ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03360916Updated Apr 15, 2025Results posted

Impact of Statin Therapy on Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise

A Phase 4 interventional study of Lipitor 20Mg Tablet and Lipitor 80Mg Tablet in Cardiovascular Diseases, sponsored by University of Kansas Medical Center. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 35 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-04-15.

Sponsored by University of Kansas Medical Center · Phase 4, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
52
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
35 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to determine how different doses of a statin affect muscle health and exercise.

Read the detailed description

High cholesterol and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is currently prevented and treated with statin therapy. Statin use can cause muscle weakness, fatigue and/or pain, and these symptoms can increase with dose and duration of statin use. Statins may also change the ability to exercise.

This study is testing how different doses of a statin, Lipitor, affect muscle health and exercise. The doses that will be used in this study (20 mg/day or 80 mg/day) are typical for treating high cholesterol.

This study is expected to last about 14 weeks.

02

Conditions studied

  • Cardiovascular Diseases

Keywords

  • high cholesterol
  • exercise
  • statins
03

In context

Cardiovascular Diseases

5,368 studies on the registry are indexed under Cardiovascular Diseases; 939 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 52 is below the median of 100 across 3,084 interventional studies indexed under Cardiovascular Diseases.

Browse Cardiovascular Diseases studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Kansas Medical Center is the lead sponsor of 492 studies on the registry; 110 are open to participants now.

Of its 38 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 24 (63%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
35 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • (BMI) between 25-43 kg\^m2
  • Sedentary (less than 150 min of physical activity/week during last 6 months)
  • Weight stable (no more than 5% change in body weight the previous 3 months)

    • >5% risk for a cardiovascular event in the next 10 years according to the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk calculator and/or 2 out of 5 metabolic syndrome risk factors(Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL; HDL ≤ 40 mg/dL; Glucose ≥ 100mg/dL; Waist Circumference ≥ 102cm for males, 88cm for females; Blood pressure: ≥ 130mmHg systolic and/or 85mmHg diastolic or being treated for hypertension).
  • Stable doses of medications for 90 days
  • Willing to stop all Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and aspirin for 7 days prior to muscle

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Smoking
  • Use of statins in the last 6 months
  • Use of other medications or supplements that affect lipid profiles or body weight in the last 6 months (e.g., fibric acids, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acids, fish oil)
  • Diagnosis of chronic diseases including CVD, diabetes, other metabolic diseases (e.g., thyroid), cancer, , or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
  • History of abnormal bleeding problems
  • Currently taking (within the last 10 days) anti- medication (Plavix), Warfarin, and other anti-coagulants (eliquis, pradaxa, and xarelto) medications
  • >2 fold upper normal limit (UNL) for (ALT) or creatinine
  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Individuals with polymorphisms known to be associated with susceptibility for statin induced myopathies (tested at screening)
  • Currently enrolled in another research study
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(5)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Biopsy and archival tissue

A biopsy takes a small piece of tissue to examine. “Archival tissue” is a sample already taken, for example at diagnosis, and kept by the hospital.

Whether a stored sample will do depends on when it was taken, how much there is and what the study needs. Ask whether the study accepts your stored sample or needs a new biopsy.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

Platelets

Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
52 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo & Exercise Group

    Participants randomized to this group will undergo placebo treatment and an aerobic exercise program.

    Drug: Placebo · Behavioral: Exercise Program

  • Experimental
    Low Statin & Exercise Group

    Participants randomized to this group will undergo low statin treatment (Lipitor 20Mg Tablet) and an aerobic exercise program.

    Drug: Lipitor 20Mg Tablet · Behavioral: Exercise Program

  • Experimental
    High Statin & Exercise Group

    Participants randomized to this group will undergo high statin treatment (Lipitor 80Mg Tablet) and an aerobic exercise program.

    Drug: Lipitor 80Mg Tablet · Behavioral: Exercise Program

Interventions

  • One tablet by mouth every day for 12 weeks.

    Also known as: Atorvastatin

  • One tablet by mouth every day for 12 weeks.

    Also known as: Atorvastatin

  • DrugPlacebo

    One matching placebo tablet by mouth every day for 12 weeks.

  • BehavioralExercise Program

    Exercise program of brisk walking and/or slow jogging on a treadmill for 90 minutes of exercise spread over 3 days during week 1, 150 minutes of exercise spread over 5 days during week 2, 225 minutes of exercise over 5 days during week 3 and for the rest of the study.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Difference in Mitochondrial Respiratory Function

    Time frame: Value at 3 months minus value at baseline

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in VO2 Max

    Time frame: Value at 12 months minus value at baseline

07

Results

Posted Apr 15, 2025
Limitations and caveats
The COVID-19 epidemic started in the middle of the trial forcing us to stop recruitment for four months. Furthermore, the continuation of the pandemic slowed recruitment for the rest of the trial and significantly impacted n size. There was also a national dextrose shortage following a hurricane in Puerto Rico. As a result many of the IVGTT were not conducted.

