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RecruitingNCT05978791Updated Oct 12, 2023

Study on the Thrombolytic Effect of Platelet Membrane Coated Recombinant Staphylokinase on Human Arterial Thrombus

An observational study in Arterial Thrombosis, sponsored by The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University. Recruiting at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-10-12.

Sponsored by The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Jun 2024, 2 years 4 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Oct 2023; still recruiting 2 years 11 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Other
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
24
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) is a third-generation thrombolytic agent produced by genetic engineering technology in 1985, which has better thrombolytic effect than streptokinase (SK) and urokinase (UK). It has similar biological properties to natural SAK, is highly selective to fibrin, does not activate systemic fibrinolysis, and can dissolve clots in a short period of time without significantly increasing the risk of bleeding, especially for platelet-rich arterial clots. Previous studies have shown that the thrombolytic revascularization rate of r-SAK is significantly better than that of r-SK and UK at the same dose in the rabbit model of acute femoral artery occlusive thrombosis. The revascularization rate of coronary artery at 90 minutes after thrombolysis was significantly higher with r-SAK than r-tPA. The combination of thrombolytic drugs and nanocarriers may provide a new solution for the existing thrombolytic therapy. Inspired by the natural affinity of platelets (PLT) in hemostasis and pathological thrombosis, we have developed a thrombus targeting nanocarrier, which is a platelet membrane cloaked r-SAK(PLT-SAK)and compare the thrombolytic effect of PLT-SAK with different doses of free r-SAK on human arterial thrombus, aiming to further improve the thrombolytic effectiveness of r-SAK.

Read the detailed description

Currently, the most important treatment for thrombus and related cardiovascular diseases is prevention, but in the case of long-term thrombosis, the main treatment options include balloon catheters, surgical removal of embolus, thrombolytic therapy, and other related operations. Considering the cost of surgical treatment and its damage to the body, thrombolytic therapy has become one of the most effective ways to achieve rapid thrombus clearance and recanalization of blocked blood vessels in thrombotic diseases.

Recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) is a third-generation thrombolytic agent produced by genetic engineering technology in 1985, which has better thrombolytic effect than streptokinase (SK) and urokinase (UK). It has similar biological properties to natural SAK, is highly selective to fibrin, does not activate systemic fibrinolysis, and can dissolve clots in a short period of time without significantly increasing the risk of bleeding, especially for platelet-rich arterial clots. Previous studies have shown that the thrombolytic revascularization rate of r-SAK is significantly better than that of r-SK and UK at the same dose in the rabbit model of acute femoral artery occlusive thrombosis. The revascularization rate of coronary artery at 90 minutes after thrombolysis was significantly higher with r-SAK than r-tPA. The combination of thrombolytic drugs and nanocarriers may provide a new solution for the existing thrombolytic therapy. Inspired by the natural affinity of platelets (PLT) in hemostasis and pathological thrombosis, we have developed a thrombus targeting nanocarrier, which is a platelet membrane cloaked r-SAK(PLT-SAK)and compare the thrombolytic effect of PLT-SAK with different doses of free r-SAK on human arterial thrombus, aiming to further improve the thrombolytic effectiveness of r-SAK.

02

Conditions studied

  • Arterial Thrombosis

Browse trials for

03

In context

Thrombosis

1,506 studies on the registry are indexed under Thrombosis; 238 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 24 is below the median of 213 across 586 observational studies indexed under Thrombosis.

Browse Thrombosis studies →

Lead sponsor

The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University is the lead sponsor of 543 studies on the registry; 301 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

  1. patients with suspected coronary artery disease scheduled for coronary angiography or interventional therapy;
  2. healthy volunteers.

Eligibility criteria

For CAD patients:

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18-75 years old, body weight ≥45kg, regardless of gender;
  2. Patients with suspected coronary artery disease scheduled for coronary angiography or interventional therapy.
  3. Take aspirin and ticagrelor maintenance dose ≥3 days, or loading dose of aspirin (300mg) and ticagrelor (180mg) ≥12 hours;

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Previous thrombolytic therapy with r-SAK;
  2. A previous diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus infection;
  3. Those who are enrolled in other clinical trials;
  4. Those who were deemed ineligible by other investigators.

For healthy volunteer:

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18-75 years old, body weight ≥45kg, regardless of gender;

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Currently taking any medication that may affect platelet function, such as antiplatelet drugs or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
  2. Individuals with blood disorders, active bleeding or a tendency to bleed, including platelet count \<100×10\^9/L, hemoglobin \<100g/L, or recent bleeding in the digestive system or urinary tract within one month.
  3. Individuals with impaired liver or kidney function, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels above the upper limit of normal reference range, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<90 mL/min/1.73m\^2 (calculated based on the CKD-EPI equation).
  4. Recent (within one month) severe trauma, surgery, or head injury.
  5. Pregnant or lactating women.
  6. Diabetes.
  7. Smokers.
  8. Those who are enrolled in other clinical trials;
  9. Those who were deemed ineligible by other investigators.
05

