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TerminatedNCT03580616ALSUpdated Apr 20, 2025Results posted

Tolerability and Efficacy of L-Serine in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A Phase 2 interventional study of L-Serine in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), sponsored by Elijah W. Stommel. Terminated at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-04-20.

Sponsored by Elijah W. Stommel · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was terminated
Study was terminated by the IRB due to continued noncompliance.
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
43
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the tolerability of L-Serine oral doses for ALS patients and assess preliminary indications of efficacy

Read the detailed description

All patients will receive the same dose of the study treatment over 6 months. For each participant the study will last approximately one year with follow up visits after the treatment period of 6 months is completed. The visits will include blood draws, vital sign checks, neurological and physical exams, pulmonary testing with forced vital capacity (FVC), and questionnaires.

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Conditions studied

  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
03

In context

Motor Neuron Disease

717 studies on the registry are indexed under Motor Neuron Disease; 137 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 43 is above the median of 35 across 461 interventional studies indexed under Motor Neuron Disease.

Browse Motor Neuron Disease studies →

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Elijah W. Stommel as lead sponsor.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Diagnosis of probable or definite ALS
  • ALSFRS-R score >25 and FVC score ≥ 60% predicted
  • If currently taking Riluzole and/or Edaravone/Radicava must be on stable dose for 3 months prior to Baseline/Screening. If the dosing has not been stable for 3 months prior to Baseline/Screening or if stopped due to an adverse event, the waiting period off the medication will be 7 days. If not on either of these medications may start if desired either or both medications after enrollment into study.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of probable or definite ALS more than 3 years prior to study enrollment
  • Diagnosis or previous history of ischemic stroke, brain tumor, uncontrolled diabetes, renal insufficiency, or severe hypertension.
  • Diagnosis or previous history of comorbid progressive neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Lewy Body disease, Pick's disease, Huntington's disease, Progressive Supranuclear palsy. ALS patients diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia will not be excluded from this study.
  • Diagnosis or previous history of symptomatic peripheral neuropathy. Patients with findings of peripheral neuropathy on electrodiagnostic tests only but no clinical symptoms at the time of enrollment are eligible.
  • Undergoing any chemotherapy or radiation therapy for any cancer
  • Any medical condition likely to interfere with the conduct of the trial or survival of the patient during this study period
  • Pregnant women or women who are breast feeding
  • Has taken L-Serine supplement within 30 days prior to start of study drug
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Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
43 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    L-Serine

    L-Serine 15 grams orally twice a day as tolerated for 6 months

    Drug: L-Serine

Interventions

  • DrugL-Serine

    L-Serine is a naturally occurring dietary amino acid. It is abundant in soy products, some edible seaweeds, sweet potatoes, eggs and meat.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Dose Tolerability Based on Subject Reporting

    Tolerability was based off of participant self-reported GI symptoms at any time during their participation.

    Time frame: From baseline through when participants withdrew from study or up to 48 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Mean ALS Functional Rating Scale - Revised (ALSFRS-R) Score

    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale-revised version (ALSFRS-R) is used to determine patients' assessments of their capability and independence in 12 functional activities. All 12 activities are relevant in ALS and each is scored between 0 (no function at all) and 4 (normal function). Thus the overall score for this measure can range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating more normal function.

    Time frame: Baseline through 12 weeks

  2. Efficacy Based on Pulmonary Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) as Measured by Mean Slope Through Time

    Time frame: No data available

07

Results

Posted Apr 20, 2025
Limitations and caveats
Routine monitoring revealed major noncompliance that was not adequately addressed by the Sponsor-Investigator. Subsequently, the study was terminated by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). The IRB determined these deviations compromised the integrity of the data. Furthermore, the study data collected have been deemed unreliable due to issues related to the study's conduct.

Participant flow

Routine monitoring revealed major noncompliance that was not adequately addressed by the Sponsor-Investigator. Subsequently, the study was terminated by the Institutional Review Board (IRB). The IRB determined these deviations compromised the integrity of the data. Furthermore, the study data collected have been deemed unreliable due to issues related to the study's conduct.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneL-Serine
Started43
Was determined eligible at screening visit37
Included in interim analysis28
Completed0
Not completed43

Outcome measures

PrimaryDose Tolerability Based on Subject Reporting

Tolerability was based off of participant self-reported GI symptoms at any time during their participation.

Time frame:
From baseline through when participants withdrew from study or up to 48 weeks
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Dose Tolerability Based on Subject Reporting
ParticipantsL-Serine
Diarrhea7
Bowel Obstruction1
Nausea8
SecondaryMean ALS Functional Rating Scale - Revised (ALSFRS-R) Score

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale-revised version (ALSFRS-R) is used to determine patients' assessments of their capability and independence in 12 functional activities. All 12 activities are relevant in ALS and each is scored between 0 (no function at all) and 4 (normal function). Thus the overall score for this measure can range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating more normal function.

Time frame:
Baseline through 12 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · Mean score
Mean ALS Functional Rating Scale - Revised (ALSFRS-R) Score
Mean scoreL-Serine
Mean ALS Functional Rating Scale - Revised (ALSFRS-R) Score28.8732 ± 5.3734
SecondaryEfficacy Based on Pulmonary Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) as Measured by Mean Slope Through Time
Time frame:
No data available

No measurements were reported for this outcome.

