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CompletedNCT05491356Updated Mar 12, 2026

Use of Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Clearance of Chronic Subdural Hematomas

A Phase 4 interventional study of Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Placebo in Hematoma, Subdural and Fibrinolytic; Hemorrhage, sponsored by Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation. Completed at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 100 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-03-12.

Sponsored by Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
40
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 100 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

To determine the utility of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the clearance of chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH). Intra-catheter tPA will be administered during surgical procedure and allowed to break down blood clot to assist with removal/drainage during twist drill craniostomy procedure.

Read the detailed description

A chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a collection of blood overlying the brain that can be seen, usually in the elderly with even minimal head trauma. These are usually treated by removing the collection of blood. This can be done through a small drill hole in the skull or by larger holes (one or two) the size of a nickel. Sometimes a larger piece of skull is removed to be able to remove the CSDH. The standard practice at our center is to do these procedures under local anesthesia with a twist drill craniostomy (small drill hole through the skull). In some cases, all the CSDH can not be removed the first time, requiring a second procedure or a larger procedure. This study plans to use a type of medication that breaks down the solid blood clot, enabling more of it to drain. This medication (tpa) is already used in other surgeries and is safe to use in humans. Our preliminary experience and that of others suggests very low risk at the dosages being used. We hope that using this new drug will decrease the chance of the CSDH collecting again and reduce the overall length of your stay in the hospital and reduce the need for further surgery.

02

Conditions studied

  • Hematoma, Subdural
  • Fibrinolytic; Hemorrhage
03

In context

Hematoma, Subdural

44 studies on the registry are indexed under Hematoma, Subdural; 15 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 40 is below the median of 105 across 30 interventional studies indexed under Hematoma, Subdural.

Browse Hematoma, Subdural studies →

Lead sponsor

Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation is the lead sponsor of 242 studies on the registry; 38 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 100 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Adult patients (18 yrs or older)
  2. Admitted to neurosurgery wing at the hospital
  3. Symptomatic patients requiring surgical drainage by twist drill craniostomy

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients at increased risk of bleeding such as patients taking anticoagulation medication that required reversal at time of intervention، or those with coagulopathic disorder.
  2. Patients on antiplatelets or anticoagulation medications (DOACs or warfarin) with appropriate holding period prior to drainage, those who are eventually minimized to a regular bleeding risk compared to the normal population, will be included in the study.
  3. Patients with subdural empyema.
  4. Redo twist drill craniostomy for residual cSDH within the same admission.
  5. Drain accidentally removed during nursing care or patient transport before 24 hr interval scan.
  6. Patients who are not expected to live more than three months.
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
40 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Intervention - tPA administered

    This group will receive 2mL of intra-catheter tPA during twist drill craniostomy procedure

    Drug: Tissue Plasminogen Activator

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo Control

    This group will receive 2mL of intra-catheter saline solution during twist drill craniostomy procedure

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • Dosage of 1mg/mL mixed in 0.9% saline solution, intra-catheter administration, sterile

  • DrugPlacebo

    0.9% saline solution, intra-catheter administration, sterile

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Study Feasibility

    Patient recruitment rate, eligibility of patients, protocol adherence, unexpected events

    Time frame: 8 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Reoperation rate

    Reoperation rate or reintervention in the first 6 weeks post drainage

    Time frame: 8 months

  2. Volume of chronic subdural hematoma

    Volume, as measured in 3 intervals: pre-procedure, post-procedure at 24hrs and 6 weeks

    Time frame: 8 months

  3. Rate of adverse events

    Rate of adverse events in the first 6 weeks post procedure, including CNS infection, seizure, post-op hemorrhage

    Time frame: 8 months

  4. Length of hospital stay

    length of hospital stay in days

    Time frame: 8 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Hamilton General Hospital
    Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Neils DM, Singanallur PS, Wang H, Tracy P, Klopfenstein J, Dinh D, Elwood PW, Fassett D, McCall T, Lin J, Tsung A. Recurrence-free chronic subdural hematomas: a retrospective analysis of the instillation of tissue plasminogen activator in addition to twist drill or burr hole drainage in the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas. World Neurosurg. 2012 Jul;78(1-2):145-9. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2011.08.032. Epub 2011 Nov 7. PubMed 22120294 ↗
  • Brazdzionis J, Patchana T, Wiginton JG 4th, Wacker MR, Menoni R, Miulli DE. Intracatheter Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Chronic Subdural Hematomas after Failed Bedside Twist Drill Craniostomy: A Retrospective Review. Cureus. 2019 Dec 26;11(12):e6472. doi: 10.7759/cureus.6472. PubMed 32025399 ↗
  • O YM, Tsang SL, Leung GK. Fibrinolytic-Facilitated Chronic Subdural Hematoma Drainage-A Systematic Review. World Neurosurg. 2021 Jun;150:e408-e419. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.03.029. Epub 2021 Mar 17. PubMed 33722722 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided — Patient data will be de-identified and the data will be analyzed as a whole before becoming available to other researchers. De-identified IPD may be shared with other researchers if necessary based on occurrence of adverse events occurrence, circumstantial findings, etc.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 12, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05491356
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 8, 2022
Start date
May 11, 2023
Primary completion
Mar 30, 2024
Completion
May 30, 2024
Last update
Mar 12, 2026

Study contacts

Dr. Kesava Reddy
principal investigator · Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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