A Phase 2 interventional study of Biopsy Procedure and Biospecimen Collection in Bladder Flat Urothelial Carcinoma In Situ, Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma and Stage 0a Bladder Cancer AJCC v8, sponsored by National Cancer Institute (NCI). Active, not recruiting at 390 sites in 3 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-26.
Sponsored by National Cancer Institute (NCI) · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment
This phase II trial studies the effect of adding pembrolizumab to gemcitabine in treating patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer whose cancer does not respond to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment. Chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the patient's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Adding pembrolizumab to gemcitabine may delay the return of BCG-unresponsive bladder cancer for longer period compared to gemcitabine alone.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Estimate the 6-month complete response rate of treatment with intravesical gemcitabine hydrochloride (gemcitabine) in combination with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) in patients with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) that have a carcinoma in situ (CIS) component.
II. Estimate the 18 month event-free survival (EFS) rate for all patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC receiving intravesical gemcitabine in combination with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab).
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To characterize the safety profile of the combination of intravesical gemcitabine with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab) with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC (CIS or high grade Ta and T1 with or without a CIS component).
II. To estimate progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC treated with intravesical gemcitabine in combination with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab).
III. To estimate overall survival (OS) of patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC treated with intravesical gemcitabine in combination with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab).
IV. To estimate cystectomy-free survival of patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC treated with intravesical gemcitabine in combination with MK-3475 (pembrolizumab).
V. To estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) for patients with a CIS component only and those without a CIS component.
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. To assess correlation between tumor mutation burden (TMB) and EFS and 6-month complete response (CR) rate.
II. To assess correlation between specific genomic alterations (single nucleotide variant [SNV] and copy number gains/loss) and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
III. To assess correlation between APOBEC mutational signature and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
IV. To assess correlation between immune gene signatures (IGS) and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
V. To assess correlation between PD-L1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) levels and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
VI. To assess correlation between RNA molecular subtype and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
VII. To assess correlation between intratumoral T-cell receptor (TCR) clonality and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
VIII. To assess correlation between changes in peripheral blood TCR clonality and EFS and 6-month complete response rate.
IX. To assess EFS in patients with urine cell free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (cfDNA) + versus (vs.) patients with cfDNA.
OUTLINE:
INDUCTION: Patients receive pembrolizumab intravenously (IV) over 25-40 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Patients also receive gemcitabine hydrochloride intravesically on days 1, 8 and 15 of cycles 1 and 2. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
MAINTENANCE: Beginning cycle 5, patients with no evidence of disease after induction receive pembrolizumab IV over 25-40 minutes and gemcitabine intravesically on day 1 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Additionally, patients with T1 tumors undergo a re-staging transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) within 60 days of registration. Patients also undergo urine and blood sample collection, bladder biopsy, cystoscopy, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) throughout the study.
After completion of study treatment, patients with evidence of disease (recurrence or progression) or stop study treatment to receive non-protocol treatment during induction are followed up every 6 months for 5 years. Patients who go off treatment due to any reason other than recurrence/progression or receiving subsequent non-protocol treatment during induction will go to clinical follow-up until evidence of disease progression/recurrence. Thereafter, patients are followed up every 6 months until 5 years from registration. Patients who complete scheduled maintenance treatment according to protocol therapy are followed up every 3 months for 2 years and then every 6 months for 3 years until disease progression/recurrence or receiving subsequent non-protocol treatment. Thereafter, patients are followed up every 6 months until 5 years from registration. Patients who have evidence of disease during maintenance therapy are followed up every 6 months until 5 years from registration.
1,798 studies on the registry are indexed under Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; 445 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 161 is above the median of 60 across 1,296 interventional studies indexed under Urinary Bladder Neoplasms.
Browse Urinary Bladder Neoplasms studies →National Cancer Institute (NCI) is the lead sponsor of 3,556 studies on the registry; 336 are open to participants now.
Of its 411 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 373 (91%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Inclusion Criteria:
Persistent high risk NMIBC (T1, high grade Ta and/or CIS) must be within 9 months of the last BCG instillation despite having received adequate BCG as defined above.
