity, sex at birth, tobacco use, alcohol use, other comorbidities, HPV vaccination status, other HPV disease, and lab values such as CD4 count and HIV viral load. We will compare results between participants who are HPV positive and negative. We will also evaluate the relationship between HPV oral infections and lesions and the variables above to better understand possible predictors of HPV infections and lesions.

Read the detailed description

Vivent Health is a non-profit medical home model dedicated to the primary care of People Living with HIV (PLWH) and also provides pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), Hepatitis C, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment. The organization has clinics in Wisconsin (multiple cities), Denver, St. Louis, Austin and Kansas City. All insurances except Kaiser are honored and non-insured people are able to be seen. The Denver medical clinic is a designated medical home that provides adult primary medical and specialty care to approximately 1000 + PLWH. In additional to medical care, this clinic has an onsite pharmacy, case management, HIV and Hepatitis C prevention department, syringe access program, legal department, housing specialists, food bank, a mental health program and dental services. Vivent Health in Denver cares for a diverse population with approximately 11% African-American, 13% Latino, and a recently increasing percentage of women around 13%. This clinic has a strong Electronic Health Record System (EHR- Epic) which provides ample opportunity to recruit a robust study population to investigate the following co-morbidities which might increase the risk of oral HPV infection and related lesions. Given the lack of recommended routine screening for oral HPV in the absence of established masses or lesions, there is a wealth of opportunities to investigate risk factors associated with the presence and prevalence of oral HPV which, in turn, can potentially be used to inform screening and treatment protocols. This proposal is designed to evaluate the prevalence of oral HPV infections and associated oral lesions and associated demographics in HIV treatment clinic.

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Conditions studied

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • Human Papilloma Virus

Keywords

  • HPV
  • HIV
  • SWISH
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In context

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

2,040 studies on the registry are indexed under Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; 272 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 300 is above the median of 236 across 355 observational studies indexed under Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

Browse Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome studies →

Lead sponsor

Vivent Health is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Probability sample

Study population

HIV positive patients of the Vivent Health Denver clinic.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Documented HIV test on any FDA-approved HIV test
  2. Ability and willingness of participant to provide informed consent
  3. Capable of performing an oral swish and spit sample collection
  4. Willingness to have an oral exam by Denver Vivent Health Dentist
  5. Has had at least two visits at the Vivent Health Denver clinic
  6. Study participant allows demographics and medical history/laboratory results in electronic medical records to be confidentially evaluated.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Any medical or mental health diagnosis that the study team concludes would prohibits participation of the protocol
  2. CD4 count \< 200 cells/ml
  3. History of Oral/tongue cancer
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Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Enrollment
300 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Main Group

    Single group, observational cross-sectional cohort.

    Diagnostic Test: Oral HPV Sample

Interventions

  • Diagnostic testOral HPV Sample

    The study participant will be asked to provide an oral swish and spit sample. This sample collection will follow the procedure published by (Herrero et al 2013). The specimen is collected by a 15-second rinse followed by a 15-second gargle using 15 ml of an alcohol-based mouth wash such as a commercially available product, Scope. The 15-ml samples will then be stored at -20 and then shipped on dry ice to Dr. Anna Giuliano's laboratory in Tampa Florida for HPV testing. At present Dr. Giuliano's laboratory is using the DDL SPF10 LiPA assay for sample analysis. An oral exam will be performed for each patient by the Vivent Dentist within 30 days of the collection of the HPV sample. If a referral is needed to an oral surgeon or Ears, Nose, and Throat specialist this will be done within 60 days of the dentist visit. The HPV results will not be shared with the participants as these are research study results and not part of standard of care.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. HPV Prevalence in people living with HIV

    To evaluate the prevalence of positive oral HPV in a population of PLWH and to compare prevalence rate with the historically documented prevalence rates in the general population

    Time frame: single visit study for participants and will collect 300 oral samples at the visit and will analyze samples and statistics after completion of enrolling 300 participants in approximately 18 months from the start study

Secondary outcomes

  1. Demographics of other factors to oral HPV

    To evaluate the correlation of HIV disease factors and demographics in study participatants including CD4 nadir, recent CD4, recent viral load, sexual activity, HPV vaccination status , age, sex, and race compared to participants with samples that are positive for oral HPV

    Time frame: This is a single visit study for participants and will collect 300 oral samples at the visit and will analyze samples and will compare participant demographics with HIV disease state in approximately 18 months from the start study

  2. Correlation of other factors to oral HPV

    To evaluate the correlation of factors including CD4 nadir, recent CD4, recent viral load, sexual activity, HPV vaccination status, age, sex, and race with the prevalence of oral HPV

    Time frame: This is a single visit study for participants analyze samples and participant demographic in approximately 18 months from the start study

