ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03465904TEAMUpdated Dec 11, 2024Results posted

A Phase III Trial of e-TNS for the Acute Treatment of Migraine

An interventional study of Verum Cefaly® Abortive Program device and Sham Cefaly® Abortive Program device in Migraine, sponsored by Cefaly Technology. Completed at 10 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-12-11.

Sponsored by Cefaly Technology · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
607
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 696 studies in Migraine Disorders with a site in United States — 93 open to participants now, 115 under way, 27 of them phase 3. Migraine Disorders · United States.

Enrollment
91st of 609
607 · median 78
Started
2018
with 26 others
No phase
203 of 696
32 open now
Registered
376th of 696
by date

Among the 696 studies in Migraine Disorders with a site in United States, this one is the 91st largest by enrollment of the 609 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 27 that started in 2018, is one of 203 with no phase, and was the 376th registered.

Migraine Disorders

1,657 studies on the registry are indexed under Migraine Disorders; 339 are open to participants now.

Browse Migraine Disorders studies →

Open to participants now

93 of the 696 studies in Migraine Disorders with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

88 more — sign in →

All 93 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 217 Migraine Disorders studies recruiting now, 66 (30%) set no upper age limit and 136 (63%) stop at 75 or younger; 44 take children under 18; 37 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 65 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

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02

Study summary

The main objective of this study is to have Phase III evidences of the efficacy of the Cefaly® Abortive Program device used at home for 2 hours to treat a migraine attack. This randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial will study the abortive treatment of migraine using the Cefaly® Abortive Program device.

Read the detailed description

The main objective of this study is to have Phase III evidences of the efficacy of the Cefaly® Abortive Program device used at home for 2 hours to treat a migraine attack, as triptans are generally used. That is to say having randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled data of the efficacy and safety of the Cefaly® Abortive Program device in the abortive treatment of acute migraine as measured by 2-hour pain freedom, pain relief and migraine-associated symptoms freedom, plus evolution of these measurements for 24 hours after the beginning of the treatment session.

03

Conditions studied

  • Migraine

Browse trials for

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Age from 18 to 65 on the day of signing the form
  2. ≥ 1-year history of migraine with or without aura according to the diagnostic criteria listed in International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-3 beta (2013) section 1, migraine, with the exception of aura without headache, hemiplegic migraine and brainstem aura migraine
  3. Migraine onset before the age of 50
  4. Having between 2 and 8 moderate or severe migraine attacks (Grade 2 or 3) per month in each of the two months prior to screening
  5. Patient understands the study procedures, alternative treatments available, and voluntarily agrees to participate in the study by giving written informed consent
  6. Patient is able to read and understand the written information (instruction sheet, paper diary and Adverse Events reporting form)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patient has difficulty distinguishing his/her migraine attacks from tension-type headaches
  2. Patient has more than 15 headache days per month
  3. Patient having received supraorbital nerve blocks in the prior 4 months
  4. Patient having received Botox treatment in the prior 4 months
  5. Modification of a migraine prophylaxis treatment in the previous 3 months
  6. Diagnosis of other primary headache disorders, except rare (\< 4) tension-type headaches per month
  7. Diagnosis of secondary headache disorders including Medication Overuse Headache (MOH)
  8. Patient abusing opioids or user of recreational or illicit drugs or having had a recent history (within the last year) of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence
  9. Implanted metallic or electronic device in the head
  10. Cardiac pacemaker or implanted or wearable defibrillator
  11. Patient having had a previous experience with the Cefaly® device
  12. Migraine Aura without headache
  13. Patient is currently participating or has participated in a study with an compound or device in the last 30 days before the screening visit (Visit 1)
  14. Patient not having the ability to use appropriately the device and/or to perform himself/herself or bear the first 20-minute stimulation session during the training test session at the study site
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
607 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Verum

    2-hour external trigeminal nerve stimulation with the Verum Cefaly® Abortive Program device, as abortive treatment of an early stage migraine attack

    Device: Verum Cefaly® Abortive Program device

  • Sham comparator
    Sham

    2-hour external trigeminal nerve stimulation with the Sham Cefaly® Abortive Program device, as abortive treatment of an early stage migraine attack

    Device: Sham Cefaly® Abortive Program device

Interventions

  • DeviceVerum Cefaly® Abortive Program device

    The Cefaly® Abortive Program device is an external cranial neurostimulator designed for supraorbital neurostimulation, also known as external Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (e-TNS). The Verum Cefaly® Abortive Program device will deliver verum external trigeminal nerve stimulation.

