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CompletedNCT05177120FMFUpdated Nov 10, 2022

Central Sensitization in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)

An observational study in Familial Mediterranean Fever and Central Sensitisation, sponsored by Marmara University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-11-10.

Sponsored by Marmara University · Observational

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Study type
Observational
Model
Case-only
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Enrollment
100
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-14

Among 20 studies in Familial Mediterranean Fever with a site in Turkey — 7 open to participants now, 8 under way, none of them phase 3. Familial Mediterranean Fever · Turkey.

Enrollment
3rd of 10
100 · median 80
Started
2021
with 2 others
Observational
10 of 20
4 open now
Registered
9th of 20
by date
Lead sponsor
2 of 20
Marmara University

Among the 20 studies in Familial Mediterranean Fever with a site in Turkey, this one is the 3rd largest by enrollment of the 10 observational ones that give a count, is one of 3 that started in 2021, is one of 10 observational ones, and was the 9th registered.

Familial Mediterranean Fever

61 studies on the registry are indexed under Familial Mediterranean Fever; 27 are open to participants now.

Browse Familial Mediterranean Fever studies →

Open to participants now

7 of the 20 studies in Familial Mediterranean Fever with a site in Turkey are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

2 more — sign in →

All 7 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Turkey have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Turkey →

Who these studies take

Of the 12 Familial Mediterranean Fever studies recruiting now, 4 (33%) set no upper age limit and 5 (42%) stop at 75 or younger; 10 take children under 18; 3 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 75 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 20 studies in Familial Mediterranean Fever with a site in Turkey, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease with a course of autoinflammation, which is characterized by the episodes of fever and serositis. Central sensitization (CS) is defined as increased response to normal or sub-threshold stimuli of central nervous system and its close relationship with many rheumatological diseases has been demonstrated in several studies. However, there are no data on the frequency of CS in FMF patients.

Read the detailed description

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a self-limiting autoinflammatory disease with well-defined genetic and clinical features. Recurrent episodes of fever and serositis accompanied by increased acute phase reactants and good response to colchicine are the core components of the disease. The frequency of this disease, which is common in Eastern Mediterranean countries, is variable according to regions, but it is reported as 1/1000. In the pathogenesis of the disease, the mutation of the MEFV (Mediterranean Fever) gene, which is located on the 16th chromosome and encodes the pyrin protein, is known as the basic mechanism.In rheumatic diseases, inflammatory mediators cause CS by first creating changes in the regulation of pain in peripheral neurons and then in spinal and supraspinal pathways. Stimulation of peripheral nerves by mediators released during inflammation results in neurogenic inflammation, which is among the peripheral sensitization (PS) mechanisms. PS is defined as the increased sensitivity of nociceptive neurons to normal or below-threshold stimuli and constitutes the first step in the development of CS.Similar to other autoimmune diseases, it is possible that the neuroinflammatory process triggers peripheral and central sensitization mechanisms in FMF patients and affects pain pathways.

03

Conditions studied

  • Familial Mediterranean Fever
  • Central Sensitisation

Keywords

  • Familial Mediterranean Fever
  • Central Sensitization
  • Central Sensitization Inventory
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Patients with FMF

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Agree to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Had another systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases
  • Using centrally acting pain medications (e.g., pregabalin, duloxetine, opioids) or (>10 mg prednisone or its equivalent)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

05

Study design

Observational model
Case-only
Time perspective
Cross-sectional
Enrollment
100 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • FMF patients

    Patients with diagnosed FMF

    Diagnostic Test: Central Sensitization Inventory · Other: Short form-36 · Other: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index · Other: Health assessment questionnaire · Other: Hospital anxiety and depression scale · Diagnostic Test: Fibromyalgia rapid screening tool · Other: Familial Mediterranean Fever Quality of life scale

Interventions

  • Diagnostic testCentral Sensitization Inventory

    Standardized questionnaire to determine the level of central sensitization

    Also known as: CSI

  • OtherShort form-36

    Standardized questionnaire to investigate the quality of life in patients

    Also known as: SF-36

  • OtherPittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

    Standardized questionnaire to investigate the sleep quality and disturbance

    Also known as: PSQI

  • OtherHealth assessment questionnaire

    Standardized questionnaire used to detect the presence of disability

    Also known as: HAQ

  • OtherHospital anxiety and depression scale

    Standardized questionnaire to investigate the depression and anxiety

    Also known as: HADS

  • Diagnostic testFibromyalgia rapid screening tool

    Standardized questionnaire to determine the presence of fibromyalgia

    Also known as: FIRST

  • OtherFamilial Mediterranean Fever Quality of life scale

    Standardized questionnaire to investigate the quality of life in Familial Mediterranean Fever patients

    Also known as: FMFQoL

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI)

    25 somatic and psychosocial symptoms, which are frequently found in patients with central sensitization in part A, are questioned. In part B, the presence of diseases whose relationship with central sensitization is well defined is questioned in the patient without participating in scoring. Central sensitization is assumed in patients who score 40 or more over 100 points.

