ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05439135Updated Jul 10, 2025

Washed Microbiota Transplantation for Malnutrition After Nonphysiological Reconstruction of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

An interventional study of washed microbiota transplantation in Malnutrition and Gastroenterostomy, sponsored by The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Recruiting at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-07-10.

Sponsored by The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Oct 2025, 1 year ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Oct 2024; still recruiting 2 years later.

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
62
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 59 studies in Malnutrition with a site in China — 20 open to participants now, 21 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Malnutrition · China.

Planned enrollment
27th of 32
62 · median 120
Started
2024
with 5 others
No phase
19 of 59
8 open now
Primary completion
2025-10
later than 3 of 20 live
Registered
35th of 59
by date
Lead sponsor
4 of 59
The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University

Among the 59 studies in Malnutrition with a site in China, this one is the 27th largest by planned enrollment of the 32 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 6 that started in 2024, is one of 19 with no phase, reaches primary completion later than 3 of the 20 other live ones, and was the 35th registered.

Malnutrition

1,278 studies on the registry are indexed under Malnutrition; 231 are open to participants now.

Browse Malnutrition studies →

Open to participants now

20 of the 59 studies in Malnutrition with a site in China are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

14 more — sign in →

All 20 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in China have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in China →

Who these studies take

Of the 149 Malnutrition studies recruiting now, 84 (56%) set no upper age limit and 45 (30%) stop at 75 or younger; 40 take children under 18; 28 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

This is a prospective, randomized, multicenter study to evaluate WMT in improving nutritional status in malnourished patients who underwent nonphysiological reconstruction of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In this multicenter trial, sixty-two patients will be enrolled in forteen Chinese sites. Participants will be randomized at a ratio of 1:1 to receive three WMTs through either mid-gut tube or colonic TET. After WMT, each participant will receive free diet plus home enteral nutrition. Home enteral nutrition should last for 2 months at home, with blood, urine and stool samples taken and stored at baseline and 2 months after WMT.

Read the detailed description

Background: Malnutrition is a common complication of nonphysiological reconstruction of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The potential of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) in improving nutritional status have been reported. The surgery procedure alters the anatomy and physiology of the digestive tract, which might impact the efficacy and safety of WMT when choosing different delivery way. This study aims to explore the optimal delivery of WMT in malnourished patients after rerouting of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Methods and design: This multicenter, open-label, and randomized controlled trial will be conducted at forteen hospitals in China. Enteral nutrition (EN) will be administrated at enrollment. Participants will be then randomized at a ratio of 1:1 to receive three WMTs through either mid-gut tube or colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET). Then the patients will receive free diet coupled with home enteral nutrition (HEN) for 8 weeks in both groups, with blood, urine and stool samples taken and stored at baseline and 2 months after WMT. The observation duration is 8 weeks. The primary endpoint is nutritional status of the patients. The nutritional status data obtained at baseline and 8 weeks after discharge includes body mass index (BMI) and skeletal muscle index (SMI). The secondary endpoints are nutritional assessment, nutrition-based laboratory indices, 60-day readmission rate, quality of life, gastrointestinal symptom scale, the safety of WMT and further analysis of the biological specimens.

Conclusion: It is estimated that WMT would help improve nutrition status. Moreover, this trial has the potential to identify the optimal delivery of WMT for patients undergoing nonphysiological reconstruction of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

03

Conditions studied

  • Malnutrition
  • Gastroenterostomy

Keywords

  • washed microbiota transplantation
  • fecal microbiota transplant
  • malnutrition
  • enteral nutrition
  • cachexia
  • upper gastrointestinal rerouting surgery
  • delivery
  • nonphysiological reconstruction of the upper gastrointestinal tract
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients undergone nonphysiological reconstruction of the gastrointestinal tract (such as Billroth-II, Roux-en-Y, Child, Whipple reconstruction)
  • Aged over 18 years old;
  • Malnutrition is assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 score≥3 and Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score≥4;
  • Written ;