High grade T1 after completing therapy with at least induction BCG (>= 5 doses) or after completing therapy with at least induction BCG (>= 5 doses) and first round of maintenance or second induction course (>= 2 doses). The subsequent round of BCG, either maintenance or repeat induction, must be given within 6 months of initial induction BCG
Patients who are disease free at 6 months after starting BCG but have high grade recurrence (T1, Ta, CIS) while on maintenance therapy would be eligible
All visible tumor must be completely resected 60 days prior to registration (residual pure CIS is permitted)
All patients with T1 tumors must undergo a re-staging transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) within 60 days of registration
Patients must not be currently participating in or have participated in a study of an agent or have used an investigational device within 4 weeks prior to study registration
Patients must not have received prior systemic anti-cancer therapy including investigational agents within 4 weeks prior to treatment
Not pregnant and not nursing, because this study involves an agent that has known genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects
Creatinine =\< 1.5 x (ULN)
Total =\< 1.5 x ULN
Patients must not have a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy (in dosing exceeding 10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent) or any other form of therapy within 7 days prior to registration
Patients with (HIV) are eligible with the following:
Patients must not have a known history of (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] reactive) or known active virus (defined as hepatitis C virus [HCV] ribonucleic acid [RNA] [qualitative] is detected) infection
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
The diagnosis was confirmed by looking at a sample under a microscope: tissue from a biopsy or surgery (histology), or cells from a fluid or needle sample (cytology).
Your pathology report is the document that shows this.
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are proteins that act as brakes on the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, block them so the immune system can attack a cancer.
PD-L1 can also be measured in a tumour sample. Some scores count stained tumour cells only (TPS); others also count certain immune cells (CPS). The study names the score and the minimum it uses.
Stem cell (bone marrow) transplants. Allogeneic uses cells from a donor; autologous uses your own cells, collected earlier and given back.
After a transplant from a donor, the donor’s immune cells attack the recipient’s body, often the skin, gut or liver.
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Able to have children. For women this usually means from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery; for men, unless permanently sterile. Read who the line is about — participants, women, men, or their partners.
Criteria about it usually ask for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.
Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.
The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.
It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
How quickly the kidneys clear creatinine, a waste product, from the blood. A study may estimate it from a blood test with age, weight and sex (often by the Cockcroft–Gault formula), or measure it using blood and urine collected over a set time. Given in mL/min; higher is better.
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
The other ingredients in a medicine besides the active drug, such as fillers, colours or preservatives.
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.
Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.
Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.
After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.
Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.
Histologically or cytologically confirmed
The diagnosis was confirmed by looking at a sample under a microscope: tissue from a biopsy or surgery (histology), or cells from a fluid or needle sample (cytology).
Your pathology report is the document that shows this.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Metastases
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Investigational drug or device
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
PD-1, PD-L1 and checkpoint inhibitors
PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are proteins that act as brakes on the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, block them so the immune system can attack a cancer.
PD-L1 can also be measured in a tumour sample. Some scores count stained tumour cells only (TPS); others also count certain immune cells (CPS). The study names the score and the minimum it uses.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Allogeneic and autologous transplant
Stem cell (bone marrow) transplants. Allogeneic uses cells from a donor; autologous uses your own cells, collected earlier and given back.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
GVHD (graft-versus-host disease)
After a transplant from a donor, the donor’s immune cells attack the recipient’s body, often the skin, gut or liver.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Corticosteroids (steroids)
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Reproductive potential
Able to have children. For women this usually means from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery; for men, unless permanently sterile. Read who the line is about — participants, women, men, or their partners.
Criteria about it usually ask for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraception
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Childbearing potential
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ECOG performance status
A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.
Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.
It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Platelets
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hemoglobin (Hb)
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ULN (upper limit of normal)
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Creatinine clearance (CrCl)
How quickly the kidneys clear creatinine, a waste product, from the blood. A study may estimate it from a blood test with age, weight and sex (often by the Cockcroft–Gault formula), or measure it using blood and urine collected over a set time. Given in mL/min; higher is better.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Bilirubin
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ALT and AST (liver enzymes)
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Autoimmune disease
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Immunosuppression
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Cancer (malignancy)
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Brain metastases
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hypersensitivity
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Excipients
The other ingredients in a medicine besides the active drug, such as fillers, colours or preservatives.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hepatitis B tests
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.
Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hepatitis C tests
Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.
After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Live vaccines
Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
INDUCTION: Patients receive pembrolizumab IV over 25-40 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Patients also receive gemcitabine hydrochloride intravesically on days 1, 8 and 15 of cycles 1 and 2. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. MAINTENANCE: Beginning cycle 5, patients with no evidence of disease after induction receive pembrolizumab IV over 25-40 minutes and gemcitabine intravesically on day 1 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Additionally, patients with T1 tumors undergo a re-staging TURBT within 60 days of registration. Patients also undergo urine and blood sample collection, bladder biopsy, cystoscopy, CT and MRI throughout the study.