    Time frame: 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Short form-36 (SF-36)

    The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) is an oft-used, well-researched, self-reported measure of health.The scale consists of 36 questions questioning 8 sub-parameters regarding the health status of the person.These parameters are physical function, pain, limitation due to physical and emotional problems, emotional well-being, social function, fatigue and general health perception. High scores are associated with improved quality of life.

    Time frame: 6 months

  2. Familial Mediterranean Fever Quality of Life Scale (FMF-QoL)

    FMF-QoL was developed to evaluate the quality of life in FMF patients. This scale consists of 20 questions in the form of a Likert scale and the total scoring is between 0-80. High scores indicate a decrease in quality of life.

    Time frame: 6 months

  3. Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)

    n the scale, difficulty in performing 20 specific tasks from 8 categories is questioned and the scoring is between 0-60. High scores are associated with increased disability.

    Time frame: 6 months

  4. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

    This scale consists of 14 questions in total, and anxiety symptoms are questioned in half of the questions and depression-related complaints in the other half. A subscore of 8 or higher for depression or anxiety is considered a clinical case.

    Time frame: 6 months

  5. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

    The questionnaire includes 21 questions covering 7 components that investigate the symptoms of sleep disturbances. Scores range from 0 to 21 and a score of \>5 is considered as a sleep disorder.

    Time frame: 6 months

  6. Fibromyalgia Rapid Screening Tool (FIRST).

    This scale consists of 6 questions investigating the most relevant clinical features of fibromyalgia. The questions are answered as yes/no and 5 or more out of 6 points in total are in favor of fibromyalgia.

    Time frame: 6 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Feyza Nur Yücel
    Sinop, 57200, Turkey
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Lee YC, Bingham CO 3rd, Edwards RR, Marder W, Phillips K, Bolster MB, Clauw DJ, Moreland LW, Lu B, Wohlfahrt A, Zhang Z, Neogi T. Association Between Pain Sensitization and Disease Activity in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Feb;70(2):197-204. doi: 10.1002/acr.23266. Erratum In: Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 Apr;72(4):599. doi: 10.1002/acr.24187. PubMed 28437846 ↗
  • Mayer TG, Neblett R, Cohen H, Howard KJ, Choi YH, Williams MJ, Perez Y, Gatchel RJ. The development and psychometric validation of the central sensitization inventory. Pain Pract. 2012 Apr;12(4):276-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00493.x. Epub 2011 Sep 27. PubMed 21951710 ↗
  • Pinar R. Reliability and construct validity of the SF-36 in Turkish cancer patients. Qual Life Res. 2005 Feb;14(1):259-64. doi: 10.1007/s11136-004-2393-3. PubMed 15789959 ↗
  • Unal-Ulutatar C, Duruoz MT. Development and validation of a quality of life scale in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMFQoL). Mod Rheumatol. 2021 May;31(3):710-717. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2020.1775946. Epub 2020 Jun 26. PubMed 32475195 ↗
  • Senerdem N, Gul A, Konice M, Aral O, Ocal L, Inanc M, Yuzbasioglu N. The use of two different Health Assessment Questionnaires in Turkish rheumatoid arthritis population and assessment of the associations with disability. Clin Rheumatol. 1999;18(1):33-7. doi: 10.1007/s100670050048. PubMed 10088946 ↗
  • Bjelland I, Dahl AA, Haug TT, Neckelmann D. The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. An updated literature review. J Psychosom Res. 2002 Feb;52(2):69-77. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00296-3. PubMed 11832252 ↗
  • Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193-213. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4. PubMed 2748771 ↗
  • Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) in Turkey: results of a nationwide multicenter study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2005 Jan;84(1):1-11. doi: 10.1097/01.md.0000152370.84628.0c. PubMed 15643295 ↗
  • Ancient missense mutations in a new member of the RoRet gene family are likely to cause familial Mediterranean fever. The International FMF Consortium. Cell. 1997 Aug 22;90(4):797-807. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80539-5. PubMed 9288758 ↗
  • Latremoliere A, Woolf CJ. Central sensitization: a generator of pain hypersensitivity by central neural plasticity. J Pain. 2009 Sep;10(9):895-926. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2009.06.012. PubMed 19712899 ↗
  • Silva RL, Lopes AH, Guimaraes RM, Cunha TM. CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling in pathological pain: Role in peripheral and central sensitization. Neurobiol Dis. 2017 Sep;105:109-116. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 3. PubMed 28587921 ↗
09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Jun 2021 to primary completion in Apr 2022, 10 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 3, 2022
First posted
Jan 4, 2022
StartActual
Jun 1, 2021
Primary completionActual
Apr 10, 2022
CompletionActual
Aug 3, 2022
Last update
Nov 10, 2022
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 10, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05177120
Lead sponsor
Marmara University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 4, 2022
Start date
Jun 1, 2021
Primary completion
Apr 10, 2022
Completion
Aug 3, 2022
Last update
Nov 10, 2022

Study contacts

Canan Sanal- Toprak, Asst.Prof
study chair · Marmara University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Dec 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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