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RecruitingNCT02953899Updated May 11, 2026

Contingency Management as an Adjunct Treatment for Rural and Remote Disordered Gamblers

An interventional study of Contingency Management and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Gambling Disorder, sponsored by University of Lethbridge. Recruiting at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 70 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-11.

Sponsored by University of Lethbridge · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Nov 2016; still recruiting 10 years later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
54
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this project is to pilot contingency management as an adjunct treatment to counselling as usual using internet delivered video-conferencing applications for remote disordered gamblers. This project further investigates the impact of adding contingency management to counselling to improve counselling attendance and retention and uses internet-delivered approaches to assist rural and remote disordered gamblers gain access to counselling treatments.

Read the detailed description

The chosen methodology is a randomised clinical trial where participants are allocated into one of two conditions; Contingency Management and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CM+), or Cognitive Behavioural Therapy alone (CBT) for the treatment of disordered gambling. Participants will experience a battery of tests pre- and post-treatment examining clinical, psychological, and behavioural issues, including co-morbid substance use. Alberta Rural Development Network (ARDN) affiliates will be provided with information regarding how participants can access the Qualtrics study site (e.g., an on-line survey hosting company) and will be individually directed to the study site by the principal investigator to complete the consent form and the base-line assessments. Counselling will be provided free of charge using Skype or Facetime video-conferencing internet applications. Participation in each condition will last 14 weeks: 12 weeks for treatment, and 2 weeks of assessments (one week prior to treatment and one week post treatment). Pre-treatment assessments (including demographic information) will take approximately 30-45 minutes, as will the post-treatment assessments. The progress check-ups by the Principal Investigator will take 5 to 10 minutes. A subset of treatment seekers, counsellors, and community/project stakeholders (e.g., ARDN affiliates) will also be chosen to participate in qualitative interviews to explore their experiences as well as their perceptions regarding the utility of the program for residents of rural and remote areas. The qualitative interviews will take approximately 30-60 minutes.

02

Conditions studied

  • Gambling Disorder

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Keywords

  • Internet
  • Contingency Management
  • Gambling Disorder
  • Rural
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In context

Gambling

158 studies on the registry are indexed under Gambling; 42 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 54 is below the median of 66 across 128 interventional studies indexed under Gambling.

Browse Gambling studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Lethbridge is the lead sponsor of 6 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • capable of providing written consent,
  • received a diagnosis of gambling disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013),
  • gambled within the last month,
  • live in a rural or remote location, and
  • speak English

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Medically unmanaged psychiatric or neurological disorder(s) except for disordered gambling
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
54 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Contingency Management

    This is a treatment where participants earn points for treatment attendance and for providing evidence of gambling abstinence. These points are added to study accounts that can be redeemed for goods and services available at a variety of on-line businesses (e.g., Amazon, Walmart, etc.). Submission of evidence of gambling behaviour or non-attendance at an on-line counselling session re-sets subsequent points to the starting level. The CM procedure is implemented as part of the CBT counselling session.

    Behavioral: Contingency Management

  • Active comparator
    Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

    CBT is currently considered "best practice" for the treatment of problem gambling, as noted in the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) endorsed Clinical Guidelines for problem and pathological gambling treatment (Problem Gambling Research and Treatment Centre, 2011). CBT is typically a semi-structured approach for delivering cognitive behavioural therapy addressing the participant's experiences, thoughts, and emotions relating to their gambling and substance use. Techniques include psychoeducation, behavioural interventions, and cognitive strategies. Participants are expected to attend on-line counselling sessions three times a week for approximately 12 weeks. All participants will receive individual counselling from an experienced counsellor/therapist.

    Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Interventions

  • BehavioralContingency Management

    In addition to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, this intervention uses small incentives to reinforce study attendance and gambling abstinence.

  • BehavioralCognitive Behavioural Therapy

    This intervention uses psychoeducation, behavioural strategies, and cognitive restructuring to assist the participant in their efforts to become abstinent from gambling.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Gambling Abstinence

    The total number of sessions that a participant provided evidence of gambling abstinence in the study

    Time frame: 12 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Session Attendance

    The total number of sessions that a participant attended the study

    Time frame: 12-weeks

  2. Study Retention

    The total number of weeks that a participant attended the study

    Time frame: 12-weeks

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • University of Lethbridge
    Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Christensen DR, Witcher CSG, Leighton T, Hudson-Breen R, Ofori-Dei S. Piloting the addition of contingency management to best practice counselling as an adjunct treatment for rural and remote disordered gamblers: study protocol. BMJ Open. 2018 Apr 3;8(4):e018804. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018804. PubMed 29615445 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Only the research team will have access to the individual participant data

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 11, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02953899
Lead sponsor
University of Lethbridge
Collaborators
Rural Development Network
Responsible party
Darren R. Christensen (Chair in Gambling, Assistant Professor, University of Lethbridge) — Principal investigator
First posted
Nov 3, 2016
Start date
Nov 2016
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
May 11, 2026

Study contacts

Darren R Christensen, PhD
Contact
darren.christensen@uleth.ca
403-329-5124
Chad Witcher, PhD
Contact
chad.witcher@uleth.ca
403-332-4439
Darren R Christensen, PhD
principal investigator · University of Lethbridge

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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