Procedure: Biopsy Procedure · Procedure: Biospecimen Collection · Procedure: Computed Tomography · Procedure: Cystoscopy · Drug: Gemcitabine Hydrochloride · Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging · Biological: Pembrolizumab · Procedure: Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor
Undergo bladder biopsy
Also known as: Biopsy, BIOPSY_TYPE, Bx
Undergo urine and blood sample collection
Also known as: Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Sample Collection, Specimen Collection
Undergo CT
Also known as: CAT, CAT Scan, Computed Axial Tomography, Computerized Axial Tomography, Computerized axial tomography (procedure), Computerized Tomography, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, CT, CT Scan, Diagnostic CAT Scan, Diagnostic CAT Scan Service Type, tomography
Undergo cystoscopy
Also known as: CS
Given intravesically
Also known as: dFdCyd, Difluorodeoxycytidine Hydrochloride, Gemcitabine HCI, Gemzar, LY 188011, LY-188011, LY188011
Undergo MRI
Also known as: Magnetic Resonance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure), Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan, Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MR, MR Imaging, MRI, MRI Scan, MRIs, NMR Imaging, NMRI, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, sMRI, Structural MRI
Given IV
Also known as: BCD-201, GME 751, GME751, Keytruda, Lambrolizumab, MK 3475, MK-3475, MK3475, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar BCD-201, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar GME751, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar QL2107, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar RPH-075, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar SB27, QL2107, RPH 075, RPH-075, RPH075, SB 27, SB-27, SB27, SCH 900475, SCH-900475, SCH900475
Undergo TURBT
Also known as: Transurethral resection (TURBT), TURBT
Complete response rate in the carcinoma in situ (CIS) subpopulation
A complete response, only for patients with a CIS component, is a cystoscopy without evidence of bladder tumor and negative biopsy (including directed biopsies to any suspicious areas and in addition random bladder biopsies including trigone, left lateral wall, right lateral wall, posterior bladder, dome of bladder, and the prostatic urethra in men), and negative cytology for high grade disease.
Time frame: At 6 months (end of cycle 8, week 25)
Event-free survival at 18 months
For patients without a documented event and who are still alive, they will be censored at last disease assessment. For patients who start any subsequent ant-cancer therapy without any reported events will be censored at their last disease assessment. will be obtained with a Kaplan-Meier estimator (using the Greenwood formula to estimate the variance) for the entire 153 patient group consisting of patients with CIS, CIS with Ta/T1 or Ta or T1 disease. A 90% confidence interval will be generated for the 18-month EFS estimate.
Time frame: From the date of study registration to the first documentation of an event or death whichever comes first, assessed up to 18 months
Incidence of adverse events
Adverse events will be assessed based on the National Cancer Institute common toxicity criteria (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0).
Time frame: Up to 5 years post treatment
Duration of response (DOR)
Analysis will only include those patients in the CIS population who achieve a response. Patients who are alive and without a documented progression at the time of analysis will be censored at the time of the last disease status evaluation. The Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator will be used to estimate DOR, medians and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Time frame: From the time a patient had a documented response (the time would start at the time a response was first noted) until disease-progression, assessed up to 5 years
Progression-free survival (PFS)
Surviving patients without any documented progressions will be censored at the date of last known contact. Progression will be defined as the development of muscle invasive bladder cancer or metastatic urothelial cancer (nodal and/or distant). The Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator will be used to estimate PFS, medians and 95% CI.
Time frame: From the date of study registration to the date of progression or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years
Overall survival (OS)
Surviving patients will be censored at the date of last known contact. The Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator will be used to estimate OS, medians and 95% CI.
Time frame: From the date of study registration to date of death due to any cause, assessed up to 5 years
Cystectomy-free survival
The Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator will be used to estimate cystectomy-free survival, medians and 95% CI.
Time frame: From the date of study registration to the date of cystectomy for all patients
Recurrence free survival (RFS)
Surviving patients without any documented recurrence will be censored at the date of last known contact. Recurrence will be defined as the development of high-grade bladder cancer for patients with a CIS component only and those without a CIS component. The Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator will be used to estimate RFS, medians and 95% CI.
Time frame: From the date of study registration to the first documentation of recurrence or death due to any cause, assessed up to 5 years
Showing the first 100 of 390 sites across 3 countries. Choose a country and city above to see the rest.
PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.
Plan to share: Yes — NCI is committed to sharing data in accordance with NIH policy. For more details on how clinical trial data is shared, access the link to the NIH data sharing policy page.
Data sharing details ↗ · grants.nih.gov
From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Studies of the drug tested here: Pembrolizumab
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