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Active, not recruitingNCT04459416Updated Sep 30, 2026Results posted

Managing Pain and Symptom Burden Caused by Chemotherapy in People With Myeloma or Lymphoma

A Phase 3 interventional study of Acupuncture and opioid in Multiple Myeloma, Hodgkin Disease and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, sponsored by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Active, not recruiting at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-30.

Sponsored by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Updated Sep 30, 2026Study completion movedGo to Updates ↓
Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
299
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to find out whether acupuncture treatments can reduce the need for opioid medication when managing pain caused by chemotherapy. The study will compare the effects of adding acupuncture to usual pain management with those of usual pain management alone, in reducing opioid use by relieving pain. Researchers also want to find out more about the effects of acupuncture treatments on other symptoms caused by cancer treatments and quality of life.

02

Conditions studied

  • Multiple Myeloma
  • Hodgkin Disease
  • Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Keywords

  • Pain management
  • Acupuncture
  • 20-264
03

In context

Multiple Myeloma

3,632 studies on the registry are indexed under Multiple Myeloma; 745 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 299 is above the median of 41 across 2,907 interventional studies indexed under Multiple Myeloma.

Browse Multiple Myeloma studies →

Lead sponsor

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center is the lead sponsor of 1,930 studies on the registry; 328 are open to participants now.

Of its 129 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 66 (51%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • age 18 or older
  • pathological diagnosis of MM, HD or NHL
  • scheduled for high dose chemotherapy for auto-HSCT in the following month (30 days)
  • not taking opioids regularly in the week prior to consent (one-time dosing of opioids for a painful procedure is allowed)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of \<500/μl, platelet count of \<20,000/ μl or INR >2.0
  • acupuncture within two weeks prior to HiChemo (to avoid residual effects of acupuncture)
  • unable to provide informed consent
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
299 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Usual Care plus Acupuncture

    Acupuncture will start on Day 0 and continue once daily to Day 15, as long as the patient is inpatient or comes to the clinic for post-transplantation follow-up. to prevent severe pain. If acupuncture does not prevent severe pain, the participant will receive opioid medication as backup pain relief.

    Other: Acupuncture · Drug: opioid · Other: Assessments

  • Active comparator
    Usual Care

    Will receive only the usual pain management approach, which includes opioid medication when needed for severe pain, according to the routine guidelines for their care.

    Drug: opioid · Other: Assessments

Interventions

  • OtherAcupuncture

    Acupuncture treatments will be scheduled to cover the period of high symptom burden. Acupuncture will start on Day 0 and continue once daily to Day 15, as long as the patient is inpatient or comes to the clinic for post-transplantation follow-up. Electrical stimulation (e-acupuncture) may be applied to the ST36 and SP6 points when appropriate as per standard acupuncture practice.

  • Drugopioid

    All study patients will receive the usual HSCT care and pain management regimens (usually opioids) as per standard practice at the study institution.

  • OtherAssessments

    Participants will be asked to complete patient reported outcomes assessments online using REDCap or, If they prefer, via pencil and paper or over the phone. Assessments at baseline (within 4 weeks before HiChemo) and on or about days 7, 15, 30, and 90 after the first dose of HiChemo.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. the Number of Patients Using Opioids at a Given Time

    at a given time divided by the total number of patients randomized to that group at Day 7) by review of medication records and urine drug test

    Time frame: at day 7

  2. the Number of Patients Using Opioids at a Given Time

    at a given time divided by the total number of patients randomized to that group at Day 90) by review of medication records and urine drug test

    Time frame: at day 90

  3. Symptom Burden

    measured by M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Blood and Marrow Transplantaion (MDASI-BMT). The symptoms rated are feeling physically sick, weak, diarrhea, mouth sores, and bleeding. All symptoms are rated with reference to "the last 24 hours" on 0-10 numeric scales from "not present" to "as bad as you can imagine." MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score will serve as the symptom burden primary endpoint. The MDASI assesses the severity of symptoms at their worst in the last 24 hours on a 0-10 numerical scale with 0 being "not present" and 10 being "as bad as you can imagine. Total symptom severity was calculated by averaging all 18 items in the scale

    Time frame: At baseline

  4. Symptom Burden

    measured by M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Blood and Marrow Transplantaion (MDASI-BMT). The symptoms rated are feeling physically sick, weak, diarrhea, mouth sores, and bleeding. All symptoms are rated with reference to "the last 24 hours" on 0-10 numeric scales from "not present" to "as bad as you can imagine." MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score will serve as the symptom burden primary endpoint. The MDASI assesses the severity of symptoms at their worst in the last 24 hours on a 0-10 numerical scale with 0 being "not present" and 10 being "as bad as you can imagine. Total symptom severity was calculated by averaging all 18 items in the scale

    Time frame: At Day 7

  5. Symptom Burden

    measured by M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Blood and Marrow Transplantaion (MDASI-BMT). The symptoms rated are feeling physically sick, weak, diarrhea, mouth sores, and bleeding. All symptoms are rated with reference to "the last 24 hours" on 0-10 numeric scales from "not present" to "as bad as you can imagine." MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score will serve as the symptom burden primary endpoint. The MDASI assesses the severity of symptoms at their worst in the last 24 hours on a 0-10 numerical scale with 0 being "not present" and 10 being "as bad as you can imagine. Total symptom severity was calculated by averaging all 18 items in the scale

    Time frame: At Day 90

07

Results

Posted Dec 4, 2024

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
Started151147
Completed141134
Not completed1013
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up20
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject810
Withdrew: Disease progression03