  • DeviceSham Cefaly® Abortive Program device

    The Cefaly® Abortive Program device is an external cranial neurostimulator designed for supraorbital neurostimulation, also known as external Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation (e-TNS). The Sham Cefaly® Abortive Program device will deliver sham external trigeminal nerve stimulation.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Pain Freedom at 2 Hours

    The percentage of patients having a reduction of a moderate or severe migraine headache (Grade 2 or 3) at baseline to no headache (Grade 0) at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

    Time frame: 2 hours

  2. Most Bothersome Migraine-associated Symptom Freedom at 2 Hours

    The percentage of patients with absence, at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session, of the most bothersome migraine-associated symptom identified at baseline.

    Time frame: 2 hours

Secondary outcomes

  1. Pain Relief at 2 Hours

    The percentage of patients having a reduction of a moderate or severe migraine headache (Grade 2 or 3) at baseline to a mild headache or to no headache (Grade 1 or 0) at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

    Time frame: 2 hours

  2. Percentage of Patients With Absence of Photophobia, Phonophobia, Nausea, Vomiting at 2 Hours

    The percentage of patients with absence of photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

    Time frame: 2 hours

  3. Use of Rescue Medication Between 2 and 24 Hours

    The percentage of patients who took anti-migraine rescue medication between 2 and 24 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

    Time frame: 2-24 hours

  4. Sustained Pain Freedom at 24 Hours

    The percentage of patients having no headache (Grade 0) at 2 hours, with no use of anti-migraine rescue medication and no relapse of headache pain within the 24 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

    Time frame: 24 hours

  5. Sustained Pain Relief at 24 Hours

    The percentage of patients having mild or no headache (Grade 1 or 0) at 2 hours, with no use of anti-migraine rescue medication and no relapse of headache pain within the 24 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

    Time frame: 2-24 hours

07

Results

Posted Jul 1, 2019

Participant flow

Between April 10, 2018 and January 11, 2019, 626 subjects were screened for eligibility, and 607 were enrolled across ten centers in the United States.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneVerumSham
Started299308
Completed259279
Not completed4029
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject95
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up119
Withdrew: Protocol violation2015

Outcome measures

PrimaryPain Freedom at 2 Hours

The percentage of patients having a reduction of a moderate or severe migraine headache (Grade 2 or 3) at baseline to no headache (Grade 0) at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

Time frame:
2 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Pain Freedom at 2 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Pain Freedom at 2 Hours6651
PrimaryMost Bothersome Migraine-associated Symptom Freedom at 2 Hours

The percentage of patients with absence, at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session, of the most bothersome migraine-associated symptom identified at baseline.

Time frame:
2 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Most Bothersome Migraine-associated Symptom Freedom at 2 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Most Bothersome Migraine-associated Symptom Freedom at 2 Hours146118
SecondaryPain Relief at 2 Hours

The percentage of patients having a reduction of a moderate or severe migraine headache (Grade 2 or 3) at baseline to a mild headache or to no headache (Grade 1 or 0) at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

Time frame:
2 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Pain Relief at 2 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Pain Relief at 2 Hours180154
SecondaryPercentage of Patients With Absence of Photophobia, Phonophobia, Nausea, Vomiting at 2 Hours

The percentage of patients with absence of photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting at 2 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

Time frame:
2 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Percentage of Patients With Absence of Photophobia, Phonophobia, Nausea, Vomiting at 2 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Percentage of Patients With Absence of Photophobia, Phonophobia, Nausea, Vomiting at 2 Hours11095
SecondaryUse of Rescue Medication Between 2 and 24 Hours

The percentage of patients who took anti-migraine rescue medication between 2 and 24 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

Time frame:
2-24 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Use of Rescue Medication Between 2 and 24 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Use of Rescue Medication Between 2 and 24 Hours82105
SecondarySustained Pain Freedom at 24 Hours

The percentage of patients having no headache (Grade 0) at 2 hours, with no use of anti-migraine rescue medication and no relapse of headache pain within the 24 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

Time frame:
24 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Sustained Pain Freedom at 24 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Sustained Pain Freedom at 24 Hours5944
SecondarySustained Pain Relief at 24 Hours

The percentage of patients having mild or no headache (Grade 1 or 0) at 2 hours, with no use of anti-migraine rescue medication and no relapse of headache pain within the 24 hours after the beginning of the e-TNS session.

