An Early Phase 1 interventional study of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer, sponsored by Juravinski Cancer Center. Status unknown at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-01-29.
Sponsored by Juravinski Cancer Center · Early Phase 1, Interventional, and Treatment
The purpose of this study is to evaluate feasibility to treat metachronous multi-site breast cancer oligometastasis with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients on systemic therapy.
Patients who present with or develop metastatic breast cancer after initial therapy are typically considered incurable. Treatments offered are to relieve symptoms and are palliative in intent, including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, biologics (e.g. trastuzumab for Her2 positive disease), bisphosphonates (for bone protection), palliative radiotherapy for symptom relief, and supportive care. Prognosis is guarded, with median OS estimated at 2-3 years, and progression free survival (PFS) approximately 9-12 months.
Based on research observing the natural history of breast cancer, it was discovered that some cancers have a predilection for spread to a limited number of sites and remain in these sites for a number of months before acquiring widespread malignant potential. This is defined as the oligometastatic state, and patients with up to five sites of disease are said to have oligometastatic (OM) cancer. A number of studies of systemic therapy in metastatic breast cancer have reported that patients with OM disease have a better prognosis compared to other patients with more widespread disease, and in particular in patients with bone-only metastastic breast cancer, outcomes may be better.
In the setting of OM disease in particular, local therapies could be considered. For example, metastatectomies have been adopted into clinical practice in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases and sarcoma lung metastases with encouraging long-term outcomes. In the case of metastatic breast cancer, there is less data to support a local therapy approach. Breast cancer patients in particular commonly present with metastatic bone, lung and liver disease. Some of these sites, for example bony or spinal disease, are not as easily amenable to surgical resection, and surgery itself can cause significant morbidity. In such patients, it would be desirable to consider a locally ablative therapy that is non-invasive, versatile (can treat multiple sites simultaneously); generalizable to patients of various performance statuses; have low rates of toxicity; and be proven to eradicate disease in treated areas.
Standard conformal radiotherapy (RT) is traditionally used for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. The main indication for RT has been with palliative intent, and relatively low doses are used with the goal of symptom control. Higher RT doses given in 5-6 weeks (50-60 Gy/25-30 fractions) may improve local control (LC); however they are inconvenient and may be associated with increased acute toxicity. Over the past 10 years, due to technical advances in RT planning and delivery, the ability to precisely and safely deliver larger daily doses over shorter periods of time has developed, known as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). This technique is defined by the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology as: "The precise delivery of highly conformal and image-guided hypo-fractionated external beam radiotherapy, delivered in a single or few fraction(s), to an extra-cranial body target with doses at least biologically equivalent to a radical course when given over a conventionally fractionated (1.8-3.0 Gy/fraction) schedule". SBRT is a non-invasive method involving delivery of multiple small radiation beams from many angles with sub-millimetre precision, targeted to eradicate intracranial lesions. The goal is to use large ablative doses to achieve permanent tumour control with 1-6 fractions of 5-20 Gy per fraction. Ultimately this represents a philosophical shift in treating a metastatic site with locally "ablative" doses of radiation in a safe, effective, and convenient fashion.
There is growing evidence to support the safety and efficacy of SBRT to many single organ sites, and literature reviews demonstrate LC of 70-90% in OM sites at 1-2 years. A recent systematic review of the literature of ablative therapies in metastatic breast cancer (including SBRT) revealed significant heterogeneity in observed studies, and no clearly definable subgroups that may benefit, with the exception of patients who had complete ablation of their residual disease. The conclusion from this study was that further clinical trials were necessary to demonstrate benefit of ablative therapies as compared to standard treatment in breast OM.
Therefore, while SBRT has been used safely and effectively to treat OM evidence suggests there is still a need in better characterizing the role of SBRT with respect to local control, freedom from distant progression and potentially survival. The investigators believe that patients with metastatic breast cancer are likely to benefit from SBRT for a number of reasons: 1) a significant portion of patients develop OM disease; 2) the most common breast OM sites including bone, liver and lung are amenable to SBRT; 3) with improvements in systemic therapy, there is a high probability that microscopic (non-clinically evident) metastatic disease will be controlled, so that additional local therapy may be synergistic and improve local control and symptom development in the future. Notwithstanding these factors, SBRT to bony and other sites is rarely used in metastatic breast cancer patients in Canada for several reasons: there is a gap in knowledge regarding the potential role of SBRT in these patients, a current pattern of referrals and triage for more traditional palliative treatments, and lack of standardized protocols to treat, assess response and follow these patients. The investigators propose a feasibility study, which addresses these issues in patients with OM breast cancer to bony and visceral sites, which may provide the background foundation for future research and patient care. The study aims to address not only feasibility, but local control, survival, toxicity, and quality of life.
