ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03330262BALCAPUpdated Mar 10, 2021Results posted

Head-Mounted Vibrotactile Prosthesis for Patients With Chronic Postural Instability

An interventional study of BALCAP prosthesis in Vestibular Disorder and Dizziness, sponsored by Barron Associates, Inc.. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 21 Years to 89 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-03-10.

Sponsored by Barron Associates, Inc. · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
13
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
21 Years to 89 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 54 studies in Vestibular Diseases with a site in United States — 14 open to participants now, 16 under way, none of them phase 3. Vestibular Diseases · United States.

Enrollment
36th of 48
13 · median 32
Started
2017
with 1 other
No phase
44 of 54
13 open now
Registered
14th of 54
by date
Lead sponsor
1 of 54
Barron Associates, Inc.

Among the 54 studies in Vestibular Diseases with a site in United States, this one is the 36th largest by enrollment of the 48 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 2 that started in 2017, is one of 44 with no phase, and was the 14th registered.

Vestibular Diseases

170 studies on the registry are indexed under Vestibular Diseases; 41 are open to participants now.

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Open to participants now

14 of the 54 studies in Vestibular Diseases with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

9 more — sign in →

All 14 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 21 Vestibular Diseases studies recruiting now, 6 (29%) set no upper age limit and 9 (43%) stop at 75 or younger; 6 take children under 18; 7 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 21 Years to 89 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

The goal of this study is to evaluate a tactile prosthesis that provide individuals who have demonstrated chronic imbalance with help to maintain a correct sense of orientation with respect to the gravity and improve posture control.

Read the detailed description

The goal of this study is to evaluate a tactile prosthesis that provide individuals who have demonstrated chronic imbalance with help to maintain a correct sense of orientation with respect to the gravity and improve posture control. Chronic imbalance leads to significant problems. This study is designed to evaluate a device which can potentially improve the balance of these patients.

The participant will be asked to come to Washington University on three occasions for approximately 2 hours. Between visits, they will be asked to use the device daily (intervention condition) or to not use the device (control condition) for a prescribed period of time doing different activities. They will be provided written instructions from a physical therapist that will be determined by their individual ability. The activities will be typical exercises that are given to people with balance disorders. After 6 weeks of home use, participants will return for the second visit, and will repeat the evaluation. They will then return home and complete the either the control or intervention condition (which was not done the first time) in a crossover design.

On their first visit (week 0; baseline) participants will be asked to complete the same kind of tests that evaluated the function of their balance system at the time of their diagnosis. They will have their eye movements recorded using goggles and an infra-red camera while the prosthesis is in place and providing vibration feedback. Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) testing will require them to stand on a platform and perform tests (20 seconds each) with their eyes open or closed, with the platform moving or still, and/or with the visual surround either stable or moving. They will be fitted with a safety harness that will keep them from falling. Next the investigators will evaluate their ability to perform movement tasks while walking (walking down the hall, walking down the hall avoiding objects, changing speeds while walking, going up and down stairs etc). They will walk a 25-foot distance at a comfortable gait speed, and again at a maximum gait speed. Lastly, they will be asked to fill out questionnaires.

On their second and last visit, they will repeat the evaluations that were performed during the first visit.

03

Conditions studied

  • Vestibular Disorder
  • Dizziness

Keywords

  • Postural Instability
  • Balance Disorder
  • Balance Prosthesis
  • Dizziness
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
21 Years to 89 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Ambulatory
  • Chronic imbalance for at least 1 year
  • Have reached a functional performance plateau with respect to balance performance
  • Have a DGI score of \<19
  • Fall below age and gender matched normative data for gait speed

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Subjects who are unwilling or unable to adhere to all study requirements, including completion of the training period, evaluation tests, and return to clinic for a follow-up visit.
  • Women who are pregnant (women will self-report possible pregnancy).
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
13 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    BALCAP prosthesis, then Control

    Participants performed exercises daily at home wearing the BALCAP prosthesis for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, participants performed the control condition (the same exercises without the BALCAP). Tests were performed before and after each 6-week period. Exercises included: (1) standing on a firm surface with feet apart, eyes open and closed; (2) standing on a firm surface with feet together, eyes open and closed; (3) standing on thick footing (e.g., multiple pairs of socks) with feet apart, eyes open and closed; (4) standing on thick footing with feet together, eyes open and closed; (5) standing in a modified Romberg position on a firm surface, eyes open and closed; (6) standing in a Romberg position on a firm surface, eyes open and closed; (7) walking on a firm surface eyes open; (8) walking with thick footing, eyes open; (9) walking with head turns and tilts, eyes open; and (10) walking around a room, with turns and movements other than straight forward walking, eyes open.

