An observational study in EUS-FNA, Rectal Cancer and Pathological Complete Remission, sponsored by Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. Completed at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-09-01.
Sponsored by Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University · Observational
Colorectal cancer is one of the most malignancies worldwide. The dominant clinical research strategy of LARC includes neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy before radical surgery followed combined with adjuvant treatment. Approximately 15% to 20% of the patients after nCRT can achieve a pathologic complete response (pCR)---no residual tumor is reported at histology after a standard resection. Some researchers suggest that those patients with pCR can be spared the morbidities of surgery instead by a nonoperative approach---watch- and-wait(W\&W). However, neither FDG-PET, MRI, CT, nor enteroscopy can accurately determine a pCR.
EUS-FNA has been an important technique for the diagnosis of rectal cancer for its high accuracy and little harm. However, data on the TRUS-FNA for the cytologic diagnosis of pCR in rectal cancer is scarce. Our hypothesis is that adding transrectal ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (TRUS-FNA) compared with enteroscopy , MR, and CT alone can improve the accuracy of predicting pCR after nCRT.Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the performance characteristics of EUS-FNA in this setting.
Following the neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer, appropriately 15-20%of patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment can achieve pathological complete response: a condition of no tumor cell detected in surgical specimens, which usually suggests improved oncology outcomes. In 2004, Habr-Gama, A et al. proposed that surgical resection may not increase overall and disease-free survival in these patients and lead to an increased risk of surgical complications and permanent stoma. Therefore, they suggested that nonoperative treatment, which is now referred to as "watch-and-wait"--patients with clinical complete response (cCR) can avoid unnecessary surgery and be managed by strict follow-up and observation alone. A series of studies have shown impressive survival outcomes in patients who received nonoperativetreatment:85-93% and 82-94% in 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival, respectively. Also, in case of relapse, the rate of successfully performed salvage surgery was 80-91%.
However, determining pCR after neoadjuvant treatment for distal rectal cancer remains a dilemma for clinicians. Different imaging modalities, including digital rectal examination (DRE), fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), Computed Tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and endoscopy have been well evaluated for the efficacy of predicting pCR. In contrast, none of them proved to be reliable.
Duldulao et al. found that after neoadjuvant treatment, rectal tumor cells are distributed preferentially in the muscularis of the bowel wall while few in the mucosa. That is why superficial biopsies were inadequate, and full-thickness apparitions on tumor focus may provide adequate sampling to rule out malignancy for all stages of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment. Therefore, fine-needle aspiration assisted with TRUS (TRUS-FNA), which can harvest a whole layer of the bowel wall, has shown obvious advantages in this setting.
Although widely used in clinical practice, studies regarding the application of TRUS-FNA in predicting pCR after preoperative therapy of rectal cancer were scarce. We hypothesized that TRUS-FNA could improve the clinical practice of identifying patients achieving pCR after neoadjuvant treatment. Accordingly, we conducted this prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of TURS-FNA, compared with other imaging modalities, TRUS, MRI, CT, enteroscopy, and superficial biopsy, in predicting pCR of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment.
1,804 studies on the registry are indexed under Rectal Neoplasms; 520 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 63 is below the median of 156 across 421 observational studies indexed under Rectal Neoplasms.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Those patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment and completed the examination of TRUS-FNA, TRUS, CT, MR, enteroscopy and superficial biopsy
Device: TRUS-FNA
Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration for rectal tumor
the accuracy of predicting pCR after nCRT
The primary endpoint was the predictive yield of TRUS-FNA for pathological complete responses after neoadjuvant treatment.
Time frame: 25/05/2021-25/05/2022
Plan to share: No — there is no plan to make individual participant data (IPD) available to other researchers.
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This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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