ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06107062LOTUSUpdated Jun 12, 2026

Longitudinal Outpatient Treatment for Cannabis Use Disorder

A Phase 2 interventional study of Cannabidiol - fsCBD and Placebo in Cannabis Use Disorder, sponsored by University of Colorado, Boulder. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 21 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-06-12.

Sponsored by University of Colorado, Boulder · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Jul 2024; still recruiting 2 years 3 months later.
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
165
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
21 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study is a placebo-controlled randomized trial comparing the effects of hemp-derived cannabidiol (CBD) with and without Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), relative to placebo, on reducing cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) symptoms in adult treatment seeking cannabis concentrate users with CUD. Participants enroll in the study for 8 weeks (with telehealth follow-ups at 12 and 16 weeks) and are randomized to either full spectrum CBD, broad spectrum CBD, or placebo. Participants are also engaged in five weeks of psychotherapy treatment for CUD. Blood is collected to quantify investigational drug exposure and cannabis use. Participants also complete self-report measures of medical history, sleep quality, subjective cognitive function, physical activity, psychological functioning, substance use, and acute drug effects.

Read the detailed description

As cannabis legalization continues to spread across the United States, average Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations in recreational products have significantly increased, with THC levels as high as 90-95%. The investigators' preliminary data suggest that concentrate use elicits blood THC levels more than twice as high as cannabis flower use, and that concentrate use is associated with greater withdrawal, tolerance, and Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD), prompting concern about the risks of these high potency products in relation to problem use and CUD. No prior study has evaluated effective treatments to reduce cannabis use in this high risk group.

Several previous studies have found that the non-intoxicating cannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD), which may antagonize the effects of THC on CB1 and CB2 receptors, reduces cannabis use and CUD-related symptoms, such as affective disturbance and withdrawal. Results of these studies are promising, but limited to synthetic or isolated forms of CBD that are not widely available. There have been no tests of the hemp-derived CBD that is widely available without a prescription across the U.S. Importantly, hemp-derived CBD comes in two forms, one with a small amount of THC (7.8mg (3.4mg BID) THC, full spectrum; fsCBD) and one without THC (0% THC; broad spectrum; bsCBD). It is possible that a small amount of THC may confer additional benefits with respect to withdrawal and related affective disturbance, and in turn be beneficial for reducing THC use overall. Consistent with this hypothesis, pilot data from the investigators' lab suggest that CBD, that also contains low levels of THC, reduces THC drug reward, withdrawal, anxiety, and overall THC use in heavy concentrate users, supporting the potential for hemp-derived CBD to reduce THC use and mitigate withdrawal in this high risk group. However, no placebo-controlled trial has been conducted comparing hemp-derived CBD with and without THC on reducing THC use.

This study is a placebo-controlled RCT comparing the effects of hemp-derived CBD (fsCBD vs. bsCBD vs. placebo) on reducing THC use in concentrate users with CUD. 150 adult treatment-seeking concentrate users with DSM5 CUD will be recruited to complete an eight-week protocol. Participants will be randomly assigned to take 400 mg of either hemp-derived bsCBD (contains no THC), hemp-derived fsCBD (contains low levels of THC), or matched placebo daily for eight weeks. All participants will receive a five-session empirically supported psychological intervention to support cannabis use reduction during the trial. Participants will be assessed for changes in THC use [self-reported mg of THC used and levels of THC's metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC (THC-COOH)] and CUD symptoms, as well as levels of CBD and CBD's metabolite, 7-Carboxy-Cannabidiol (CBD-COOH) to monitor medication adherence. Primary outcomes include reduction in THC exposure [via self-reported amount used and urine THC-COOH (standardized for creatinine)], CUD symptoms, and withdrawal symptoms, including affective, physiological, and physical symptom facets, across the 8-week study.

02

Conditions studied

  • Cannabis Use Disorder

Keywords

  • Cannabis Use Disorder
  • CUD
  • Cannabidiol
  • CBD
03

In context

Lead sponsor

University of Colorado, Boulder is the lead sponsor of 88 studies on the registry; 20 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
21 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Regular use (at least 4 times per week) of cannabis concentrates for at least the last year.
  • Meets DSM5 criteria for at least moderate CUD.
  • Currently seeking to cut down or stop cannabis use.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Use of any substance of abuse besides alcohol, nicotine, or cannabis (e.g., cocaine, non-prescription use of opiates, methamphetamine, MDMA, benzodiazepines, or barbiturates) in the past 90 days, as indicated by self-report and urine toxicology screening (Syva Rapid Test) at baseline.
  • Use of CBD-dominant products in the past 90 days, as evidenced by self-report of use of a CBD>THC product or CBD blood levels at baseline of >= 5 ng/mL
  • Alcohol use on 3 or more days per week, and/or > 3 drinks per drinking day in the past 90 days. Participants must also have a breath alcohol level of 0 at the beginning of each study visit.
  • Daily nicotine use.
  • Meets diagnostic criteria for a psychotic disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder), bipolar disorder, or major depression with suicidal ideation, or has a history of treatment for these disorders. Psychiatric disorders will be assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).
  • Current cardiovascular or respiratory disease (e.g., coronary artery disease, severe asthma, , etc.)
  • Current use of psychotropics (e.g., antidepressants, anxiogenics), which may dampen effects of CBD.
  • Current use of anti-epileptic medications (e.g., clobazam, sodium valproate) or medications known to have major interactions with Epidiolex (buprenorphine, leflunomide, levomethadyl acetate, lomitapide, mipomersen, pexidartinib, propoxyphene, sodium oxybate, and/or teriflunomide).
  • Current or past hepatocellular disease, as indicated by (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 2 times the at screening or a history of liver disease irrespective of AST and ALT at the time of screening.
  • For participants assigned female at birth, pregnancy or trying to become pregnant as indicated by a urine pregnancy test administered at the beginning of each study visit.
  • History of seizures
  • Current use of potent CYP2C19 or inducers (e.g., Rifampin, apalutamide, carbamazepine, enzalutamide, ivosidenib9, lumacaftor, ivacaftor, phenytoin, St. John's wort, Fosphenytoin, Mitotane, Phenobarbital, Primidone), or strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin, protease inhibitors, and most antifungals), 2C19 inhibitors (e.g., fluoxetine, Lansoprazole, Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs))
  • Allergy to study medications (hemp seed oil, hemp extract, gelatin, glycerin)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(6)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

