An interventional study of Strength training and No Training in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Aging, sponsored by Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Completed at 1 site in Brazil. Open to participants aged 45 Years to 85 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-04-05.
Sponsored by Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science
The aim of this study was to compare the heat shock response (HSR) between healthy middle-aged adults, healthy elderly adults and type 2 diabetic elderly people. In addition, considering the effects of strength exercise in promoting health, we aimed to test the effects of strength training over the HSR in diabetic elderly people. Thirty (19 females and 11 males) sedentary non-smoking participants volunteered for this study (11 healthy middle-age adults, 7 healthy old adults and 12 diabetic old subjects, previously diagnosed by their personal physicians).
Firstly, venous blood samples were obtained from all participants to test the HSR. They were divided in three groups: healthy middle-age adults (45-59 y.o.), healthy elderly adults and elderly diabetic (> 60 y.o.). As we identify that diabetic people presented a poor HSR, we submit the diabetic group to a twelve-week resistance exercise training to verify if this intervention could improve the HS response.
Diabetic subjects were randomly (1:1 block randomization) allocated in one of the two groups: Trained and Control (no training). Strength training was performed three times per week while the control group performed a "placebo" stretching/relaxing session once a week (for adherence purposes). Both interventions had twelve weeks of duration. To avoid any significant adaptation, all stretching exercises (for large muscle groups only) were performed at very low intensity without any significant discomfort.
Supervised (by qualified sport and exercise scientists) exercise was performed in a gym on three non-consecutive days of the week. Each session lasted \~60 min and consisted of a warm up, the resistance exercise training and a cool down. The training programme consisted of a combination of upper and lower body exercises using gym equipments, free weights and body weight as the primary resistance. The twelve weeks of strength training were divided into three mesocycles of four weeks each. Exercises included leg press, knee extensions and leg curls, biceps curls, triceps extensions, lat pull-downs, shoulder press, bench press and abdominal crunch. Before the start of the training period, subjects completed a familiarization session to practice the exercises they would further perform during the training sessions, where the exercise load was individually tested. The resistance training was performed using two to three sets per exercise at intensities between 12-15 repetition maximum-RM.
Exclusion Criteria:
Subjects performing strength training three times per week for twelve weeks.
Other: Strength training
Subjects performing "placebo" stretching/relaxing session once a week (for adherence purposes) for twelve weeks.
Other: No Training
Strength training was performed three times per week for twelve weeks. Supervised (by qualified sport and exercise scientists) exercise was performed in a gym on three non-consecutive days of the week. Each session lasted \~60 min and consisted of a warm up, the resistance exercise training and a cool down. The training programme consisted of a combination of upper and lower body exercises using gym equipments, free weights and body weight as the primary resistance. The twelve weeks of strength training were divided into three mesocycles of four weeks each. The resistance training was performed using two to three sets per exercise at intensities between 12-15 repetition maximum-RM.
Control group performed a "placebo" stretching/relaxing session once a week (for adherence purposes) for twelve weeks. To avoid any significant adaptation, all stretching exercises (for large muscle groups only) were performed at very low intensity without any significant discomfort.
Heat Shock Response Change.
Capacity of cells to express and export heat shock protein 72kDa in response to heat (ng/mL).
Time frame: Before and After twelve weeks of exercise training.
hs-CRP Change.
Marker of Inflammation measured in mg/L.
Time frame: Before and After twelve weeks of exercise training.
Body composition Change.
Body mass index (in Kg/m2).
Time frame: Before and After twelve weeks of exercise training.
TNF-a Change.
Marker of Inflammation measured in pg/mL.
Time frame: Before and After twelve weeks of exercise training.
IL-10 Change.
Marker of Inflammation measured in pg/mL.
Time frame: Before and After twelve weeks of exercise training.
Visceral Adipose Tissue Change.
Amount of visceral adipose tissue measured in millimeters (mm).
Time frame: Before and After twelve weeks of exercise training.
Plan to share: Yes — All data, including HSR, body composition, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and metabolites.
Supporting information: Study protocol, Icf, Csr
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Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul