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RecruitingNCT04361994GEISTUpdated Dec 26, 2025

The GErman Italian Spanish Takotsubo (GEIST) Registry

An observational study in Takotsubo Syndrome, sponsored by Prof. Dr. med. Ingo Eitel. Recruiting at 2 sites in 2 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-12-26.

Sponsored by Prof. Dr. med. Ingo Eitel · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Apr 2015; still recruiting 11 years 6 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
500
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

GEIST is a multicenter, international observational registry of patients with Takotsubo syndrome. Data regarding the clinical profile (demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory measures, electrocardiography /echocardiography / coronary angiography parameters, treatment and medication), in-hospital course and complications and short-/long-term outcome are collected prospectively and retrospectively to increase the understanding of the disease.

Read the detailed description

The open-ended, multicenter, international GEIST registry collects data from patients with Takotsubo syndrome during the index hospitalization and follow-up. Furthermore, long-term outcome data are acquired with structured telephone interviews, in case patients do not undergo regular outpatient visits in the participating study centers. The GEIST registry retrospectively includes data, which have already been collected, and prospectively continues to enroll patients with newly diagnosed Takotsubo syndrome.

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Conditions studied

  • Takotsubo Syndrome
03

In context

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

61 studies on the registry are indexed under Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy; 25 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 500 is above the median of 270 across 38 observational studies indexed under Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy.

Browse Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy studies →

Lead sponsor

Prof. Dr. med. Ingo Eitel is the lead sponsor of 7 studies on the registry; 6 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Diagnosed according to the current diagnostic recommendations at the time of clinical presentation

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients with Takotsubo syndrome

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Non
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
500 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
6 Months
Patient registry
Yes
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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. All-cause mortality

    All-cause mortality (in-hospital, short-term, long-term)

    Time frame: Day 0

  2. All-cause mortality

    All-cause mortality (in-hospital, short-term, long-term)

    Time frame: 3 Month

  3. All-cause mortality

    All-cause mortality (in-hospital, short-term, long-term)

    Time frame: 6 Month

Secondary outcomes

  1. In-Hospital complications

    Cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema, death, life-threatening arrhythmias, ventricular thrombus formation, right ventricular involvement

    Time frame: Day 0

07

Study locations

2 of 2 sites recruiting
  • Universität zu Lübeck
    Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein 23538, Germany
    • Ingo Eitel, Prof. Dr. med. · Contact
    • Thomas Stiermaier, Dr.med · Contact
    Recruiting
  • University of Foggia
    Foggia, Italy
    • Franceso Santoro, Dr. · Contact
    • Daniele Brunetti, Prof. Dr. · Contact
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Raposeiras-Roubin S, Santoro F, Arcari L, Vazirani R, Novo G, Uribarri A, Enrica M, Lopez-Pais J, Guerra F, Alfonso F, Patz T, Fernandez-Cordon C, Montisci R, Corbi-Pascual M, Marchetti MF, Almendro M, Cacciotti L, Vedia O, El-Battrawy I, Blanco-Ponce E, Brunetti ND, Akin I, Martinez-Selles M, Thiele H, Stiermaier T, Eitel I, Nunez-Gil IJ; GEIST Researchers. Beta-Blockers and Long-Term Mortality in Takotsubo Syndrome: Results of the Multicenter GEIST Registry. JACC Heart Fail. 2025 May;13(5):815-825. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2024.11.015. Epub 2025 Feb 5. PubMed 39918532 ↗
  • Santoro F, Stiermaier T, Nunez Gil IJ, El-Battrawy I, Patz T, Cacciotti L, Guerra F, Novo G, Musumeci B, Volpe M, Mariano E, Caldarola P, Montisci R, Ragnatela I, Cetera R, Vazirani R, Lluch C, Uribarri A, Corbi-Pascual M, Conty Cardona DA, Akin I, Barbato E, Thiele H, Brunetti ND, Eitel I, Arcari L. Renin angiotensin system inhibitors and outcome in patients with takotsubo syndrome: A propensity score analysis of the GEIST registry. Am Heart J. 2024 Dec;278:127-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2024.08.019. Epub 2024 Sep 10. PubMed 39260785 ↗
  • El-Battrawy I, Santoro F, Nunez-Gil IJ, Patz T, Arcari L, Abumayyaleh M, Guerra F, Novo G, Musumeci B, Cacciotti L, Mariano E, Caldarola P, Parisi G, Montisci R, Vitale E, Volpe M, Corbi-Pasqual M, Martinez-Selles M, Almendro-Delia M, Sionis A, Uribarri A, Thiele H, Brunetti ND, Eitel I, Akin I, Stiermaier T. Age-Related Differences in Takotsubo Syndrome: Results From the Multicenter GEIST Registry. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 Feb 20;13(4):e030623. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.030623. Epub 2024 Feb 13. PubMed 38348805 ↗
  • Stiermaier T, Walliser A, El-Battrawy I, Patz T, Mezger M, Rawish E, Andres M, Almendro-Delia M, Martinez-Selles M, Uribarri A, Perez-Castellanos A, Guerra F, Novo G, Mariano E, Musumeci MB, Arcari L, Cacciotti L, Montisci R, Akin I, Thiele H, Brunetti ND, Nunez-Gil IJ, Santoro F, Eitel I. Happy Heart Syndrome: Frequency, Characteristics, and Outcome of Takotsubo Syndrome Triggered by Positive Life Events. JACC Heart Fail. 2022 Jul;10(7):459-466. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2022.02.015. Epub 2022 May 4. PubMed 35772855 ↗
  • El-Battrawy I, Santoro F, Stiermaier T, Moller C, Guastafierro F, Novo G, Novo S, Mariano E, Romeo F, Romeo F, Thiele H, Guerra F, Capucci A, Giannini I, Brunetti ND, Eitel I, Akin I. Incidence and Clinical Impact of Right Ventricular Involvement (Biventricular Ballooning) in Takotsubo Syndrome: Results From the GEIST Registry. Chest. 2021 Oct;160(4):1433-1441. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.04.072. Epub 2021 May 27. PubMed 34052189 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 26, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04361994
Lead sponsor
Prof. Dr. med. Ingo Eitel
Collaborators
University of Foggia
Responsible party
Prof. Dr. med. Ingo Eitel (Director, University of Luebeck) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Apr 24, 2020
Start date
Apr 2015
Primary completion
Dec 2035 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2035 (estimated)
Last update
Dec 26, 2025

Study contacts

Ingo Eitel, Prof. Dr.
Contact
ingo.eitel@uksh.de
004945150044501
Thomas Stiermaier, Dr.
Contact

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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