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Enrolling by invitationNCT05744024Updated Jan 30, 2025

Non-pharmacological Pain Care During Complex Wound Care Procedures

An interventional study of Virtual Reality system and Headphones in Wound Surgical, Wounds and Injuries and Virtual Reality, sponsored by Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA). Enrolling by invitation at 1 site in Netherlands. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-01-30.

Sponsored by Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA) · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Nov 2025, 10 months ago, but the record still lists the study as enrolling by invitation.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
72
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect on pain and both Virtual Reality and Music Therapy as add-on therapy during wound car in adults.

Read the detailed description

After inclusion and completion of the informed consent form, patients are randomly allocated to the intervention group or control group in a 1:1:1 ratio. Randomization will not be blinded since both the provider and patient know if the patient will be wearing the VR system or headphone with audio during wound care or not wearing the VR system or headphone with audio.

Patients are randomly assigned to one of three groups:

Group 1 - Intervention group 1, Virtual Reality Therapy Group 2 - Intervention group 2, Music Therapy Group 3 - Control group, care as usual

02

Conditions studied

  • Wound Surgical
  • Wounds and Injuries
  • Virtual Reality
  • Wound Care
  • Music Therapy
03

In context

Wounds and Injuries

5,056 studies on the registry are indexed under Wounds and Injuries; 861 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 72 is above the median of 52 across 3,239 interventional studies indexed under Wounds and Injuries.

Browse Wounds and Injuries studies →

Lead sponsor

Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA) is the lead sponsor of 512 studies on the registry; 178 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Individuals aged 18 or older who have wounds receiving wound care
  • Individuals who will undergo minimum of 1 to a maximum of 3 sequential complex wound care procedures before discharge
  • At least 1 prior painful wound care procedure, where they have indicated a VAS ≥ 4, or patients reporting a VAS ≥ 4 before initiating the wound care procedure.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals not being able to understand Dutch language at primary school level
  • Individuals not being able to read or write Dutch
  • Individuals diagnosed with dementia and/or cognitive impairment
  • Individuals diagnosed with epilepsy
  • Individuals diagnosed with migraine
  • Individuals with severe dizziness and/or nausea
  • Individuals with a known history of claustrophobia
  • Individuals who are unable to sign informed consent owing to mental disorder or formally stated to be incompetent to decide
  • Individuals who have no feeling in the wound care area
  • Individuals with physical (and/or cognitive) disabilities on the face, eye, ear, nose and neck that prevent the use of the VR headgear and/or headphones
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Sequential assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
72 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Virtual Reality Therapy (Intervention group 1)

    In addition to the standard wound care procedure, the Virtual Reality Therapy group (intervention group 1) will receive the VR system during the wound care. The VR system consists of Virtual Reality glasses, a controller and a headphone. The application SyncVR Relax \& Distract will be used, which will contain various videos for the patient those from to relax and be distracted. This group wears the VR system 10 minutes before the start of the wound care, until 1 minute after the wound care has ended.

    Device: Virtual Reality system

  • Experimental
    Music Therapy (Intervention group 2)

    In addition to the standard wound care procedure, the Music Therapy group (intervention group 2) will be hearing their preferred audio, chosen by patient to be relaxing and to offer distraction, through headphones during wound care. This group wears the headphone with music 10 minutes before the start of the wound care, until 1 minute after the wound care has ended.

    Other: Headphones

  • No intervention
    Care as usual (control group/group 3)

    The care as usual group (control group) will receive the care as usual. This group receives neither VRT nor MT during wound care.

Interventions

  • DeviceVirtual Reality system

    The intervention group 1 will be wearing the 'SyncVR' Virtual Reality system during the wound care moment in addition to the standard procedure. The VR system consists of Virtual Reality glasses, a controller, and a headphone. The SyncVR Relax \& Distract Application (SyncVR R\&D) will be used.

  • OtherHeadphones

    Headphones with audio. The patients will be hearing their preferred audio, chosen by patient to relaxing and to offer distraction, through headphones during wound care.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. The primary outcome is the change in pain score before and after the first wound care, measured with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

    The VAS is a horizontal scale from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating ''no pain'' and 10 indicating ''worst pain possible''.

    Time frame: Baseline, during the procedure, immediately after procedure

Secondary outcomes

  1. Mean VAS change of all wound care procedures included in the study

    The VAS is a horizontal scale from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating ''no pain'' and 10 indicating ''worst pain possible''.

    Time frame: Baseline, during the procedure, immediately after procedure

  2. Change from baseline in level of anxiety at 10 minutes after procedure

    Level of anxiety, as measured by a Dutch translated and validated modification of the Spielberger State-Trait Inventory-6 (STAI-6) questionnaire 10 minutes before and 10 minutes after each three wound care moments.

    Time frame: Baseline, 10 minutes after procedure

  3. Patient satisfaction

    Patient satisfaction, as measured by a self-developed Dutch provider satisfaction questionnaire, focuses on satisfaction about the intervention with the VR system or headphone with audio. The questionnaires included a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The VAS is a horizontal scale from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating ''the worst score'' and 10 indicating ''the best score'', or with 0 indicating '''the best score'' and 10 indicating ''the worst score''.

    Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 week

  4. Provider satisfaction

    Provider satisfaction, as measured by a self-developed Dutch provider satisfaction questionnaire, focuses on satisfaction about the intervention with the VR system or headphone with audio. The questionnaires included a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The VAS is a horizontal scale from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating ''the worst score'' and 10 indicating ''the best score'', or with 0 indicating '''the best score'' and 10 indicating ''the worst score''.

    Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year

  5. Change from baseline systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure at 5 minutes after procedure

    The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure 5 minutes before the intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group) and 5 minutes after the intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group)

    Time frame: Baseline, 5 minutes after procedure

  6. Change of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure during procedure

    The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure every 5 minutes during procedure

    Time frame: During procedure

  7. Change from baseline blood oxygen level at 5 minutes after procedure

    The blood oxygen level, measured using a pulse oximetry device, 5 minutes before intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group), and 5 minutes after the intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group)

    Time frame: Baseline, 5 minutes after procedure

  8. Change of blood oxygen level during procedure

    The blood oxygen level every 5 minutes during procedure, measured using a pulse oximetry device

    Time frame: During procedure

  9. Change from baseline pulse rate at 5 minutes after procedure

    The pulse rate 5 minutes before intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group), and 5 minutes after the intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group)

    Time frame: Baseline, 5 minutes after procedure

  10. Change of pulse rate during procedure

    The pulse rate every 5 minutes during procedure

    Time frame: During procedure

  11. Change from baseline respiratory rate at 5 minutes after procedure

    The respiratory rate 5 minutes before intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group), and 5 minutes after the intervention (intervention group)/wound care (control group)

    Time frame: Baseline, 5 minutes after procedure

  12. Change of respiratory rate during procedure

    The respiratory rate every 5 minutes during procedure

    Time frame: During procedure

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Amsterdam University Medical Center
    Amsterdam, Noord-Holland 1105AZ, Netherlands
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 30, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05744024
Lead sponsor
Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)
Responsible party
Marlies P. Schijven (Professor doctor, Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)) — Principal investigator
First posted
Feb 24, 2023
Start date
Nov 17, 2022
Primary completion
Nov 17, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Nov 17, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 30, 2025

Study contacts

Marlies Schijven, Prof. dr.
principal investigator · Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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