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CompletedNCT03390660WIC breastfeedUpdated Jan 4, 2018

Trends in Breastfeeding Disparity in U.S. Infants by WIC Eligibility and Participation

An observational study in Breast Feeding, sponsored by Old Dominion University. Completed. Open to participants aged 1 Month to 72 Months. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-01-04.

Sponsored by Old Dominion University · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
13,771
Ages
1 Month to 72 Months
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a secondary data analysis study that uses nationally representative data to examine the trends in breastfeeding disparities between Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program eligible children vs. non-eligible children and eligible participants vs. eligible non-participants.

02

Conditions studied

  • Breast Feeding

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03

In context

Breast Feeding

1,082 studies on the registry are indexed under Breast Feeding; 218 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 13,771 is above the median of 158 across 207 observational studies indexed under Breast Feeding.

Browse Breast Feeding studies →

Lead sponsor

Old Dominion University is the lead sponsor of 27 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
1 Month to 72 Months
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Probability sample

Study population

A nationally representative sample surveyed in NHANES 1999-2014

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • infants or children surveyed in NHANES 1999-2014 aged younger than 72 months

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • infants or children with missing information in breastfeeding, WIC participation, or other major socio-demographics, such as income
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
13,771 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • birth cohorts

    born in 1994-1997, 1998-2001, 2002-2005, 2006-2009, 2010-2014

    Other: WIC program participation

Interventions

  • OtherWIC program participation

    WIC program is a welfare program in the U.S. to provide nutritional supplements to low-income women, infants, and children.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Everbreastfeeding

    whether the child has ever been breastfed

    Time frame: till age 5

  2. Breastfeeding at 6 months

    whether the child was breastfed at age 6 months

    Time frame: till age 6 months

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Jan 1999 to primary completion in Dec 2014, 191 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 28, 2017
First posted
Jan 4, 2018
StartActual
Jan 1, 1999
Primary completionActual
Dec 31, 2014
CompletionActual
Dec 31, 2014
Last update
Jan 4, 2018
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 4, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03390660
Lead sponsor
Old Dominion University
Responsible party
Qi Zhang (Associate Professor, Old Dominion University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 4, 2018
Start date
Jan 1, 1999
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2014
Completion
Dec 31, 2014
Last update
Jan 4, 2018

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Dec 2017. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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