Study design

Observational model
Other
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
24 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Hospitalized patients with suspected coronary artery disease

    Take aspirin and ticagrelor maintenance dose ≥3 days, or loading dose of aspirin (300mg) and ticagrelor (180mg) ≥12 hours

    Procedure: collection of venous blood or arterial blood

  • healthy volunteers

    Age 18-75 years old, body weight ≥45kg, regardless of gender;

    Procedure: collection of venous blood or arterial blood

Interventions

  • Procedurecollection of venous blood or arterial blood

    1. Partial CAD patients were collected 20 mL arterial blood samples 12 hours after the last intake of 100mg aspirin and 2 hours after intake of 90mg ticagrelor. The blood samples were divided into 2 mL centrifuge tubes, with each containing 1.0 mL (for preparation of blood clots). 2. Partial CAD patients were collected 40 mL blood samples into sodium citrate anticoagulant tubes 12 hours after the last intake of 100mg aspirin and 2 hours after intake of 90mg ticagrelor (for preparation of platelet-poor plasma, PPP). 3. Healthy volunteer (group 1) collected 40 mL blood samples into sodium citrate anticoagulant tubes (for preparation of PPP). 4. Healthy volunteer (group 2) collected 9 mL venous blood samples (for platelet aggregation assay).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Thrombolysis rate

    Thrombolysis rate (%) = \[(initial clot weight - final clot weight) / initial clot weight\] × 100%.

    Time frame: 60 min

Secondary outcomes

  1. Adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation rate.

    9 mL venous blood was collected from healthy volunteers (group 2) into 3.2% sodium citrate tubes and subjected to platelet aggregation assay by light transmission aggregometry within 120min.Also test the effect of 20% aspirin- and ticagrelor-treated PPP and 20% healthy volunteers (group 1) PPP on platelet aggregation.

    Time frame: 120 min

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
    Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

