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CompletedNCT04418908EDENUpdated Jun 5, 2020

Estrogen, Diabetes, and Endothelial Function

An interventional study of Cetrorelix acetate, 0.25 mg/day and Estradiol Patch, 0.025 Mg/24 Hours Weekly Transdermal Film, Extended Release in Type 1 Diabetes, sponsored by University of Colorado, Denver. Completed. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-06-05.

Sponsored by University of Colorado, Denver · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 9 years 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Nov 2010, registered May 2020).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
40
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 45 Years
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

This study planned to learn more about women and how the drop in estradiol levels during menopause may affect their cardiovascular risk. With aging, the arteries that are located around the heart get stiffer, and this increase in arterial stiffness can lead to a number of health problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease. In this study, the investigators examined whether a short-term drop in estrogen levels caused arteries to become stiffer, and explored potential reasons for stiffening arteries.

Read the detailed description

Participants completed two study visits. The baseline study visit occurred during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, confirmed via take-home ovulation testing. On the day of the baseline study visit, all participants underwent ovarian sex hormone suppression with GnRHant therapy (cetrorelix acetate, 0.25 mg/day) delivered daily as subcutaneous injections for a 1-week period. Participants were randomized to one of two concurrent intervention groups: transdermal estradiol patch (0.075 mg/day) (+E2) or placebo patch (+PL) and returned for a follow-up visit after 1 week of the intervention. Both study visits included collection of anthropometric measures, a fasting blood sample, measures of arterial stiffness, flow-mediated dilation, and endothelial cells via an intravenous catheter.

02

Conditions studied

03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,925 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 40 is below the median of 80 across 8,367 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Colorado, Denver is the lead sponsor of 1,499 studies on the registry; 315 are open to participants now.

Of its 139 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 89 (64%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 45 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Premenopausal
  • Euthyroid
  • Not currently planning to become pregnant
  • Not currently breastfeeding
  • No recent history of amenorrhea in the previous 6 months
  • Consent to data and specimen banking
  • No use of hormonal contraceptives

Inclusion Criteria, type 1 diabetes only:

  • Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for at least 5 years
  • On insulin within a year of diagnosis
  • Current insulin therapy
  • Hemoglobin A1c \< 9.5%
  • No macroalbuminuria (AER \< 200 ug/min)

Inclusion Criteria, non-diabetic controls only:

  • Hemoglobin A1c \< 5.7%

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant and/or breastfeeding
  • Have not had a menstrual cycle in the last 6 months
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
40 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    GnRHant + E2

    Participants in this arm received GnRHant and a transdermal estradiol patch (0.075 mg/day) for a period of 1 week.

    Drug: Cetrorelix acetate, 0.25 mg/day · Drug: Estradiol Patch, 0.025 Mg/24 Hours Weekly Transdermal Film, Extended Release

  • Placebo comparator
    GnRHant + PL

    Participants in this arm received GnRHant and a placebo patch for a period of 1 week.

    Drug: Cetrorelix acetate, 0.25 mg/day · Drug: Placebo patch

Interventions

  • DrugCetrorelix acetate, 0.25 mg/day

    All participants self-administered GnRHant daily between the baseline and follow-up visits (cetrorelix acetate, 0.25 mg/day).

    Also known as: Cetrotide, GnRHant

  • DrugEstradiol Patch, 0.025 Mg/24 Hours Weekly Transdermal Film, Extended Release

    Active estradiol transdermal patch.

    Also known as: Climara

  • DrugPlacebo patch

    Placebo patch designed to match active Climara patches.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) at baseline

    FMD will be measured following an intravenous saline infusion and ascorbic acid infusion.

    Time frame: 1 week

  2. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) at follow-up

    FMD will be measured following an intravenous saline infusion and ascorbic acid infusion.

    Time frame: 1 week

  3. Change in flow-mediated dilation (FMD)

    FMD will be measured following an intravenous saline infusion and ascorbic acid infusion at baseline and follow-up.

    Time frame: Baseline and 1 week

  4. Quantitative immunuofluorescence of endothelial cell proteins at baseline

    Expression of estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells

    Time frame: Baseline

  5. Quantitative immunuofluorescence of endothelial cell proteins at follow-up

    Expression of estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells

    Time frame: 1 week

  6. Change in quantitative immunuofluorescence of endothelial cell proteins

    Expression of estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells

    Time frame: Baseline and 1 week

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 5, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04418908
Lead sponsor
University of Colorado, Denver
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 5, 2020
Start date
Nov 24, 2010
Primary completion
Oct 22, 2018
Completion
Oct 22, 2018
Last update
Jun 5, 2020

Study contacts

Janet K Snell-Bergeon, PhD, MPH
principal investigator · University of Colorado, Denver

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Jun 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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