  3. Oral lesion prevalence with HPV positive samples

    To evaluate the prevalence of oral lesions in patients who test positive for oral HPV through screening

    Time frame: This is a single visit study for participants and will analyze samples and participant demographics with any oral lesions in approximately 18 months from the start study

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Study locations

3 sites
  • Vivent Health
    Denver, Colorado 80220, United States
  • Vivent Health- St. Louis
    St Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
  • Vivent Health- Milwaukee
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212, United States
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References and documents

Publications

  • Chaturvedi AK, Graubard BI, Broutian T, Pickard RKL, Tong ZY, Xiao W, Kahle L, Gillison ML. Effect of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination on Oral HPV Infections Among Young Adults in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Jan 20;36(3):262-267. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.75.0141. Epub 2017 Nov 28. PubMed 29182497 ↗
  • Deeken JF, Tjen-A-Looi A, Rudek MA, Okuliar C, Young M, Little RF, Dezube BJ. The rising challenge of non-AIDS-defining cancers in HIV-infected patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov;55(9):1228-35. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis613. Epub 2012 Jul 9. PubMed 22776851 ↗
  • Grulich AE, van Leeuwen MT, Falster MO, Vajdic CM. Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2007 Jul 7;370(9581):59-67. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61050-2. PubMed 17617273 ↗
  • Patel P, Hanson DL, Sullivan PS, Novak RM, Moorman AC, Tong TC, Holmberg SD, Brooks JT; Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of Disease Project and HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. Incidence of types of cancer among HIV-infected persons compared with the general population in the United States, 1992-2003. Ann Intern Med. 2008 May 20;148(10):728-36. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-148-10-200805200-00005. PubMed 18490686 ↗
  • McQuillan G, Kruszon-Moran D, Markowitz LE, Unger ER, Paulose-Ram R. Prevalence of HPV in Adults Aged 18-69: United States, 2011-2014. NCHS Data Brief. 2017 Apr;(280):1-8. PubMed 28463105 ↗
  • Rodriguez AC, Schiffman M, Herrero R, Wacholder S, Hildesheim A, Castle PE, Solomon D, Burk R; Proyecto Epidemiologico Guanacaste Group. Rapid clearance of human papillomavirus and implications for clinical focus on persistent infections. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008 Apr 2;100(7):513-7. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djn044. Epub 2008 Mar 25. PubMed 18364507 ↗
  • Plummer M, Schiffman M, Castle PE, Maucort-Boulch D, Wheeler CM; ALTS Group. A 2-year prospective study of human papillomavirus persistence among women with a cytological diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. J Infect Dis. 2007 Jun 1;195(11):1582-9. doi: 10.1086/516784. Epub 2007 Apr 16. PubMed 17471427 ↗
  • Shiels MS, Althoff KN, Pfeiffer RM, Achenbach CJ, Abraham AG, Castilho J, Cescon A, D'Souza G, Dubrow R, Eron JJ, Gebo K, John Gill M, Goedert JJ, Grover S, Hessol NA, Justice A, Kitahata M, Mayor A, Moore RD, Napravnik S, Novak RM, Thorne JE, Silverberg MJ, Engels EA; North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) of the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). HIV Infection, Immunosuppression, and Age at Diagnosis of Non-AIDS-Defining Cancers. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 15;64(4):468-475. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw764. PubMed 27940936 ↗
  • Van Dyne EA, Henley SJ, Saraiya M, Thomas CC, Markowitz LE, Benard VB. Trends in Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers - United States, 1999-2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Aug 24;67(33):918-924. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6733a2. PubMed 30138307 ↗
  • Vokes EE, Agrawal N, Seiwert TY. HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015 Dec 9;107(12):djv344. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djv344. Print 2015 Dec. PubMed 26656751 ↗
  • Herrero R, Quint W, Hildesheim A, Gonzalez P, Struijk L, Katki HA, Porras C, Schiffman M, Rodriguez AC, Solomon D, Jimenez S, Schiller JT, Lowy DR, van Doorn LJ, Wacholder S, Kreimer AR; CVT Vaccine Group. Reduced prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) 4 years after bivalent HPV vaccination in a randomized clinical trial in Costa Rica. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 17;8(7):e68329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068329. Print 2013. PubMed 23873171 ↗

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Nov 10, 2022
  • Informed consent form · Dec 5, 2022

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided — At this time no plan to share IPD has been created, but might be a path considered in the future if requested

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 27, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06205511
Lead sponsor
Vivent Health
Collaborators
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Responsible party
Cindy Firnhaber (MD, Director of Research, Vivent Health) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 16, 2024
Start date
Apr 1, 2023
Primary completion
Sep 1, 2024
Completion
Oct 1, 2024
Last update
Aug 27, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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