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CompletedNCT03448991Updated Jan 19, 2021

Effect of NPO Time and Type of Food Intake on Preoperative Residual Gastric Content and pH

An observational study in Fasting and Pediatric ALL, sponsored by Boston Children's Hospital. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged Up to 17 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-01-19.

Sponsored by Boston Children's Hospital · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
150
Ages
Up to 17 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

According to normal physiology, the longer fasting period allows food particles to pass stomach through small intestines to minimize intragastric content. The practice guidelines recommend 2-hour fasting period for clear fluid (including water, pulp-free juice and tea or coffee without milk), 4- hour fasting period for breast milk and 6-hour fasting period for non-human milk and solid food to reduce risks of pulmonary aspiration. As a result of longer fasting period, patients tend to experience preoperative dehydrated states and intraoperative hypotension. Patients' demographic data will be obtained from charts. Parents will be asked for type, volume of fluid/food intake and NPO time.

This study will be done at BCH's Gastroenterology Procedure Unit (GPU) theaters to measure actual intragastric volume and pH at the beginning esopagogastroduodenoscopy procedures. We hope to demonstrate the relationship between NPO time and actual intragastric volume which provide sufficient data of NPO time to ensure patient's safety.

Read the detailed description

This study is a prospective observational cohort study which will be conducted in 2 parts including preoperative and intraoperative periods.

  • Preoperative period, patients' demographic information will be collected along with NPO history including times, type ,amount of preoperative fluid/ food intake and patients' anxiety score.
  • Intraoperatively, at the beginning of EGD procedure, total volume of intragastric content(ml) and gastric acidity will be measured.

We plan to offer participation to all patients or parents of patients' ages 0-17 years who are scheduled for EGD at GPU, BCH Longwood campus and are fluent in English. A brochure describing our study in English will be given to patients or their families on the day of surgery. If the patient or family agrees to participate in this study, the study will be provided in the GPU theaters.

02

Conditions studied

  • Fasting
  • Pediatric ALL

Keywords

  • NPO time
  • Gastric content
  • Gastric pH
03

In context

Fasting

392 studies on the registry are indexed under Fasting; 63 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 150 is above the median of 100 across 74 observational studies indexed under Fasting.

Browse Fasting studies →

Lead sponsor

Boston Children's Hospital is the lead sponsor of 608 studies on the registry; 147 are open to participants now.

Of its 32 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 19 (59%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Up to 17 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

The study will include all patients who aged 0-17 years scheduled for EGD procedure at GPU, Boston Children's Hospital, Longwood.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • All patients who aged 0-17 years scheduled for EGD procedure.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who required emergency EGD procedures and patients with active upper GI bleeding.
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
150 participants (actual)
Target follow-up
1 Day
Patient registry
Yes
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Actual intragastric content volume (ml)

    Actual intragastric content volume (ml) which is suctioned from each pediatric patient is measured

    Time frame: 1 day

Secondary outcomes

  1. Correlation between NPO time(hr) and intraoperative intragastric content volume(ml).

    Correlation between NPO time(hr) and intraoperative intragastric content volume(ml).

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Correlation between NPO time(hr) and intraoperative intragastric content acidity (pH).

    Correlation between NPO time(hr) and intraoperative intragastric content acidity (pH).

    Time frame: 1 day

  3. Incidence of perioperative hypotension

    Hypotension is defined as 20% reduction of normal systolic blood pressure for any age groups

    Time frame: 1 day

  4. Incidence of pulmonary aspiration risk.

    Pulmonary aspiration is defined by the regurgitation of gastric contents into the larynx and the respiratory tract and cause a syndrome of progressive dyspnea, hypoxia, bronchial wheeze and patchy collapse, consolidation on chest X-ray or all.

    Time frame: 1 day

  5. Correlation between preoperative patient's anxiety score and actual intragastric content volume (ml)

    Correlation between preoperative patient's anxiety score and actual intragastric content volume (ml)

    Time frame: 1 day

  6. Incidence of surgery delay or cancellation due to NPO guideline violation

    Surgery delay is defined when the patient's queue is postponed in order to wait for proper NPO time

    Time frame: 1 day

  7. Actual pH of intragastric content

    Actual pH of intragastric content which is suctioned from each pediatric patient is measured

    Time frame: 1 day

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Boston children hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration: Application to Healthy Patients Undergoing Elective Procedures: An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration. Anesthesiology. 2017 Mar;126(3):376-393. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001452. No abstract available. PubMed 28045707 ↗
  • Smith I, Kranke P, Murat I, Smith A, O'Sullivan G, Soreide E, Spies C, in't Veld B; European Society of Anaesthesiology. Perioperative fasting in adults and children: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2011 Aug;28(8):556-69. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283495ba1. PubMed 21712716 ↗
  • Maltby JR, Sutherland AD, Sale JP, Shaffer EA. Preoperative oral fluids: is a five-hour fast justified prior to elective surgery? Anesth Analg. 1986 Nov;65(11):1112-6. PubMed 3767008 ↗
  • Andersson H, Zaren B, Frykholm P. Low incidence of pulmonary aspiration in children allowed intake of clear fluids until called to the operating suite. Paediatr Anaesth. 2015 Aug;25(8):770-777. doi: 10.1111/pan.12667. Epub 2015 May 4. PubMed 25940831 ↗
  • Phillips S, Daborn AK, Hatch DJ. Preoperative fasting for paediatric anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 1994 Oct;73(4):529-36. doi: 10.1093/bja/73.4.529. PubMed 7999497 ↗
  • Dennhardt N, Beck C, Huber D, Sander B, Boehne M, Boethig D, Leffler A, Sumpelmann R. Optimized preoperative fasting times decrease ketone body concentration and stabilize mean arterial blood pressure during induction of anesthesia in children younger than 36 months: a prospective observational cohort study. Paediatr Anaesth. 2016 Aug;26(8):838-43. doi: 10.1111/pan.12943. Epub 2016 Jun 13. PubMed 27291355 ↗
  • Song IK, Kim HJ, Lee JH, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS. Ultrasound assessment of gastric volume in children after drinking carbohydrate-containing fluids. Br J Anaesth. 2016 Apr;116(4):513-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/aew031. PubMed 26994229 ↗
  • Schmitz A, Kellenberger CJ, Liamlahi R, Studhalter M, Weiss M. Gastric emptying after overnight fasting and clear fluid intake: a prospective investigation using serial magnetic resonance imaging in healthy children. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Sep;107(3):425-9. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer167. Epub 2011 Jun 14. PubMed 21676893 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Aug 2018 to primary completion in Dec 2019, 15 months.

Of 46 non-industry observational studies under Fasting, half reached primary completion within 17 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 48. This study's 15 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 48 studies reached it within 17 months; a quarter within 6 and three quarters within 34.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 20, 2018
First posted
Feb 28, 2018
StartActual
Aug 24, 2018
Primary completionActual
Dec 11, 2019
CompletionActual
Dec 11, 2019
Last update
Jan 19, 2021
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 19, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03448991
Responsible party
Patcharee Sriswasdi (Principal investigator, Boston Children's Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Feb 28, 2018
Start date
Aug 24, 2018
Primary completion
Dec 11, 2019
Completion
Dec 11, 2019
Last update
Jan 19, 2021

Study contacts

Patcharee Sriswasdi, MD.
principal investigator · Boston Children's Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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