Adverse events

Collected over The adverse event data was collected from baseline through when participants withdrew from study or up to 48 weeks.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
L-Serine1/37 (2.7%)12/37 (32.4%)31/37 (83.8%)
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventL-Serine
Breathing difficulty/Ventilation IssuesRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders3/37
Gastric tube PlacementSurgical and medical procedures2/37
Respiratory ArrestCardiac disorders1/37
Bowel ObstructionGastrointestinal disorders1/37
Viral infection and mild rhabdomyolysisMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/37
Suicide AttemptPsychiatric disorders1/37
Pre-Planned Surgical ProcedureSurgical and medical procedures1/37
Worsening weakness and FallsMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/37
Bimalleolar Fracture with Lateral SubluxationMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/37
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventL-Serine
FallsMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders16/37
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders8/37
DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders7/37

Baseline characteristics

Participants determined to be eligible at screening visit

Age, Customized
Age, Customized(Participants)L-Serine
50 - 59 years14
60 - 69 years12
70 - 79 years11
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)L-Serine
Female12
Male25
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)L-Serine
American Indian or Alaska Native0
Asian0
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0
Black or African American0
White35
More than one race0
Unknown or Not Reported2
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)L-Serine
United States37
08

Study locations

1 site
  • Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
    Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

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  • Dunlop RA, Cox PA, Banack SA, Rodgers KJ. The non-protein amino acid BMAA is misincorporated into human proteins in place of L-serine causing protein misfolding and aggregation. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 25;8(9):e75376. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075376. eCollection 2013. PubMed 24086518 ↗
  • Dunlop RA, Powell J, Guillemin GJ, Cox PA. Mechanisms of L-Serine Neuroprotection in vitro Include ER Proteostasis Regulation. Neurotox Res. 2018 Jan;33(1):123-132. doi: 10.1007/s12640-017-9829-3. Epub 2017 Nov 2. PubMed 29098664 ↗
  • Dunlop RA, Powell JT, Metcalf JS, Guillemin GJ, Cox PA. L-Serine-Mediated Neuroprotection Includes the Upregulation of the ER Stress Chaperone Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI). Neurotox Res. 2018 Jan;33(1):113-122. doi: 10.1007/s12640-017-9817-7. Epub 2017 Oct 3. PubMed 28975502 ↗
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  • Kaufmann P, Levy G, Thompson JL, Delbene ML, Battista V, Gordon PH, Rowland LP, Levin B, Mitsumoto H. The ALSFRSr predicts survival time in an ALS clinic population. Neurology. 2005 Jan 11;64(1):38-43. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000148648.38313.64. PubMed 15642901 ↗
  • Logroscino G, Traynor BJ, Hardiman O, Chio A, Mitchell D, Swingler RJ, Millul A, Benn E, Beghi E; EURALS. Incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Europe. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010 Apr;81(4):385-90. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2009.183525. Epub 2009 Aug 25. PubMed 19710046 ↗
  • Mehta P, Kaye W, Bryan L, Larson T, Copeland T, Wu J, Muravov O, Horton K. Prevalence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - United States, 2012-2013. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2016 Aug 5;65(8):1-12. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.ss6508a1. PubMed 27490513 ↗
  • Metcalf JS, Dunlop RA, Powell JT, Banack SA, Cox PA. L-Serine: a Naturally-Occurring Amino Acid with Therapeutic Potential. Neurotox Res. 2018 Jan;33(1):213-221. doi: 10.1007/s12640-017-9814-x. Epub 2017 Sep 19. PubMed 28929385 ↗
  • Metcalf JS, Lobner D, Banack SA, Cox GA, Nunn PB, Wyatt PB, Cox PA. Analysis of BMAA enantiomers in cycads, cyanobacteria, and mammals: in vivo formation and toxicity of D-BMAA. Amino Acids. 2017 Aug;49(8):1427-1439. doi: 10.1007/s00726-017-2445-y. Epub 2017 Jun 15. PubMed 28620737 ↗
  • Murch SJ, Cox PA, Banack SA. A mechanism for slow release of biomagnified cyanobacterial neurotoxins and neurodegenerative disease in Guam. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12228-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0404926101. Epub 2004 Aug 4. PubMed 15295100 ↗
  • Phukan J, Elamin M, Bede P, Jordan N, Gallagher L, Byrne S, Lynch C, Pender N, Hardiman O. The syndrome of cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population-based study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Jan;83(1):102-8. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-300188. Epub 2011 Aug 11. PubMed 21836033 ↗
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  • Brooks BR, Miller RG, Swash M, Munsat TL; World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases. El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord. 2000 Dec;1(5):293-9. doi: 10.1080/146608200300079536. No abstract available. PubMed 11464847 ↗
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Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Dec 7, 2021

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 20, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03580616
Lead sponsor
Elijah W. Stommel
Collaborators
Brain Chemistry Labs
Responsible party
Elijah W. Stommel (Staff Physician, Neurology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jul 9, 2018
Start date
Oct 24, 2018
Primary completion
Aug 3, 2022
Completion
Dec 20, 2022
Results posted
Apr 20, 2025
Last update
Apr 20, 2025

Study contacts

Elijah W Stommel, MD,PHD
principal investigator · Dartmouth-Htichcock Medical Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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