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestonePlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose Statin
Started161719
Completed141316
Not completed243

Outcome measures

PrimaryDifference in Mitochondrial Respiratory Function
Time frame:
Value at 3 months minus value at baseline
Reported as:
Mean · pmols/s/mg
Difference in Mitochondrial Respiratory Function
pmols/s/mgPlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose Statin
Difference in Mitochondrial Respiratory Function2.29 ± 125.59-11.24 ± 130.1244.88 ± 105.19
Statistical analysis
  • Placebo · t-test, 2 sided · p = 0.9530 · Mean difference (net): 2.29This is within group 3 month change
  • Low Dose Statin · t-test, 2 sided · p = 0.7908 · Mean difference (net): -11.24This is within group 3 month change
  • High Dose Statin · t-test, 2 sided · p = 0.1344 · Mean difference (net): 44.88This is within group 3 month change
SecondaryChange in VO2 Max
Time frame:
Value at 12 months minus value at baseline
Reported as:
Mean · L/min
Change in VO2 Max
L/minPlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose Statin
Change in VO2 Max0.22 ± 0.180.23 ± 0.210.21 ± 0.23
Statistical analysis
  • Placebo · t-test, 2 sided · p = 0.0005 · Mean difference (net): 0.22This is within group 3 month change
  • Low Dose Statin · t-test, 2 sided · p = 0.0021 · Mean difference (net): 0.23This is within group 3 month change
  • High Dose Statin · t-test, 2 sided · p = 0.0025 · Mean difference (net): 0.21This is within group 3 month change

Adverse events

Collected over Participants were contacted weekly by phone or email and prompted to disclose any adverse events. Additional adverse events could be reported if participant contacted study team outside of the usual weekly check in. Adverse events were monitored until symptoms subsided or adverse event ended or until the end of the 12 month intervention period.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Placebo0/16 (0%)0/16 (0%)3/16 (18.8%)
Low Dose Statin0/17 (0%)0/17 (0%)5/17 (29.4%)
High Dose Statin0/19 (0%)0/19 (0%)8/19 (42.1%)
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventPlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose Statin
Muscle or Joint PainMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders2/164/177/19
Respiratory IllnessRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders0/160/172/19
Restless LegsMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/161/170/19

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
Mean50.13 ± 8.2951.28 ± 9.0450.85 ± 7.9650.78 ± 8.28
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
Female12131540
Male44412
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native0000
Asian1113
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0000
Black or African American53412
White10131437
More than one race0000
Unknown or Not Reported0000
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
United States16171952
Total Cholesterol
Total Cholesterol(mg/dL)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
Mean200.19 ± 31.63220.33 ± 38.54204.90 ± 32.24208.65 ± 34.72
Weight
Weight(kg)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
Mean94.74 ± 16.15103.42 ± 20.0695.83 ± 14.3398.10 ± 17.08
BMI
BMI(kg/m^2)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
Mean34.68 ± 4.5835.43 ± 5.1434.55 ± 4.8434.88 ± 4.79
Relative Peak VO2 Max
Relative Peak VO2 Max(mL/kg/min)PlaceboLow Dose StatinHigh Dose StatinTotal
Mean25.29 ± 6.2121.30 ± 6.2722.74 ± 5.7422.97 ± 6.15
08

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Kansas Medical Center
    Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Feb 2018 to primary completion in Jun 2024, 76 months.

Results were first posted in Apr 2025, 10 months after primary completion.

Of 107 non-industry phase 4 interventional studies under Cardiovascular Diseases, half reached primary completion within 46 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 28 and three quarters within 76. This study's 76 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 113 studies reached it within 46 months; a quarter within 26 and three quarters within 64.

Cardiovascular Diseases covers many different conditions, not one, so the studies compared here vary widely. Read these figures as a rough guide.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Nov 20, 2017
First posted
Dec 4, 2017
StartActual
Feb 1, 2018
Primary completionActual
Jun 5, 2024
CompletionActual
Jun 5, 2024
Results first posted
Apr 15, 2025
Last update
Apr 15, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 15, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03360916
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 4, 2017
Start date
Feb 1, 2018
Primary completion
Jun 5, 2024
Completion
Jun 5, 2024
Results posted
Apr 15, 2025
Last update
Apr 15, 2025

Study contacts

John Thyfault, PhD
principal investigator · University of Kansas Medical Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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Studies of the drug tested here: Atorvastatin

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