An interventional study of Real-Time Exposure Feedback in Risk Reduction, Environmental Exposure and Risk Behavior, Health, sponsored by University of Utah. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-25.
Sponsored by University of Utah · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention
The goal of this study is to examine what effect real-time feedback on particulate matter (PM) air pollution levels has on risk recognition and behavior. The hypothesis is that real-time exposure feedback will change perceptions of risk and increase behaviors that avoid exposure to environmental risks. At least one representative household member in participating households will complete a questionnaire to fully understand environmental concerns, risk perceptions, and related behaviors. Half of the households will have PM monitors that continuously display real-time concentrations and an indication of the hazard level. The other participants will have the same device but it will only display the date and time. All participants will then be surveyed again: (a) immediately after sampling is complete (i.e., when the devices are removed from the home), (b) after 3 months and, (c) after 6 months. The goal of repeated surveys is to determine changing understanding of risks, how participating in research and/or receiving real-time exposure data may have changed participant behavior, and what concerns they continue to have. The questionnaire will include questions with categorical and/or quantitative answers (e.g., frequency of specific behaviors) so that changes in risk perception and behavior can be effectively analyzed.
291 studies on the registry are indexed under Risk Reduction Behavior; 39 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 30 is below the median of 201 across 250 interventional studies indexed under Risk Reduction Behavior.
Browse Risk Reduction Behavior studies →University of Utah is the lead sponsor of 994 studies on the registry; 175 are open to participants now.
Of its 114 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 69 (61%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Participants must live in a household where at least one adult is a member of the N. Arapaho tribe who is a Primary Participant in the related exposure assessment study.
Participants will receive real-time exposure monitors that continuously display real-time air concentration information and a color-coded designation for the current risk level.
Device: Real-Time Exposure Feedback
Participants will have exposure levels monitored by the same device, but it will only display the date/time and will not provide real-time feedback.
Participants will receive real-time exposure monitors that continuously display real-time air concentration information and a color-coded designation for the current risk level.
Behaviors Related to Reduction in Exposure at Device Removal
Outcomes will be measured by units on a scale that describe how often (frequency) behaviors related to reduction in particulate matter exposure occur. Four (4) behaviors were evaluated for frequency of daily (score=1), weekly (score=2), monthly (score=3), yearly (score=4), never (score=5), and not applicable (score=0). These were summed for a final score. The possible score range was from 0 (none of the behaviors were applicable) to 20 (none of the behaviors were ever done). For example, if all four behaviors were done weekly the final score would be 2+2+2+2 = 8. The outcome measure was obtained before and after sampling. The reported outcome measure here is the change in the combined score. Positive change indicates increased frequency of exposure-reduction behaviors.
Time frame: From baseline to device removal, up to 3 months
Behaviors Related to Reduction in Exposure 1-3 Months After Device Removal
Outcomes will be measured by units on a scale that describe how often (frequency) behaviors related to reduction in particulate matter exposure occur. Four (4) behaviors were evaluated for frequency of daily (score=1), weekly (score=2), monthly (score=3), yearly (score=4), never (score=5), and not applicable (score=0). These were summed for a final score. The possible score range was from 0 (none of the behaviors were applicable) to 20 (none of the behaviors were ever done). For example, if all four behaviors were done weekly the final score would be 2+2+2+2 = 8. The outcome measure was obtained before and after sampling. The reported outcome measure here is the change in the combined score. Positive change indicates increased frequency of exposure-reduction behaviors.
Time frame: From baseline to 1-3 months after removal of device, up to 6 months
Behaviors Related to Reduction in Exposure 3-6 Months After Device Removal
Outcomes will be measured by units on a scale that describe how often (frequency) behaviors related to reduction in particulate matter exposure occur. Four (4) behaviors were evaluated for frequency of daily (score=1), weekly (score=2), monthly (score=3), yearly (score=4), never (score=5), and not applicable (score=0). These were summed for a final score. The possible score range was from 0 (none of the behaviors were applicable) to 20 (none of the behaviors were ever done). For example, if all four behaviors were done weekly the final score would be 2+2+2+2 = 8. The outcome measure was obtained before and after sampling. The reported outcome measure here is the change in the combined score. Positive change indicates increased frequency of exposure-reduction behaviors.
Time frame: From baseline to 3-6 months after removal of device, up to 9 months
Recruitment occurred primarily through word of mouth, posted flyers, booths at local events, and social media announcements.
| Milestone | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 13 | 11 |
| Post sampling survey | 4 | 8 |
| 3 month post survey | 0 | 1 |
| 6 month post survey | 0 | 1 |
| Completed | 0 | 1 |
| Not completed | 13 | 10 |
Outcomes will be measured by units on a scale that describe how often (frequency) behaviors related to reduction in particulate matter exposure occur. Four (4) behaviors were evaluated for frequency of daily (score=1), weekly (score=2), monthly (score=3), yearly (score=4), never (score=5), and not applicable (score=0). These were summed for a final score. The possible score range was from 0 (none of the behaviors were applicable) to 20 (none of the behaviors were ever done). For example, if all four behaviors were done weekly the final score would be 2+2+2+2 = 8. The outcome measure was obtained before and after sampling. The reported outcome measure here is the change in the combined score. Positive change indicates increased frequency of exposure-reduction behaviors.
| Change in frequency score | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback |
|---|---|---|
| Behaviors Related to Reduction in Exposure at Device Removal | 0 (0 to 5) | 0 (-3 to 5) |
Outcomes will be measured by units on a scale that describe how often (frequency) behaviors related to reduction in particulate matter exposure occur. Four (4) behaviors were evaluated for frequency of daily (score=1), weekly (score=2), monthly (score=3), yearly (score=4), never (score=5), and not applicable (score=0). These were summed for a final score. The possible score range was from 0 (none of the behaviors were applicable) to 20 (none of the behaviors were ever done). For example, if all four behaviors were done weekly the final score would be 2+2+2+2 = 8. The outcome measure was obtained before and after sampling. The reported outcome measure here is the change in the combined score. Positive change indicates increased frequency of exposure-reduction behaviors.
| Change in frequency score | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback |
|---|---|---|
| Behaviors Related to Reduction in Exposure 1-3 Months After Device Removal | — | 1 (1 to 1) |
Outcomes will be measured by units on a scale that describe how often (frequency) behaviors related to reduction in particulate matter exposure occur. Four (4) behaviors were evaluated for frequency of daily (score=1), weekly (score=2), monthly (score=3), yearly (score=4), never (score=5), and not applicable (score=0). These were summed for a final score. The possible score range was from 0 (none of the behaviors were applicable) to 20 (none of the behaviors were ever done). For example, if all four behaviors were done weekly the final score would be 2+2+2+2 = 8. The outcome measure was obtained before and after sampling. The reported outcome measure here is the change in the combined score. Positive change indicates increased frequency of exposure-reduction behaviors.
| Change in frequency score | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback |
|---|---|---|
| Behaviors Related to Reduction in Exposure 3-6 Months After Device Removal | — | 5 (5 to 5) |
Collected over All-Cause Mortality, Serious, and Other Adverse Events were not monitored/assessed.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Real-Time Feedback | — | — | — |
| No Feedback | — | — | — |
| Age, Customized(Participants) | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age — <18 years | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Age — >= 18 years | 13 | 11 | 24 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| Male | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Real-Time Feedback | No Feedback | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 13 | 11 | 24 |
| Asian | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Black or African American | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| White | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| More than one race | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 |
PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.
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