Time frame:
2-24 hours
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Sustained Pain Relief at 24 Hours
ParticipantsVerumSham
Sustained Pain Relief at 24 Hours11996
Statistical analysis
  • Verum vs Sham · Chi-squared · p = <0.05 (All analyses were performed using SPSS, version 26.0 with two-sided levels of statistical significance established at p \< 0.05)A Chi-square test of independent proportions was used to compare primary and secondary efficacy outcomes between groups.

Adverse events

Collected over The data was collected during the 24 hours following the beginning of the treatment. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Verum0/298 (0%)0/298 (0%)22/259 (8.5%)
Sham0/303 (0%)1/303 (0.3%)8/279 (2.9%)
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventVerumSham
Appendicitis leading to appendectomySurgical and medical procedures0/2981/303
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 11
Most frequent other events
EventVerumSham
Forehead paresthesias, discomfort, or burningNervous system disorders9/2591/279
Nausea / VomitingNervous system disorders4/2590/279
Worsened HeadacheNervous system disorders2/2590/279
Excessive SweatingNervous system disorders2/2590/279
DizzinessNervous system disorders1/2592/279
Neck Stiffness / Muscle tensionNervous system disorders1/2592/279
Abdominal Discomfort or CrampingEar and labyrinth disorders0/2592/279
Orodynia - tooth or jaw painSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders1/2591/279
RestlessnessNervous system disorders1/2591/279
Dry MouthNervous system disorders1/2590/279

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)VerumShamTotal
Mean40.22 ± 11.6242.0 ± 12.3041.14 ± 12.00
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)VerumShamTotal
Female214229443
Male455095
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected(Participants)VerumShamTotal
Count of participants——0
Migraine type
Migraine type(Participants)VerumShamTotal
Migraine with aura113111224
Migraine without aura146168314
Headache pain severity
Headache pain severity(Participants)VerumShamTotal
No Pain101
Mild Pain101
Moderate pain severity155166321
Severe pain severity102113215
Most Bothersome Symptom
Most Bothersome Symptom(Participants)VerumShamTotal
Nausea as MBS5554109
Vomiting as MBS4711
Sensitivity to light as MBS162183345
Sensitivity to sound as MBS383573
Migraine Associated Symptom
Migraine Associated Symptom(occurrences reported by subjects)VerumShamTotal
Photophobia247259506
Phonophobia207228435
Nausea169172341
Vomiting232447
08

Study locations

10 sites
  • Clinical Research Consortium
    Tempe, Arizona 85283, United States
  • Pharmacology Research Institute
    Encino, California 91316, United States
  • Yale University
    New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
  • Palm Beach Research Center
    West Palm Beach, Florida 33409, United States
  • Meridian Clinical Research (Savannah Neurology)
    Savannah, Georgia 31406, United States
  • Meridian Clinical Research (Rockville Neurology)
    Rockville, Maryland 20854, United States
  • Clinical Research Consortium
    Las Vegas, Nevada 89119, United States
  • Rochester Clinical Research
    Rochester, New York 14609, United States
  • Rapid Medical Research Inc.
    Cleveland, Ohio 44122, United States
  • Coastal Carolina Research Center
    Mount Pleasant, South Carolina 29464, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Kuruvilla DE, Mann JI, Tepper SJ, Starling AJ, Panza G, Johnson MAL. Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled Trial of e-TNS for the Acute treatment of Migraine (TEAM). Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 24;12(1):5110. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09071-6. PubMed 35332216 ↗

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Apr 2018 to primary completion in Jan 2019, 9 months.

Results were first posted in Jul 2019, 5 months after primary completion.

Of 49 industry-sponsored interventional studies with no phase under Migraine Disorders, half reached primary completion within 11 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 22. This study's 9 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 358 studies reached it within 15 months; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 34.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 8, 2018
First posted
Mar 14, 2018
StartActual
Apr 10, 2018
Primary completionActual
Jan 11, 2019
CompletionActual
Jan 11, 2019
Results first posted
Jul 1, 2019
Last update
Dec 11, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 11, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03465904
Lead sponsor
Cefaly Technology
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 14, 2018
Start date
Apr 10, 2018
Primary completion
Jan 11, 2019
Completion
Jan 11, 2019
Results posted
Jul 1, 2019
Last update
Dec 11, 2024

Study contacts

Deena Kuruvilla, M.D.
principal investigator · Yale University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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