ClinicalTrials.gg
Active, not recruitingNCT04395365ASEPTICUpdated Nov 18, 2023

Primary Antibiotic Prophylaxis Using Co-trimoxazole to Prevent Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhosis

A Phase 3 interventional study of Co-Trimoxazole 960Mg Dispersible Tablet and Placebo oral tablet in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis, sponsored by University College, London. Active, not recruiting at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-11-18.

Sponsored by University College, London · Phase 3, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Oct 2025, 1 year 1 month ago, but the record still lists the study as active, not recruiting.
  • Registered 9 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jun 2019, registered Apr 2020).
Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
442
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

A multicentre, interventional, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm, phase 3, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the use of co-trimoxazole as primary prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to improve overall survival

Read the detailed description

See above

02

Conditions studied

  • Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Browse trials for

03

In context

Peritonitis

167 studies on the registry are indexed under Peritonitis; 23 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 442 is above the median of 79 across 106 interventional studies indexed under Peritonitis.

Browse Peritonitis studies →

Lead sponsor

University College, London is the lead sponsor of 651 studies on the registry; 149 are open to participants now.

Of its 6 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 2 (33%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Patients with Class B or C cirrhosis and presence of ascites requiring any diuretic treatment or at least 1 or more paracentesis within 3 months prior to enrolment.
  2. Patient at least 18 years of age
  3. Documented to participate

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria:

  1. Patients with current or previous Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (defined as ascitic polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count >250/mm3 with either positive or negative ascitic fluid culture without evident intra-abdominal surgically treatable source of infection. A white cell count >500 cell/mm2 or positive microbial culture may be considered as evidence of previous SBP if the site PI considers this was in the context of a likely clinical diagnosis of SBP).
  2. Patients receiving palliative care with an expected of \<8 weeks
  3. Allergic to co-trimoxazole, trimethoprim or sulphonamides
  4. Pregnant or lactating mothers
  5. Patient enrolled in a clinical trial of medicinal products (IMPs) that would impact on their participation in the study
  6. Patients with serum potassium (>5.5 mmol/L) related to pre-existing kidney disease which cannot be reduced*
  7. Patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis (except for rifaximin)*
  8. Patients with long-term ascites drains*
  9. Women of and males with a partner of child-bearing potential without effective for the duration of trial treatment
  10. Patients with pathological blood count changes

    1. Patients with (Hb) \<70g/L*
    2. Granulocytopenia defined as of less than 500 cells per microliter*
    3. Severe thrombocytopenia with a count \<30 x109 /L*
  11. Patients with severe renal impairment, with \<15 ml/min*
  12. Patients with skin conditions: exudative erythema multiform, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and drug eruption with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
  13. Patients with congenital conditions: congenital glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency of the erythrocytes, haemoglobin anomalies such as Hb Köln and Hb Zürich
  14. Patients with acute porphyria
  15. Any clinical condition which the investigator considers would make the patient unsuitable for the trial.

    • It is common for these investigations to change in patients with cirrhosis and long-term ascitic drains may be removed. Patients can be re-screened for eligibility if this occurs.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(10)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Child-Pugh class

A score of how well the liver works in people with liver disease such as cirrhosis: class A is mild, B moderate and C severe.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Life expectancy

The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

Hemoglobin (Hb)

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.

It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.

Platelets

Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.

GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)

GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².

Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator)
Enrollment
442 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Co-trimoxazole

    Co-trimoxazole, 960mg capsule oral tablet, to be taken daily for 18 months

    Drug: Co-Trimoxazole 960Mg Dispersible Tablet

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Placebo, 960mg capsule oral tablet, to be taken daily for 18 months

    Drug: Placebo oral tablet

Interventions

  • DrugCo-Trimoxazole 960Mg Dispersible Tablet

    Antibiotic prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

  • DrugPlacebo oral tablet

    Placebo

    Also known as: Placebo

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Overall Survival

    Overall Survival

    Time frame: The maximum possible period of follow up will be 48 months (assuming a recruitment period of 30 months and 18 months treatment period for final patient recruited)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Spontaneous Bacterial peritonitis

    Time to first incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  2. Hospital admissions

    Hospital admission rates

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  3. C. difficile-associated diarrhoea

    Incidence of C. difficile-associated diarrhoea

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  4. Infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with hospital admission

    Incidence of infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with hospital admission.

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  5. Cirrhosis related events

    Incidence of other cirrhosis related events (e.g. variceal haemorrhage)

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  6. Renal dysfunction

    Incidence of renal dysfunction with creatinine \>133 μmol/L (1.5mg/dL) at any point during hospital admission

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  7. Anti-microbial resistance

    Incidence of anti-microbial resistance

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  8. Liver transplantation

    Incidence of liver transplantation

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  9. Liver disease assessed by increase in MELD score

    Progression of liver disease assessed by increase in MELD score between baseline and end of trial follow up.

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  10. Safety and treatment-related serious adverse events

    Safety and treatment-related serious adverse events

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  11. Treatment adherence

    Treatment adherence (assessed by MARS questionnaire)

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  12. Health-related quality of life

    Health-related quality of life assessed using EQ-5D-5L questionnaire

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  13. Health and social care

    Health and social care resource use assessed using Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  14. Mean incremental cost per quality adjusted life year gained (QALY)

    Mean incremental cost per quality adjusted life year gained (QALY)

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  15. Incidence of resolution of ascites with diuretic treatment not required for 6 months

    Incidence of resolution of ascites with diuretic treatment not required for 6 months

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

  16. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion

    Incidence of Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion

    Time frame: Minimum period of 18 months from randomisation

07

Study locations

1 site
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 18, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04395365
Collaborators
National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
May 20, 2020
Start date
Jun 30, 2019
Primary completion
Oct 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Oct 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Nov 18, 2023

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is active, not recruiting, as verified in Nov 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion