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CompletedNCT04841603Updated Jul 27, 2021

Brief Digital CBT for Mood and Anxiety Symptoms in Acute Psychiatric Inpatients

An interventional study of Mindshift CBT and Treatment as Usual in Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms and Distress, Emotional, sponsored by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. Completed at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-07-27.

Sponsored by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
24
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

A randomized control trial examining the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of providing access to the MindShift CBT mobile app via tablet for acute psychiatric inpatients.

Read the detailed description

Psychiatric inpatients expect more psychosocial intervention during their inpatient stay than they receive. During the COVID-19 pandemic, existing interventions have been further reduced. Mood and anxiety symptoms are common for all inpatients across diagnostic categories. Studies have shown that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can be effective for treating these symptoms among inpatients. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Mindshift CBT app (an app based on principles of cognitive behavioural therapy) is an acceptable, feasible, and useable intervention for inpatients.

The Mindshift CBT app is a tool designed and maintained by Anxiety Canada. It includes tools for daily mood check-ins, healthy thinking, calming intense emotions, and taking actions to change behaviours associated with anxiety and low mood. It also includes information about the common types of anxiety.

The proposed trial includes 12 patients per arm. All participants in control and intervention groups will have access to assigned tablet devices throughout the study period, though only those in the intervention group will have the MindShift CBT app on their device. All participants will undergo assessments at baseline and at the end of the intervention period (1 week).

02

Conditions studied

  • Anxiety
  • Depressive Symptoms
  • Distress, Emotional
  • Anxiety and Fear
  • Anxiety State
  • Mental Disorders, Severe
  • Psychiatric Hospitalization

Keywords

  • inpatient psychiatry
  • psychiatric admission
  • mobile app
  • inpatient CBT
03

In context

Anxiety Disorders

4,868 studies on the registry are indexed under Anxiety Disorders; 1,390 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 24 is below the median of 80 across 4,174 interventional studies indexed under Anxiety Disorders.

Browse Anxiety Disorders studies →

Lead sponsor

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health is the lead sponsor of 327 studies on the registry; 51 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Admitted to the acute inpatient unit
  • Fluent in English
  • Dynamic Appraisal for Situational Aggression (DASA) score \<=3
  • Capable to consent to participation as assessed by the treating physician

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of moderate-severe learning disability
  • Diagnosis of moderate-severe neurocognitive disorder
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
24 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Treatment as usual

    Treatment as usual

    Device: Treatment as Usual

  • Experimental
    Mindshift CBT

    Treatment as usual + Access to Mindshift CBT app

    Device: Mindshift CBT

Interventions

  • DeviceMindshift CBT

    A tablet with the Mindshift CBT app installed. Mindshift CBT is a free, evidence based app developed by Anxiety Canada, designed to help users reduce symptoms of anxiety and distress.

    Also known as: CBT mobile app

  • DeviceTreatment as Usual

    Treatment as usual. A tablet identical to the intervention group, but without the Mindshift CBT app is available for patients to use during their inpatient stay.

    Also known as: Tablet

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Retention rates

    Feasibility - whether the intervention is possible in the acute inpatient setting

    Time frame: 1 week

  2. Recruitment rates

    Feasibility - whether the intervention is possible in the acute inpatient setting

    Time frame: 1 week

  3. Client Satisfaction Questionnaire 8 (CSQ-8)

    Acceptability - whether the intervention is appropriate for the acute inpatient setting. The CSQ-8 scores range from 8 to 32, with higher values indicating higher satisfaction with the intervention.

    Time frame: 1 week

  4. User Experience Questionnaire (UXQ)

    Usability - whether the intervention is serviceable for its intended purpose. The UXQ has 11 items exploring characteristics informing usability of mobile apps, each scored from 0-10, for a total score ranging from 10-110 (with larger scores indicating increased usability).