    Device: BALCAP prosthesis

  • Experimental
    Control, then BALCAP prosthesis

    Participants performed exercises daily at home for 6 weeks without wearing the BALCAP prosthesis (control), followed by another 6 weeks of the same exercises with the BALCAP prosthesis (intervention). Tests were performed before and after each 6 week period. Exercises included: (1) standing on a firm surface with feet apart, eyes open and closed; (2) standing on a firm surface with feet together, eyes open and closed; (3) standing on thick footing (e.g., multiple pairs of socks) with feet apart, eyes open and closed; (4) standing on thick footing with feet together, eyes open and closed; (5) standing in a modified Romberg position on a firm surface, eyes open and closed; (6) standing in a Romberg position on a firm surface, eyes open and closed; (7) walking on a firm surface eyes open; (8) walking with thick footing, eyes open; (9) walking with head turns and tilts, eyes open; and (10) walking around a room, with turns and movements other than straight forward walking, eyes open.

    Device: BALCAP prosthesis

Interventions

  • DeviceBALCAP prosthesis

    The noninvasive BALCAP prosthesis offers uses six degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) sensing to detect postural imbalance and actuate low-amplitude vibrotactile cues directly to the head to provide the wearer with feedback concerning head tilt in the pitch and roll plane.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Difference in Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)

    This outcome compared the Dynamic Gait Index score when the BALCAP prosthesis was worn vs. when it was not worn at baseline in order to evaluate if there is an assistive benefit to wearing the device. The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) is a clinical tool to assess gait, balance, and fall risk using various walking tasks. The range of scores is 0 to 24. A higher score is better. All participants performed this test at baseline both wearing the BALCAP and not wearing the BALCAP. This test does not measure a change in DGI score over time but compares the results of the test while wearing the BALCAP vs. not wearing the BALCAP during the same evaluation period (baseline).

    Time frame: Week 0 (baseline)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in Computerized Dynamic Posturography: Equilibrium Score

    Change in Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP): equilibrium score. Computerized Dynamic Posturography is used to assess balance disorders using a balance platform. CDP is used to determine postural stability; it measures a patient's ability to maintain balance under multiple conditions by testing visual, vestibular, and somatosensory balance components of the body. The equilibrium score is an overall indicator of balance. A score of 100 represents perfect stability and a score of 0 indicates a loss of balance. A higher value is better. This test is intended to ascertain if there is a rehabilitative benefit of using the BALCAP instrument.

    Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of either the intervention or the control condition

  2. Difference in Gait Speed

    The gait speed of each participant was measured over a 25-foot difference when wearing the BALCAP vs when not wearing the BALCAP. This test was performed on all participants at baseline prior to the home studies. A higher value represents faster gait speed. This test is intended to measure the assistive benefit of the BALCAP prosthesis.

    Time frame: Week 0 (baseline)

  3. Change in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale

    Change in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale is a self-report questionnaire that measures an individual's confidence in performing activities without losing balance. The score range is from 0 to 100. A higher value is better.

    Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of either the intervention or the control condition

  4. Change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory Score

    Change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory score. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) is a common self-report quality of life measure for vestibular disorders. The score range is from 0 to 100 and a lower score is better. This test is intended to ascertain if there is a rehabilitative benefit of using the BALCAP instrument.

    Time frame: Before and after 6 weeks of either the intervention or the control condition

07

Results

Posted Mar 10, 2021

Participant flow

First Six Weeks
Participant flow — First Six Weeks
MilestoneBALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP Prosthesis
Started76
Completed76
Not completed00
Second Six Weeks
Participant flow — Second Six Weeks
MilestoneBALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP Prosthesis
Started76
Completed55
Not completed21

Outcome measures

PrimaryDifference in Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)

This outcome compared the Dynamic Gait Index score when the BALCAP prosthesis was worn vs. when it was not worn at baseline in order to evaluate if there is an assistive benefit to wearing the device. The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) is a clinical tool to assess gait, balance, and fall risk using various walking tasks. The range of scores is 0 to 24. A higher score is better. All participants performed this test at baseline both wearing the BALCAP and not wearing the BALCAP. This test does not measure a change in DGI score over time but compares the results of the test while wearing the BALCAP vs. not wearing the BALCAP during the same evaluation period (baseline).

