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CompletedNCT05758922RAINBOWUpdated May 14, 2026

Phase 2 Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral AZ-3102 in Patients With GM2 Gangliosidosis or Niemann-Pick Type C Disease

A Phase 2 interventional study of AZ-3102 (Dose 1) and Placebo in GM2 Gangliosidosis and Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C, sponsored by Azafaros B.V.. Completed at 3 sites in Brazil. Open to participants aged 12 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-14.

Sponsored by Azafaros B.V. · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
13
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
12 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This phase 2 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, 12 weeks study with daily oral administration of AZ-3102 aiming to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in GM2 Gangliosidosis and Niemann-Pick type C disease (NP-C) patients. After approval by the country health authorities, a double-blind extension period was proposed to the patients who complete the 12-week study.

02

Conditions studied

  • GM2 Gangliosidosis
  • Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
12 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Male and female patients aged above 12 years old at informed consent signature.
  • GM2 patients : Genetically and biochemically confirmed diagnosis of Tay-Sachs or Sandhoff disease.
  • NP-C patients : Genetically confirmed diagnosis of NP-C.
  • NP-C patients : Miglustat-naïve patients unwilling or unable to take miglustat, OR, patients who have discontinued miglustat because of confirmed safety/tolerability issues. Miglustat must have been discontinued at least 1 month prior to Baseline visit.
  • Total SARA score ≥ 1 at Baseline.
  • A male participant with a female partner of childbearing potential is eligible if he agrees to follow the contraceptive guidance.
  • If a female participant is a WOCBP and is having a male partner, she must agree to follow the contraceptive guidance.
  • Willing and able to complete protocol assessments.
  • Parent and/or legal guardian is able to read, understand, and sign the informed consent. Where appropriate, assent will also be sought for patients who have not reached the age of majority or who are not able to sign the consent form.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any abnormal conditions at baseline visit which, in the opinion of the PI; could interfere with study assessments (e.g., severe infection).
  • History of medical conditions other than GM2 gangliosidosis/NP-C that, in the opinion of the PI; would confound scientific rigor or interpretation of results.
  • Presence of another inherited neurologic disease.
  • The dose of anti-epileptic treatment(s) was not stable and/or a new anti-epileptic treatment (drug or procedure) was prescribed during the last month before baseline.
  • Total bilirubin >2 x ULN (isolated bilirubin >2 x ULN is acceptable if bilirubin is fractionated and direct bilirubin is \<35%).
  • Platelet count \< 100 x 10\^9/L.
  • Presence of moderate or severe renal impairment.
  • Prior participation in a clinical study with an investigational drug within 3 months prior to Baseline.
  • Patient with a positive serum pregnancy test (tested only for women of childbearing potential) at baseline.
  • Breast feeding ongoing at baseline or planned during the study.
  • ECG with an average of triplicate QTcF interval > 440 msec.
  • Received treatment with N-Acetyl-Leucine, gene therapy, stem cell transplantation, or with any other azasugars (iminosugars) compound with similar mechanism of action within 3 months before baseline (except for miglustat for which it is 1 month).
  • Any known allergy to azasugars or any excipients.
  • Evidence of suicidal ideation with intent (Type 4-5) on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) at Screening. Only in patients judged by the PI cognitively capable to understand the concept of suicide.
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
13 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Participant will receive placebo once daily during the course of the study (12 weeks).

    Drug: Placebo

  • Experimental
    AZ-3102 (Dose 1)

    Participant will receive AZ-3102 (Dose 1) once daily during the course of the study (12 weeks) and the study extension (if applicable).

    Drug: AZ-3102 (Dose 1)

  • Experimental
    AZ-3102 (Dose 2)

    Participant will receive AZ-3102 (Dose 2) once daily during the course of the study (12 weeks) and the study extension (if applicable).

    Drug: AZ-3102 (Dose 2)

Interventions

  • DrugAZ-3102 (Dose 1)

    Pharmaceutical form: capsule Route of administration: oral

  • DrugPlacebo

    Pharmaceutical form: capsule Route of administration: oral

  • DrugAZ-3102 (Dose 2)

    Pharmaceutical form: capsule Route of administration: oral

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Safety/tolerability: Incidence and severity of treatment emergent adverse events

    Time frame: Through study completion, up to Week 12

  2. Assessment of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters in plasma: Cmax

    Time frame: Through study completion, up to Week 12

  3. Assessment of PK parameters in plasma: Tmax

    Time frame: Through study completion, up to Week 12

  4. Assessment of PK parameters in plasma: AUC0-24h

    Time frame: Concentration versus time curve calculated from time 0 to 24 hours (AUC0-24h)

06

Study locations

3 sites
  • Hospital Pequeno Principe
    Curitiba, Brazil
  • Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
    Porto Alegre, Brazil
  • Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira
    Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05758922
Lead sponsor
Azafaros B.V.
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 8, 2023
Start date
Apr 24, 2023
Primary completion
Apr 19, 2024
Completion
May 5, 2026
Last update
May 14, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
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