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Expected survival time \< 3 months;
  • Still on anti-tumor therapy or it is expected during the visit;
  • Complicated with ascites or edema caused by malnutrition;
  • Known organic gastrointestinal disease (e.g., gastrointestinal infection, inflammatory bowel disease, or radiation enteritis);
  • Undergone other gastrointestinal surgery (e.g., enterectomy, enterostomy, or gastrostomy) except appendectomy or anal fistula surgery;
  • Complicated with of enteral nutrition such as ileus, active gastrointestinal bleeding, and shock;
  • Cannot tolerate gastroscopy or colonoscopy;
  • Severe comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, cardiopulmonary failure, severe liver or or kidney diseases);
  • Complicated with other wasting diseases (e.g., active tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, , active hepatitis, hip fracture, craniocerebral injury, etc.);
  • A history of anti-infective treatment within 30 days before enrollment; or need anti-infective treatment at the time of enrollment; or unwilling to stop taking drugs that affect gut microbes, such as probiotics;
  • Can not tolerate oral enteral nutrition;
  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding;
  • Participating in another clinical trial;
  • Deemed unsuitable for inclusion by the investigators.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(3)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
62 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    midgut

    A soft TET tube is inserted into the colon via the paraffin-lubricated gastroscope channel. If patients cannot tolerate endoscopy or anesthesia, or it is difficult to confirm the bypass intestine under endoscopy, a nasojejunal tube will be inserted under digital fluoroscopy.

    Other: washed microbiota transplantation

  • Experimental
    colonic

    A soft TET tube is inserted into the colon via the paraffin-lubricated colonoscope channel.

    Other: washed microbiota transplantation

Interventions

  • Otherwashed microbiota transplantation

    Each patient will receive washed microbiota transplantation each day for three consecutive days. After WMT, participants will receive free diet plus home enteral nutrition (solution at a 750ml daily dosage that provides 750 kcal energy) at home for 8 weeks.

    Also known as: home enteral nutrition

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Changes of weight and height

    Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m\^2.

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  2. Changes of the third lumbar vertebrae skeletal muscle mass and height

    The third lumbar vertebrae skeletal muscle mass represents the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the skeletal muscles at the L3 level, including the psoas major, the erector spinae, the quadratus lumborum, the musculus transversus abdominis, the obliquus externus abdominis and the obliquus internus abdominis. Skeletal muscle mass and height will be combined to report the third lumbar vertebrae skeletal muscle mass index(L3 SMI) in cm\^2/m\^2.

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  3. Changes of weight

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

Secondary outcomes

  1. Changes of Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA)

    Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) includes patient-generated historical components (Weight History, Food Intake, Symptoms and Activities and Function) and the professional part (Diagnosis, Age, Metabolic stress, and Physical Exam).

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  2. Changes of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale(GSRS)

    GSRS is a 13-item test to make a comprehensive assessment of common gastrointestinal symptom and each item receives a value from 0 to 3, with higher value indicating worse gastrointestinal condition.

    Time frame: baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks post transplantation

  3. 60-day readmission rate

    The 60-day readmission is recorded and defined as nonelective readmission within 60 days after the treatment.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  4. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events (AE) assessed by CTCAE, Version 5.0

    The severity of AE was graded as mild (grade 1), moderate (grade 2), severe/disabling (grade 3), life threatening (grade 4), and death (grade 5). All AE were divided in definitely, probably and possibly related to treatment. The treatment-related AE we focused on included microbiota-related AEs (e.g., infection, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc.) and route of delivery related AEs (e.g., nausea, vomiting, etc.).

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

  5. Changes of the 5-level EuroQoL Group's 5-dimension (EQ-5D-5L)

    EQ-5D-5L is a 5-dimension questionnaire measuring health state and each dimension represents the level from 1 to 5, with higher level indicating worse health state.

    Time frame: baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks post transplantation

  6. Changes of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

    PSQI is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen items generate seven component scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for seven components yields one global score, with higher score indicating worse sleep quality.

    Time frame: baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks post transplantation

  7. Changes of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue)

    FACIT-Fatigue is a 13-item test measuring fatigue and each item receives a value from 0 to 4, with higher value indicating worse fatigue state.

    Time frame: baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks post transplantation

  8. The difference of the gut microbiota composition before and after washed microbiota transplantation

    The composition of the gut microbiota is evaluated by sequencing faecal metagenome. We evaluate the differences in the structure of the flora and its metabolism.

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  9. Change of insulin-like growth factor I(IGF-I)

    Blood is tested for Insulin-like growth factor I.