Outcome measures

Primarythe Number of Patients Using Opioids at a Given Time

at a given time divided by the total number of patients randomized to that group at Day 7) by review of medication records and urine drug test

Time frame:
at day 7
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
the Number of Patients Using Opioids at a Given Time
ParticipantsAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
Using Opioid3543
No Opioid Use10691
Primarythe Number of Patients Using Opioids at a Given Time

at a given time divided by the total number of patients randomized to that group at Day 90) by review of medication records and urine drug test

Time frame:
at day 90
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
the Number of Patients Using Opioids at a Given Time
ParticipantsAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
Using Opioid68
No Opioid Use135126
PrimarySymptom Burden

measured by M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Blood and Marrow Transplantaion (MDASI-BMT). The symptoms rated are feeling physically sick, weak, diarrhea, mouth sores, and bleeding. All symptoms are rated with reference to "the last 24 hours" on 0-10 numeric scales from "not present" to "as bad as you can imagine." MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score will serve as the symptom burden primary endpoint. The MDASI assesses the severity of symptoms at their worst in the last 24 hours on a 0-10 numerical scale with 0 being "not present" and 10 being "as bad as you can imagine. Total symptom severity was calculated by averaging all 18 items in the scale

Time frame:
At baseline
Reported as:
Mean · MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score
Symptom Burden
MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity scoreAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
Symptom Burden2.06 (1.86 to 2.25)2.06 (1.86 to 2.26)
PrimarySymptom Burden

measured by M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Blood and Marrow Transplantaion (MDASI-BMT). The symptoms rated are feeling physically sick, weak, diarrhea, mouth sores, and bleeding. All symptoms are rated with reference to "the last 24 hours" on 0-10 numeric scales from "not present" to "as bad as you can imagine." MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score will serve as the symptom burden primary endpoint. The MDASI assesses the severity of symptoms at their worst in the last 24 hours on a 0-10 numerical scale with 0 being "not present" and 10 being "as bad as you can imagine. Total symptom severity was calculated by averaging all 18 items in the scale

Time frame:
At Day 7
Reported as:
Mean · MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score
Symptom Burden
MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity scoreAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
Symptom Burden2.96 (2.66 to 3.26)2.95 (2.63 to 3.27)
PrimarySymptom Burden

measured by M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Blood and Marrow Transplantaion (MDASI-BMT). The symptoms rated are feeling physically sick, weak, diarrhea, mouth sores, and bleeding. All symptoms are rated with reference to "the last 24 hours" on 0-10 numeric scales from "not present" to "as bad as you can imagine." MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score will serve as the symptom burden primary endpoint. The MDASI assesses the severity of symptoms at their worst in the last 24 hours on a 0-10 numerical scale with 0 being "not present" and 10 being "as bad as you can imagine. Total symptom severity was calculated by averaging all 18 items in the scale

Time frame:
At Day 90
Reported as:
Mean · MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity score
Symptom Burden
MDASIBMT Total Symptom Severity scoreAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
Symptom Burden1.46 (1.20 to 1.72)1.40 (1.12 to 1.68)

Adverse events

Collected over 90 days. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Acupuncture Plus Usual Care0/151 (0%)0/151 (0%)39/151 (25.8%)
Usual Care0/147 (0%)0/147 (0%)0/147 (0%)
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventAcupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual Care
BruisingInjury, poisoning and procedural complications26/1510/147
Pain/SorenessGeneral disorders7/1510/147
Burning sensationGeneral disorders1/1510/147
Skin discolorationSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders1/1510/147
Foot crampingMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/1510/147
Nose bleedRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/1510/147
Throbbing sensationGeneral disorders1/1510/147
TirednessGeneral disorders1/1510/147

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Acupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual CareTotal
Mean58.4 (24.8 to 77.7)58.1 (19.2 to 75.3)58.3 (19.2 to 77.7)
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Acupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual CareTotal
Female7368141
Male7879157
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Acupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual CareTotal
Hispanic or Latino101222
Not Hispanic or Latino141135276
Unknown or Not Reported000
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Acupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual CareTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native011
Asian10717
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander112
Black or African American201535
White114121235
More than one race628
Unknown or Not Reported000
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)Acupuncture Plus Usual CareUsual CareTotal
United States151147298
08

Study locations

3 sites
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
    New York, New York 10065, United States
  • Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
    Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
  • Seattle Cancel Care Alliance (Data Collection Only)
    Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Dec 21, 2022

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center supports the international committee of medical journal editors (ICMJE) and the ethical obligation of responsible sharing of data from clinical trials. The protocol summary, a statistical summary, and informed consent form will be made available on clinicaltrials.gov when required as a condition of Federal awards, other agreements supporting the research and/or as otherwise required. Requests for deidentified individual participant data can be made beginning 12 months after publication and for up to 36 months post publication. Deidentified individual participant data reported in the manuscript will be shared under the terms of a Data Use Agreement and may only be used for approved proposals. Requests may be made to: crdatashare@mskcc.org.

10

Updates

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
Study completion
Jun 2026→Jun 2027
Sep 30, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Sep 30, 2026
    Study completion Jun 2026→Jun 2027
    + 1 other change: verification date

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04459416
Lead sponsor
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Collaborators
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Hackensack Meridian Health
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jul 7, 2020
Start date
Jun 30, 2020
Primary completion
Jul 2, 2024
Completion
Jun 2027 (estimated)
Results posted
Dec 4, 2024
Last update
Sep 30, 2026

Study contacts

Jun Mao, MD, MSCE
principal investigator · Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

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