ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03330444ERA-niMICUpdated Oct 9, 2020

Development of a Microbiome Non-invasive Diagnosis Tool

An observational study in Infertility of Uterine Origin, sponsored by Igenomix. Completed at 13 sites in 8 countries. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 50 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-10-09.

Sponsored by Igenomix (part of Vitrolife) · Observational

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Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
452
Ages
18 Years to 50 Years
Sex
Female
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-14

Among 44 studies in Dysbiosis with a site in United States — 14 open to participants now, 20 under way, none of them phase 3. Dysbiosis · United States.

Started
2017
with 1 other
Observational
8 of 44
none open now
Registered
6th of 44
by date

Among the 44 studies in Dysbiosis with a site in United States, this one is one of 2 that started in 2017, is one of 8 observational ones, and was the 6th registered.

Dysbiosis

188 studies on the registry are indexed under Dysbiosis; 65 are open to participants now.

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Open to participants now

14 of the 44 studies in Dysbiosis with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

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Who these studies take

Of the 42 Dysbiosis studies recruiting now, 14 (33%) set no upper age limit and 25 (60%) stop at 75 or younger; 11 take children under 18; 19 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 50 Years · female · healthy volunteers too.

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02

Study summary

Although the endometrium tissue has been traditionally considered free of bacteria, recent studies have documented the presence of an endometrial microbiome. In a pilot study conducted by our research team, the microorganisms present in the endometrium were analysed in samples of endometrial fluid (EF) using next generation sequencing (NGS).Consistent with previously published studies, in normal conditions the endometrium is mainly composed of different species of the genus Lactobacillus. It was further noted that the presence of other pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus, and/or Gardnerella may alter the endometrial microbiome and can disrupt the uterine environment, affecting implantation rates and pregnancy success.

This project aims to validate the microbiome found in the endometrium of women of reproductive age and try to corroborate the relationship between the endometrial microbiome and the reproductive outcomes in patients undergoing assisted reproduction treatment (ART). The use of Endometrial Receptivity Analysis (ERA) tool, together with the analysis of the endometrial flora before the embryo transfer will allow to evaluate the impact of the presence of endometrial pathogens on implantation in receptive patients.

Therefore, the focus of this project is the development and clinical validation of a non-invasive diagnosis tool to analyse the microbiota, adding the microbiome study to the ERA analysis.

Read the detailed description

Embryonic implantation is a critical process to the survival of the species that is relatively inefficient, especially in humans. Key elements are the embryo, the maternal endometrium, and the cross-communication between them using different scientific perspectives. Endometrial receptivity describes the phenotype that allows embryo adhesion and placentation to occur. Due to the need of an accurate and objective molecular diagnostic test for the receptivity status of endometrium, the Endometrial Receptivity Analysis (ERA) was developed. ERA test is a customized expression microarray that identifies the transcriptomic expression profile signature of the personalized window of implantation (WOI). Its clinical usefulness has been demonstrated in patients with implantation failure in whom 25% of them have a displaced WOI becoming pregnant once the embryo transfer is performed at the proper WOI predicted by ERA. However, this procedure requires an endometrial biopsy (EB), which is the major drawback of this diagnosis test, because embryo transfer has to be delayed to the next cycle, and also the possible discomforts caused to the patients. For this reason, a previous pilot study was conducted in order to confirm whether endometrial receptivity can be predicted through non-invasive methods in endometrial fluid (EF) samples. The gene panel of ERA test was interrogated on epithelial and stromal cells from endometrial biopsies and cells isolated from the EF at the single cell level, demonstrating that the major cells on the EF classifies together with the epithelial population.