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  10. Changes of hemoglobin

    Blood is tested for hemoglobin

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  11. Changes of albumin

    Blood is tested for albumin

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  12. Changes of prealbumin

    Blood is tested for prealbumin

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  13. Changes of cholesterol

    Blood is tested for cholesterol

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  14. Changes of transferrin

    Blood is tested for transferrin

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  15. Changes of C-reactive protein

    Blood is tested for C-reactive protein

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  16. Changes of full spectrum of bile acidsare

    Blood is tested for full spectrum of bile acidsare, including Cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, urs/hyodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, glycocholic acid, glycolithocholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycouran Deoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid.

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

  17. Changes of glucose breath testing

    A baseline breath sample was obtained, patients drank 50g glucose dissolved in 8 ounces of water, and breath samples were obtained at 15-minute intervals for 2 hours. Samples were analyzed to calculate breath H2 and/or breath CH4.

    Time frame: baseline, 8 weeks post transplantation

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Csendes A, Burgos AM, Smok G, Burdiles P, Braghetto I, Diaz JC. Latest results (12-21 years) of a prospective randomized study comparing Billroth II and Roux-en-Y anastomosis after a partial gastrectomy plus vagotomy in patients with duodenal ulcers. Ann Surg. 2009 Feb;249(2):189-94. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181921aa1. PubMed 19212169 ↗
  • Nishizaki D, Ganeko R, Hoshino N, Hida K, Obama K, Furukawa TA, Sakai Y, Watanabe N. Roux-en-Y versus Billroth-I reconstruction after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Sep 15;9(9):CD012998. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012998.pub2. PubMed 34523717 ↗
  • Zhang F, Luo W, Shi Y, Fan Z, Ji G. Should we standardize the 1,700-year-old fecal microbiota transplantation? Am J Gastroenterol. 2012 Nov;107(11):1755; author reply p.1755-6. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2012.251. No abstract available. PubMed 23160295 ↗
  • Xiang L, Yu Y, Ding X, Zhang H, Wen Q, Cui B, Zhang F. Exclusive Enteral Nutrition Plus Immediate vs. Delayed Washed Microbiota Transplantation in Crohn's Disease With Malnutrition: A Randomized Pilot Study. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Oct 22;8:666062. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.666062. eCollection 2021. PubMed 34746161 ↗
  • Levine A, Wine E, Assa A, Sigall Boneh R, Shaoul R, Kori M, Cohen S, Peleg S, Shamaly H, On A, Millman P, Abramas L, Ziv-Baran T, Grant S, Abitbol G, Dunn KA, Bielawski JP, Van Limbergen J. Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition Induces Sustained Remission in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Gastroenterology. 2019 Aug;157(2):440-450.e8. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.04.021. Epub 2019 Jun 4. PubMed 31170412 ↗
  • Peng Z, Xiang J, He Z, Zhang T, Xu L, Cui B, Li P, Huang G, Ji G, Nie Y, Wu K, Fan D, Zhang F. Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing: A novel way of transplanting fecal microbiota. Endosc Int Open. 2016 Jun;4(6):E610-3. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-105205. Epub 2016 Apr 28. PubMed 27556065 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Clinical study report

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Oct 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Oct 2025, 12 months after the start.

Of 392 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Malnutrition, half reached primary completion within 21 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 37. This study's planned 12 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 418 studies reached it within 22 months; a quarter within 11 and three quarters within 37.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 19, 2022
First posted
Jun 30, 2022
StartActual
Oct 20, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Oct 31, 2025
CompletionEst.
Oct 31, 2025
Last update
Jul 10, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 10, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05439135
Lead sponsor
The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Collaborators
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Hubei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital Of Southwest Medical University, Tang-Du Hospital, Huzhou Central Hospital, West China Fourth Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Guangzhou First People Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rectum Hospital, Dazhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, PLA No. 901 Hospital of the Joint Support Force, YI'AN PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Jiamusi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, LanZhou University, Jingxing xian yiyuan, TAIHE country people's hospital, Tailai County People's Hospital, Armed Police Characteristic Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University
Responsible party
Faming Zhang (Associate professor, Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jun 30, 2022
Start date
Oct 20, 2024
Primary completion
Oct 31, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Oct 31, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jul 10, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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