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RecruitingNCT05233891ValPlastUpdated Jul 3, 2025

Validation of Scales in Reconstructive Breast Surgery

An observational study in Breast Cancer and Breast Hypertrophy, sponsored by Vastra Gotaland Region. Recruiting at 1 site in Sweden. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 100 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-07-03.

Sponsored by Vastra Gotaland Region · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
500
Ages
18 Years to 100 Years
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

The main purpose of the project is to validate patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs) in reconstructive breast surgery. BREAST-Q will be evaluated for Swedish and Sweden.Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), EuroQol 5D (EQ5D), and SF-36 will be validated for reconstructive breast surgery. In addition, the complication classification system according to Clavien-Dindo will be validated for reconstructive breast surgery.

02

Conditions studied

  • Breast Cancer
  • Breast Hypertrophy

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Keywords

  • plastic surgery
  • breast reconstruction
  • patient reported outcome
  • complication
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 100 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Women who will have or have had reconstructive breast surgery.

Inclusion criteria

  • Women who have had or will have reconstructive breast surgery in Sahlgrenska university hospital.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Do not understand Swedish.
04

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
500 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Breast reconstruction after breast cancer

    Women who have had/have breast cancer and will have/have had a breast reconstruction.

    Procedure: Breast reconstruction

  • Breast reduction

    Women who have had/will have a breast reduction due to breast hypertrophy.

    Procedure: Breast reduction

Interventions

  • ProcedureBreast reconstruction

    Breast reconstruction after breast cancer.

  • ProcedureBreast reduction

    Breast reduction due to breast hypertrophy.

    Also known as: mammoplasty reduction

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Validation and reliability of BREAST-Q for Sweden

    Breast-Q measures breast related quality of life on a scale 1-100. A higher score indicates a higher quality of life.

    Time frame: Pre-operatively

  2. Validation and reliability of BREAST-Q for Sweden

    Breast-Q measures breast related quality of life on a scale 1-100. A higher score indicates a higher quality of life.

    Time frame: 5 years postoperatively

  3. Validation and reliability of EuroQol-5 dimensions, 3 levels for reconstructive breast surgery

    EuroQol-5 dimensions-3 levels (EQ5D) is a generic instrument developed for health economic and clinical evaluation of healthcare. A total score between 0 and 1 is calculated. Zero equals death and 1 perfect health.

    Time frame: Pre-operatively

  4. Validation and reliability of EuroQol-5 dimensions, 3 levels for reconstructive breast surgery

    EuroQol-5 dimensions-3 levels (EQ5D) is a generic instrument developed for health economic and clinical evaluation of healthcare. A total score between 0 and 1 is calculated. Zero equals death and 1 perfect health.

    Time frame: 5 years postoperatively

  5. Validation and reliability of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) for Reconstructive breast surgery

    The HADS is a self-report rating scale of 14 items on a 4-point Likert scale (range 0-3). It is designed to measure anxiety and depression (7 items for each subscale). The total score is the sum of the 14 items, and for each subscale the score is the sum of the respective seven items (ranging from 0-21).

    Time frame: Pre-operatively

  6. Validation and reliability of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) for Reconstructive breast surgery

    The HADS is a self-report rating scale of 14 items on a 4-point Likert scale (range 0-3). It is designed to measure anxiety and depression (7 items for each subscale). The total score is the sum of the 14 items, and for each subscale the score is the sum of the respective seven items (ranging from 0-21).

    Time frame: 5 years postoperatively

  7. Validation and reliability of RAND-36 for reconstructive breast surgery

    It comprises eight subdomains: physical functioning (10 items), role limitations caused by physical health problems (4 items), role limitations caused by emotional problems (3 items), social functioning (2 items), emotional well-being (5 items), energy/fatigue (4 items), pain (2 items), and general health perceptions (5 items) where patients score their health during the last four weeks on Likert scales. Every item score is transformed linearly to the per cent of total possible score (0-100) and then averaged by the values of the scale. A subscore is calculated for each domain and in addition two summary scores, physical and mental health, are calculated.

    Time frame: Pre-operatively

  8. Validation and reliability of RAND-36 for reconstructive breast surgery

    It comprises eight subdomains: physical functioning (10 items), role limitations caused by physical health problems (4 items), role limitations caused by emotional problems (3 items), social functioning (2 items), emotional well-being (5 items), energy/fatigue (4 items), pain (2 items), and general health perceptions (5 items) where patients score their health during the last four weeks on Likert scales. Every item score is transformed linearly to the per cent of total possible score (0-100) and then averaged by the values of the scale. A subscore is calculated for each domain and in addition two summary scores, physical and mental health, are calculated.

    Time frame: 5 years postoperatively

  9. Validation of Clavion-Dindo classification for reconstructive breast surgery

    The Clavien-Dindo system is based on ranking the severity of the intervention required to treat a given complication, as follows: grade I includes deviations from the postoperative course without the need for pharmacological treatment or surgical/endoscopic/radiological intervention; grade II complications require pharmacological treatment, blood transfusion, or total parental nutrition; grade III complications require surgical/endoscopic/radiological intervention; grade IV includes life-threatening complications, including those involving the central nervous system, that require intensive care treatment; and grade V includes complications that result in death.

    Time frame: 5 years postoperatively

06

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Sahlgrenska university hospital
    Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
    Recruiting
07

References and documents

Publications

  • Weick L, Brorson F, Jepsen C, Liden M, Jensen EW, Hansson E. Giving meaning to patient reported outcomes in breast reconstruction after mastectomy - A systematic review of available scores and suggestions for further research. Breast. 2022 Feb;61:91-97. doi: 10.1016/j.breast.2021.11.008. Epub 2021 Nov 25. PubMed 34929423 ↗
  • Kamya L, Hansson E, Weick L, Hansson E. Validation and reliability testing of the Breast-Q latissimus dorsi questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties in a Swedish population. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2021 Jul 3;19(1):174. doi: 10.1186/s12955-021-01812-x. PubMed 34217326 ↗
  • Weick L, Grimby-Ekman A, Lunde C, Hansson E. Validation and reliability testing of the BREAST-Q expectations questionnaire in Swedish. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2023 Feb-Dec;57(1-6):315-323. doi: 10.1080/2000656X.2022.2070180. Epub 2022 May 9. PubMed 35533094 ↗
  • Jepsen C, Paganini A, Hansson E. Validation and reliability testing of the Swedish version of the BREAST-Q reconstruction. Scand J Surg. 2026 Mar;115(1):88-96. doi: 10.1177/14574969251387498. Epub 2025 Oct 26. PubMed 41139858 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05233891
Lead sponsor
Vastra Gotaland Region
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 10, 2022
Start date
Jun 21, 2021
Primary completion
Dec 21, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 21, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Jul 3, 2025

Study contacts

Emma Hansson, MD, PhD
Contact
emma.em.hansson@vgregion.se
+46313421000

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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