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  • MACFARLANE RG, PILLING J. Fibrinolytic activity of normal urine. Nature. 1947 Jun 7;159(4049):779. doi: 10.1038/159779a0. No abstract available. PubMed 20241608 ↗
  • Rijken DC, Collen D. Purification and characterization of the plasminogen activator secreted by human melanoma cells in culture. J Biol Chem. 1981 Jul 10;256(13):7035-41. PubMed 6787058 ↗
  • Noble S, McTavish D. Reteplase. A review of its pharmacological properties and clinical efficacy in the management of acute myocardial infarction. Drugs. 1996 Oct;52(4):589-605. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199652040-00012. PubMed 8891469 ↗
  • Simpson D, Siddiqui MA, Scott LJ, Hilleman DE. Reteplase: a review of its use in the management of thrombotic occlusive disorders. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2006;6(4):265-85. doi: 10.2165/00129784-200606040-00007. PubMed 16913828 ↗
  • Nordt TK, Bode C. Thrombolysis: newer thrombolytic agents and their role in clinical medicine. Heart. 2003 Nov;89(11):1358-62. doi: 10.1136/heart.89.11.1358. No abstract available. PubMed 14594904 ↗
  • Ross AM, Gao R, Coyne KS, Chen J, Yao K, Yang Y, Qin X, Qiao S, Yao M; TUCC Investigators. A randomized trial confirming the efficacy of reduced dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in a Chinese myocardial infarction population and demonstrating superiority to usual dose urokinase: the TUCC trial. Am Heart J. 2001 Aug;142(2):244-7. doi: 10.1067/mhj.2001.116963. PubMed 11479462 ↗
  • Gao RL, Han YL, Yang XC, Mao JM, Fang WY, Wang L, Shen WF, Li ZQ, Jia GL, Lu SZ, Wei M, Zeng DY, Chen JL, Qin XW, Xu B, DU CH; Collaborative Research Group of Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction (RESTART). Thorombolytic therapy with rescue percutaneous coronary intervention versus primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010 Jun;123(11):1365-72. PubMed 20819587 ↗
  • Nedaeinia R, Faraji H, Javanmard SH, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Goli M, Mashkani B, Nedaeinia M, Haghighi MHH, Ranjbar M. Bacterial staphylokinase as a promising third-generation drug in the treatment for vascular occlusion. Mol Biol Rep. 2020 Jan;47(1):819-841. doi: 10.1007/s11033-019-05167-x. Epub 2019 Nov 1. PubMed 31677034 ↗
  • Toombs CF. New directions in thrombolytic therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2001 Apr;1(2):164-8. doi: 10.1016/s1471-4892(01)00030-3. PubMed 11714091 ↗
  • Szemraj J, Stankiewicz A, Rozmyslowicz-Szerminska W, Mogielnicki A, Gromotowicz A, Buczko W, Oszajca K, Bartkowiak J, Chabielska E. A new recombinant thrombolytic and antithrombotic agent with higher fibrin affinity - a staphylokinase variant. An in-vivo study. Thromb Haemost. 2007 Jun;97(6):1037-45. doi: 10.1160/th06-10-0562. PubMed 17549308 ↗
  • Li CJ, Huang J, Yang ZJ, Cao KJ. Thrombolytic efficacy of native recombinant staphylokinase on femoral artery thrombus of rabbits. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2007 Jan;28(1):58-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00455.x. PubMed 17184583 ↗
  • Vanderschueren S, Barrios L, Kerdsinchai P, Van den Heuvel P, Hermans L, Vrolix M, De Man F, Benit E, Muyldermans L, Collen D, et al. A randomized trial of recombinant staphylokinase versus alteplase for coronary artery patency in acute myocardial infarction. The STAR Trial Group. Circulation. 1995 Oct 15;92(8):2044-9. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.92.8.2044. PubMed 7554180 ↗
  • Kamaly N, Yameen B, Wu J, Farokhzad OC. Degradable Controlled-Release Polymers and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Controlling Drug Release. Chem Rev. 2016 Feb 24;116(4):2602-63. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00346. Epub 2016 Feb 8. PubMed 26854975 ↗
  • Shen S, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wu D. High drug-loading nanomedicines: progress, current status, and prospects. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017 May 31;12:4085-4109. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S132780. eCollection 2017. PubMed 28615938 ↗
  • Tan YF, Lao LL, Xiong GM, Venkatraman S. Controlled-release nanotherapeutics: State of translation. J Control Release. 2018 Aug 28;284:39-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.014. Epub 2018 Jun 15. PubMed 29902484 ↗
  • Tietjen GT, Bracaglia LG, Saltzman WM, Pober JS. Focus on Fundamentals: Achieving Effective Nanoparticle Targeting. Trends Mol Med. 2018 Jul;24(7):598-606. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.05.003. Epub 2018 Jun 5. PubMed 29884540 ↗
  • Falati S, Gross P, Merrill-Skoloff G, Furie BC, Furie B. Real-time in vivo imaging of platelets, tissue factor and fibrin during arterial thrombus formation in the mouse. Nat Med. 2002 Oct;8(10):1175-81. doi: 10.1038/nm782. Epub 2002 Sep 16. PubMed 12244306 ↗
  • Lippi G, Franchini M, Targher G. Arterial thrombus formation in cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2011 Jul 5;8(9):502-12. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2011.91. PubMed 21727917 ↗
  • Hu CM, Fang RH, Wang KC, Luk BT, Thamphiwatana S, Dehaini D, Nguyen P, Angsantikul P, Wen CH, Kroll AV, Carpenter C, Ramesh M, Qu V, Patel SH, Zhu J, Shi W, Hofman FM, Chen TC, Gao W, Zhang K, Chien S, Zhang L. Nanoparticle biointerfacing by platelet membrane cloaking. Nature. 2015 Oct 1;526(7571):118-21. doi: 10.1038/nature15373. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PubMed 26374997 ↗
  • Cheng JW, Zhang XJ, Cheng LS, Li GY, Zhang LJ, Ji KX, Zhao Q, Bai Y. Low-Dose Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2018 Feb;27(2):381-390. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.09.014. Epub 2017 Oct 27. PubMed 29111341 ↗
  • Zamanlu M, Farhoudi M, Eskandani M, Mahmoudi J, Barar J, Rafi M, Omidi Y. Recent advances in targeted delivery of tissue plasminogen activator for enhanced thrombolysis in ischaemic stroke. J Drug Target. 2018 Feb;26(2):95-109. doi: 10.1080/1061186X.2017.1365874. Epub 2017 Aug 25. PubMed 28796540 ↗
  • Ma YH, Liu CH, Liang Y, Chen JP, Wu T. Targeted Delivery of Plasminogen Activators for Thrombolytic Therapy: An Integrative Evaluation. Molecules. 2019 Sep 19;24(18):3407. doi: 10.3390/molecules24183407. PubMed 31546842 ↗
  • Hassanpour S, Kim HJ, Saadati A, Tebon P, Xue C, van den Dolder FW, Thakor J, Baradaran B, Mosafer J, Baghbanzadeh A, de Barros NR, Hashemzaei M, Lee KJ, Lee J, Zhang S, Sun W, Cho HJ, Ahadian S, Ashammakhi N, Dokmeci MR, Mokhtarzadeh A, Khademhosseini A. Thrombolytic Agents: Nanocarriers in Controlled Release. Small. 2020 Oct;16(40):e2001647. doi: 10.1002/smll.202001647. Epub 2020 Aug 12. PubMed 32790000 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 12, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05978791
Lead sponsor
The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
Responsible party
Chunjian Li (Director of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 7, 2023
Start date
Oct 11, 2023
Primary completion
Jun 2024 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 2024 (estimated)
Last update
Oct 12, 2023

Study contacts

Chunjian Li, PhD
Contact
lijay@njmu.edu.cn
+86 13701465229
Rui Hua, MBBS
Contact
huarui0914@126.com
+86 13196825735

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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