On the other hand, to try to better understand the mechanisms that connect endometrial receptivity and/or implantation of the embryo with an altered endometrial microbiome, another pilot study was conducted to determine the composition of the endometrial microbiome after the analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA by NGS. Interestingly, in patients with receptive endometrium, diagnosed by Endometrial Receptivity Array (ERA) who had endometrial microbiome with pathogens, or not dominated by bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus (NLD) showed significantly lower implantation (23.1% vs 60.7% p = 0.02), pregnancy (33.3% vs 70.6%, p = 0.03), ongoing pregnancy per embryo transfer (13.3% vs 58.8%, p = 0.03), and live birth (6.7% vs 58.8%, p = 0.002) rates than those with a healthy endometrial microbiome dominated by Lactobacillus (LD). Moreover, this relationship was much more significant when pathogenic species found belonged to the genus Gardnerella and Streptococcus. This is in line with other published studies that analyze the impact of endometrial pathogens in IVF treatments, highlighting the importance of the study of bacterial communities for reproductive health.

Given these preliminary results, the present study aims to validate in a larger sample set, the relationship between the imbalance of endometrial microbiome and the decline in reproductive success in patients undergoing ART. To do this, the experimental design will be improved in the following areas: (i) a higher sample size will be analysed to validate the previous results obtained in the previous pilot study on endometrial microbiome, (ii) paired samples from endometrial fluid and endometrial biopsy will be analysed for the microbial profile to study whether there is bacterial variability associated to the sample type, (iii) the endometrial microbiota will be simultaneously assessed with ERA as a supplementary diagnosis for this tool, and (iv) the analysis of the endometrial microbiota will be performed using the most advanced technology on bacterial metagenome sequencing to widen the information of the microorganisms identified in each sample.

03

Conditions studied

  • Infertility of Uterine Origin

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Keywords

  • Endometrial microbiota
  • Bacterial pathogens
  • Assisted reproductive techniques
  • Dysbiosis
  • Endometrial receptivity
  • Endometrial diagnosis
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 50 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

ART patients, with indication of diagnosis of endometrial receptivity by ERA that will receive embryo transfer with frozen blastocyst stage embryos (day 5/day 6).

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) / IntraCytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) or OVODON with indication of ERA, with or without Preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) indication, which receive embryo transfer with frozen blastocyst stage embryos (day 5/day 6) on a hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycle.
  • Maternal Age: ≤40 years (IVF/ICSI patients)
  • Maternal Age: ≤50 years (OVODONATION patients)
  • (BMI): 18.5 - 30 kg / m2 (both inclusive)
  • Negative serological tests for (HIV), virus (HBV), virus (HCV), Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) for syphilis
  • Women with regular menstrual formula (3-4 / 26- 35 days)
  • Sperm concentration: > 2 million spermatozoa/ml

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who are Intra-Uterine Device (IUD) carriers in the last 3 months
  • Patients who have taken prescribed antibiotics in the last 3 months before the sample collection. (May be accepted those cases where the patient has received previous prophylactic antibiotics to ovarian puncture in the stimulation cycle, according to the standard clinical practice of the centre. The administration of this antibiotic should be at least 1 month before the sample collection).
  • Adnexal or uterine pathologies as uterine malformations that may affect the implantation rate (e.g: Polyps, intramural myoma ≥ 4cm or submucosal, septum, hydrosalpinx, etc). Patients affected (before or after of their inclusion) with any of the previously described pathologies, will be allowed to participate in this study as long as they are surgically treated before any study procedure.
  • Existence of bacterial, fungal or viral infections severe or uncontrolled that, in the opinion of the principal investigator, could interfere with the patient's participation in the study or the assessments of the study results.
  • Any illness or medical condition that is unstable or can put patient safety at risk and compliance in the study.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(4)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

Hepatitis B tests

Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.

Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.

Hepatitis C tests

Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.

After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
452 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No
Biospecimen retention
Samples with dna

Groups and cohorts

  • LD microbiome receptive to the ERA test

    Receptive patients by the ERA test with an endometrial microbiota mainly composed of different species of the genus Lactobacillus, determined by NGS sequencing.