14,825 studies on the registry are indexed under Breast Neoplasms; 3,319 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 30 is below the median of 72 across 10,896 interventional studies indexed under Breast Neoplasms.
Browse Breast Neoplasms studies →Juravinski Cancer Center is the lead sponsor of 9 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.
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Diagnosis of newly breast cancer with a disease-free interval of at least six months from initial completion of primary breast cancer (stage I-III) treatment (including net- or adjuvant chemotherapy, but excluding hormonal or targeted therapies).
Adequate definitive primary treatment is required, including partial or complete mastectomy, standard partial breast, whole breast or loco-regional radiotherapy, with or without hormonal therapy or chemotherapy. Note patients must be offered systemic therapy prior to radiotherapy, if deemed fit for treatment. Systemic therapy (including chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or targeted therapy may have been initiated within the previous 12 months, or commence following SBRT. Alternatively patients may develop breast OM while on any adjuvant hormonal therapy provided at least six months have passed since definitive local treatment or chemotherapy;
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Neoadjuvant treatment is given before the main treatment (usually surgery), often to shrink a tumour. Adjuvant treatment is given after it, to lower the chance of the cancer coming back.
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.
Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Blood tests of how long blood takes to clot. The INR is the prothrombin time (PT) put on a common scale; about 1 is usual for someone not taking a blood thinner.
Criteria often make an exception for people on a blood thinner such as warfarin, whose INR is raised on purpose.
Metastases
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Adjuvant and neoadjuvant
Neoadjuvant treatment is given before the main treatment (usually surgery), often to shrink a tumour. Adjuvant treatment is given after it, to lower the chance of the cancer coming back.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Brain metastases
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraindication
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Cancer (malignancy)
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ECOG performance status
A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.
Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Bilirubin
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
INR, PT and aPTT (clotting tests)
Blood tests of how long blood takes to clot. The INR is the prothrombin time (PT) put on a common scale; about 1 is usual for someone not taking a blood thinner.
Criteria often make an exception for people on a blood thinner such as warfarin, whose INR is raised on purpose.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) up to 5 OM sites
Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Five fraction SBRT (or two fraction in case of spine) to any sites of breast cancer oligometastasis using robotic radio surgery or linear accelerator based SBRT
Technical feasibility of planning SBRT to multiple sites
Successful planning and delivery of SBRT to multiple sites, defined by covering 95% of target volume with 95% of prescribed dose, while keeping within established normal tissue constraints for 2, 3, 5 fraction SBRT.
Time frame: Two weeks from consent
Toxicity: Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events [safety and tolerability] as assessed by CTCAE 4.0
Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events \[safety and tolerability\] as assessed by CTCAE 4.0
Time frame: One week, 3,6, 12 months from SBRT treatment
Feasibility of patient accrual: Successful accrual of 30 patients to study
Successful accrual of 30 patients to study
Time frame: At 12 months from study initiation
Local Control: CT scan or MRI as assessed by RECIST criteria 1.1
CT scan or MRI as assessed by RECIST criteria 1.1
Time frame: 3, 6, 12 months from SBRT treatment
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
CT scan or MRI as assessed by RECIST criteria 1.1
Time frame: 3, 6, 12 months from SBRT treatment
Overall Survival (OS)
OS in months censored at last follow up
Time frame: 3, 6 12 months from SBRT treatment
Quality of Life defined by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire core-30
Patient-reported, defined by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire core-30
Time frame: One week, 3, 6, 12 months from SBRT treatment
Plan to share: Undecided — De-identified patient data may be shared with other participating centres (Odette Sunnybrook Cancer Centre)
This study is status unknown, as verified in Jan 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Juravinski Cancer Center