    Time frame: 1 week

  5. Qualitative Data Analysis

    From focus groups, to inform feasibility, usability, and acceptability

    Time frame: 1 week

Secondary outcomes

  1. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)

    Preliminary efficacy - whether symptoms of depression are improved by the intervention. PHQ-9 is scored from 0 to 27 with higher scores indicating increasing severity of symptoms.

    Time frame: 1 week

  2. General Anxiety Disorder 7 Scale (GAD-7)

    Preliminary efficacy - whether symptoms of anxiety are improved by the intervention. GAD-7 total score for the seven items ranges from 0 to 21. Scores of 5, 10, and 15 represent cut points for mild, moderate, and severe anxiety.

    Time frame: 1 week

  3. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)

    Preliminary efficacy - whether symptoms of distress are improved by the intervention. Scores range from 10 to 50, with increasing scores indicating increasing distress and severity of symptoms.

    Time frame: 1 week

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
    Toronto, Ontario M6J1H4, Canada
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Radcliffe J, Smith R. Acute in-patient psychiatry: how patients spend their time on acute psychiatric wards. Psychiatric Bulletin. 2007 May;31(5):167-70.
  • Kösters M, Burlingame GM, Nachtigall C, Strauss B. A meta-analytic review of the effectiveness of inpatient group psychotherapy. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice. 2006 Jun;10(2):146.
  • Xia J, Merinder LB, Belgamwar MR. Psychoeducation for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jun 15;2011(6):CD002831. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002831.pub2. PubMed 21678337 ↗
  • Cuijpers P, Clignet F, van Meijel B, van Straten A, Li J, Andersson G. Psychological treatment of depression in inpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2011 Apr;31(3):353-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Jan 16. PubMed 21382540 ↗
  • Hopkins JE, Loeb SJ, Fick DM. Beyond satisfaction, what service users expect of inpatient mental health care: a literature review. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2009 Dec;16(10):927-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2009.01501.x. PubMed 19930367 ↗
  • Paul AM, Fleming CJ. Anxiety management on campus: an evaluation of a mobile health intervention. J Technol Behav Sci 2018 Sep 19;4(1):58-61.
  • Marshall JM, Dunstan DA, Bartik W. Effectiveness of Using Mental Health Mobile Apps as Digital Antidepressants for Reducing Anxiety and Depression: Protocol for a Multiple Baseline Across-Individuals Design. JMIR Res Protoc. 2020 Jul 5;9(7):e17159. doi: 10.2196/17159. PubMed 32623368 ↗
  • Attkisson CC, Zwick R. The client satisfaction questionnaire. Psychometric properties and correlations with service utilization and psychotherapy outcome. Eval Program Plann. 1982;5(3):233-7. doi: 10.1016/0149-7189(82)90074-x. PubMed 10259963 ↗
  • Husain MO et al. Evaluating the feasibility and acceptability of mobile health apps that deliver psychosocial interventions: using functional criteria to capture the user's experience (under review). Digital Health 2020.
  • Julious SA. Sample size of 12 per group rule of thumb for a pilot study. Pharmaceutical Statistics: The Journal of Applied Statistics in the Pharmaceutical Industry. 2005 Oct;4(4):287-91.
  • Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology. 2006 Jan 1;3(2):77-101.
  • Sharma G, Schlosser L, Jones BDM, Blumberger DM, Gratzer D, Husain MO, Mulsant BH, Rappaport L, Stergiopoulos V, Husain MI. Brief App-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Symptoms in Psychiatric Inpatients: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Form Res. 2022 Nov 2;6(11):e38460. doi: 10.2196/38460. PubMed 36322113 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 27, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04841603
Lead sponsor
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Responsible party
Gaurav Sharma (Resident Physician, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 12, 2021
Start date
Apr 12, 2021
Primary completion
May 11, 2021
Completion
May 11, 2021
Last update
Jul 27, 2021

Study contacts

Ishrat Husain, MBBS, MD (Res.), MRCPsych
principal investigator · Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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