DSM diagnostic criteria

The American Psychiatric Association’s manual of mental health diagnoses. DSM-5 (2013, revised as DSM-5-TR in 2022) replaced DSM-IV, and some studies still name the older edition. “Meets DSM criteria for …” means diagnosed by that edition’s diagnostic criteria, usually by a clinician in an interview.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

ULN (upper limit of normal)

The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.

“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.

CYP3A (CYP3A4) inhibitors and inducers

CYP3A is a group of enzymes, mainly CYP3A4, in the liver and gut that break down many medicines. Some medicines, supplements and foods (grapefruit, St John’s wort) slow them down or speed them up, which changes how much of a study drug stays in the body.

Studies list them so they can be avoided or switched; bring a list of everything you take, including supplements.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
165 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    400mg Full Spectrum Cannabidiol (fsCBD)

    Drug: Cannabidiol - fsCBD

  • Experimental
    400mg Broad Spectrum Cannabidiol (bsCBD)

    Drug: Cannabidiol - bsCBD

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • DrugCannabidiol - fsCBD

    Full-spectrum (i.e., fsCBD, 7.8mg THC (3.4mg BID)), plant-derived CBD capsules produced by Ecofibre/Ananda Hemp will be used.

  • DrugPlacebo

    Placebo arm

  • DrugCannabidiol - bsCBD

    Broad-spectrum (i.e., bsCBD, 0% THC), plant-derived CBD capsules produced by Ecofibre/Ananda Hemp will be used

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Difference in cannabis use

    The change in the amount of cannabis used by participants as measured by self-report

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  2. Difference in cannabis use

    The change in the amount of cannabis used by participants as measured by biomarkers of metabolites

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  3. Difference in symptoms of cannabis use disorder (CUD)

    The change in symptom levels of CUD as measured by the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test (CUDIT). This questionnaire was designed for self administration and is scored by adding each of the 8 items: * Question 1-7 are scored on a 0-4 scale * Question 8 is scored 0, 2 or 4. Scores of 8 or more indicate hazardous cannabis use, while scores of 12 or more indicate a possible cannabis use disorder for which further intervention may be required.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  4. Difference in withdrawal symptoms

    The change in three facets of withdrawal including affective, physiological, and physical withdrawal symptoms as measured by the Marijuana Withdrawal Checklist (MWC)

    Time frame: 8 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Difference in alcohol use

    The change in alcohol use as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  2. Difference in alcohol use

    The change in alcohol use as measured by the Timeline Follow-back

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  3. Difference in wellbeing and quality of life

    The change in wellbeing as measured by the Health Related Quality of Life survey

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  4. Difference in emotional states

    The change in emotional states as measured by the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Each of the three DASS-21 scales contains 7 items, divided into subscales with similar content (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress). Scores range from 0-42 for each subscale (0-126 for the total scale), with higher numbers reflecting more negative emotional states over the past week.

    Time frame: 8 weeks

  5. Difference in cannabis use

    Difference in cannabis use as measured by the DSM-5 Cannabis Use Disorder diagnostic criteria

    Time frame: 8 weeks

Other outcomes

  1. Moderators of designated outcomes

    Exploratory models will examine biological sex and age as a moderators of the designated outcomes

    Time frame: 8 weeks

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Bidwell LC, Martin-Willett R, Melendez SN, Rosa L, Giordano G, Hutchison KE, Bryan AD. LOTUS: Protocol for a double-blind placebo controlled randomized trial of hemp-derived cannabidiol for the treatment of cannabis use disorder. PLoS One. 2024 Sep 30;19(9):e0308262. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308262. eCollection 2024. PubMed 39348366 ↗
09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started Jul 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Mar 2028, 44 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 12, 2023
First posted
Oct 30, 2023
StartActual
Jul 26, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Mar 31, 2028
CompletionEst.
Mar 31, 2029
Last update
Jun 12, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 12, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06107062
Lead sponsor
University of Colorado, Boulder
Responsible party
L. Cinnamon Bidwell (PI, University of Colorado, Boulder) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 30, 2023
Start date
Jul 26, 2024
Primary completion
Mar 31, 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Mar 31, 2029 (estimated)
Last update
Jun 12, 2026

Study contacts

Jonathan Lisano, PhD
Contact
Jonathon.Lisano@colorado.edu
303-492-9549

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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