Time frame:
Week 0 (baseline)
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Difference in Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)
units on a scaleAll Participants
Difference in Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)0.77 (0.16 to 1.38)
Statistical analysis
  • All Participants · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.018
SecondaryChange in Computerized Dynamic Posturography: Equilibrium Score

Change in Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP): equilibrium score. Computerized Dynamic Posturography is used to assess balance disorders using a balance platform. CDP is used to determine postural stability; it measures a patient's ability to maintain balance under multiple conditions by testing visual, vestibular, and somatosensory balance components of the body. The equilibrium score is an overall indicator of balance. A score of 100 represents perfect stability and a score of 0 indicates a loss of balance. A higher value is better. This test is intended to ascertain if there is a rehabilitative benefit of using the BALCAP instrument.

Time frame:
Before and after 6 weeks of either the intervention or the control condition
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Change in Computerized Dynamic Posturography: Equilibrium Score
units on a scaleBALCAP ProsthesisControl
Change in Computerized Dynamic Posturography: Equilibrium Score5.94 (1.8 to 10.9)0.34 (-3.81 to 4.49)
Statistical analysis
  • BALCAP Prosthesis · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.006
  • Control · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.869
SecondaryDifference in Gait Speed

The gait speed of each participant was measured over a 25-foot difference when wearing the BALCAP vs when not wearing the BALCAP. This test was performed on all participants at baseline prior to the home studies. A higher value represents faster gait speed. This test is intended to measure the assistive benefit of the BALCAP prosthesis.

Time frame:
Week 0 (baseline)
Reported as:
Mean · meters/second
Difference in Gait Speed
meters/secondAll Participants
Difference in Gait Speed0.03 (-0.05 to 0.11)
Statistical analysis
  • All Participants · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.448
SecondaryChange in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale

Change in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale is a self-report questionnaire that measures an individual's confidence in performing activities without losing balance. The score range is from 0 to 100. A higher value is better.

Time frame:
Before and after 6 weeks of either the intervention or the control condition
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Change in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale
units on a scaleBALCAP ProsthesisControl
Change in Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale6.04 (-5.45 to 17.53)1.39 (-10.10 to 12.88)
Statistical analysis
  • BALCAP Prosthesis · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.273
  • Control · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.796
SecondaryChange in Dizziness Handicap Inventory Score

Change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory score. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) is a common self-report quality of life measure for vestibular disorders. The score range is from 0 to 100 and a lower score is better. This test is intended to ascertain if there is a rehabilitative benefit of using the BALCAP instrument.

Time frame:
Before and after 6 weeks of either the intervention or the control condition
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory Score
units on a scaleBALCAP ProsthesisControl
Change in Dizziness Handicap Inventory Score-7.33 (-18.66 to 3.99)2.00 (-9.32 to 13.32)
Statistical analysis
  • BALCAP Prosthesis · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.189
  • Control · Mixed Models Analysis · p = 0.713

Adverse events

Collected over The 12 weeks of each participant's study.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
BALCAP Prosthesis0/13 (0%)0/13 (0%)0/13 (0%)
Control0/13 (0%)0/13 (0%)0/13 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)BALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP ProsthesisTotal
<=18 years000
Between 18 and 65 years224
>=65 years549
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)BALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP ProsthesisTotal
Mean68 ± 10.771.6 ± 11.569.7 ± 10.8
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)BALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP ProsthesisTotal
Female336
Male437
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)BALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP ProsthesisTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native000
Asian000
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander000
Black or African American000
White7613
More than one race000
Unknown or Not Reported000
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)BALCAP Prosthesis, Then ControlControl, Then BALCAP ProsthesisTotal
United States7613
08

Study locations

1 site
  • Washington University School of Medicine
    Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Oct 2017 to primary completion in Nov 2018, 13 months.

Results were first posted in Mar 2021, 2 years 3 months after primary completion.

Of 84 interventional studies with no phase under Vestibular Diseases, half reached primary completion within 15 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 8 and three quarters within 34. This study's 13 months is below that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
May 11, 2017
First posted
Nov 6, 2017
StartActual
Oct 1, 2017
Primary completionActual
Nov 30, 2018
CompletionActual
Nov 30, 2018
Results first posted
Mar 10, 2021
Last update
Mar 10, 2021
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 10, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03330262
Lead sponsor
Barron Associates, Inc.
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 6, 2017
Start date
Oct 1, 2017
Primary completion
Nov 30, 2018
Completion
Nov 30, 2018
Results posted
Mar 10, 2021
Last update
Mar 10, 2021

Study contacts

Eugene Parker, PHD
principal investigator · Barron Associates, Inc.

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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