    Procedure: Endometrial biopsy and endometrial fluid collection

  • NLD microbiome receptive to the ERA test

    Receptive patients by the ERA test with an endometrial microbiota composed of different pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus and Gardnerella, or not dominated by bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, determined by NGS sequencing.

    Procedure: Endometrial biopsy and endometrial fluid collection

Interventions

  • ProcedureEndometrial biopsy and endometrial fluid collection

    On the same day that the EB for ERA is indicated, in day 5 of a HRT cycle with 5 days of progesterone, according to the common clinical practice, a sample of EF will be aspirated immediately prior to EB for ERA. This EF sample will be used for the non-invasive diagnosis of the microbiome, also a small portion of the endometrial tissue obtained for the endometrial receptivity diagnosis by ERA will be used as a control for the study of the endometrial microbiome. Those patients with a receptive endometrium will continue their ART according to the standard clinical protocol. Those patients with non-receptive endometrium will follow the recommendation derived of the ERA test for the election of the day for a second EB sample, in which the collection of EF sample will be repeated. Finally, the receptivity and microbiome results in EF will be correlated with that on the endometrial tissue, and with the reproductive outcomes of these patients after the embryo transfer.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Development of a new non-invasive diagnosis test of Endometrial Microbiome (EM) in infertile patients

    Bacterial DNA analysis by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) using endometrial fluid for the EM diagnose. This will be measured by the percentage of each bacterial DNA in EF samples

    Time frame: 24 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Live birth rate

    Number of babies born per embryo transfer

    Time frame: 40 weeks

  2. Implantation rate

    Number of implanted embryos per total number of embryos transferred

    Time frame: 12 weeks

  3. Pregnancy rate

    Number of pregnancies per embryo transfer

    Time frame: 20 weeks

  4. Biochemical pregnancies

    Number of biochemical pregnancies per total number of pregnancies

    Time frame: 20 weeks

  5. Ectopic pregnancies

    Number of ectopic pregnancies per total number of pregnancies

    Time frame: 20 weeks

  6. Clinical miscarriages

    Number of clinical miscarriages per total number of pregnancies

    Time frame: 20 weeks

  7. Ongoing pregnacy rate

    Number of ongoing pregnancies per embryo transfer

    Time frame: 40 weeks

07

Study locations

13 sites
  • RMA Connecticut
    Norwalk, Connecticut 06861, United States
  • IVF Florida
    Margate, Florida 33063, United States
  • Missouri Center for Reproductive Medicine (MCRM Fertility)
    Chesterfield, Missouri 63005, United States
  • Dominion Fertility
    Arlington, Washington 22203, United States
  • Gestanza Medicina Reproductiva
    Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
  • Pregna Medicina Reproductiva
    Buenos Aires, C1425DGQ, Argentina
  • Pacific Center for Reproductive Medicine
    Burnaby, British Columbia V5G 4X7, Canada
  • oak Clinic Sumiyoshi
    Osaka, Osaka Prefecture 557-0045, Japan
  • Alpha Fertility Center
    Petaling Jaya, Selangor 47810, Malaysia
  • New Hope Fertility Center
    Mexico City, 11000, Mexico
  • Clinica Fertia
    Fuengirola, Malaga 29640, Spain
  • ProcreaTec
    Madrid, 28036, Spain
  • Bahçeci Fulya IVF Center
    Istanbul, Turkey
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Aug 2017 to primary completion in May 2019, 21 months.

Of 29 observational studies under Dysbiosis, half reached primary completion within 23 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 51. This study's 21 months is close to that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 24, 2017
First posted
Nov 6, 2017
StartActual
Aug 4, 2017
Primary completionActual
May 17, 2019
CompletionActual
Jun 25, 2020
Last update
Oct 9, 2020
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 9, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03330444
Lead sponsor
Igenomix
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 6, 2017
Start date
Aug 4, 2017
Primary completion
May 17, 2019
Completion
Jun 25, 2020
Last update
Oct 9, 2020

Study contacts

Carlos Simón, MD PhD
study chair · Igenomix

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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