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CompletedNCT02916004Updated May 15, 2023

The Use of Nociception Flexion Reflex and Pupillary Dilatation Reflex in ICU Patients.

An interventional study of Measurement of NFR and PDR in Critical Illness, sponsored by University Hospital, Antwerp. Completed at 1 site in Belgium. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-05-15.

Sponsored by University Hospital, Antwerp · Not applicable, Interventional, and Diagnostic

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
40
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The aim of the study was to describe the feasibility of the nociception flexion reflex and the pupillary dilatation reflex as objective pain assessment tools in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Furthermore to describe the relationship between the responses and the standard of care pain evaluation in the critically ill sedated patients.

Patients were under propofol / remifentanil or propofol / sufentanil sedation protocol during measurements in a stair-case increasing intensity model of standardized stimulations. (Stimulation intensity are similar to the stimulations of neuromuscular blocking agents monitoring.)

Read the detailed description

Pupillary dilatation reflex: tetanic stimulations at the nervus medianus were performed starting form 10 milliamperes (mA) up to 60mA. Pupillary diameter was measured before, during and after stimulation.

Nociception flexion reflex: tetanic stimulations at the nervus suralis were performed starting form 0.5mA in increasing steps via an automated RIII (NFR) threshold tracking model.

02

Conditions studied

  • Critical Illness

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Keywords

  • Analgesia
  • Pain measurement
  • Nociception
  • Electromyography
  • Electrical stimulation
  • Pupillometry
  • Critical care
  • Sedation
03

In context

Critical Illness

1,780 studies on the registry are indexed under Critical Illness; 442 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 40 is below the median of 90 across 926 interventional studies indexed under Critical Illness.

Browse Critical Illness studies →

Lead sponsor

University Hospital, Antwerp is the lead sponsor of 243 studies on the registry; 66 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • 18 years of age or older
  • Critically ill with necessity to mechanic ventilation
  • Hospitalized at the ICU of our institution
  • Started sedation protocol (propofol/remifentanil or propofol/sufentanil)
  • Approved by family member or relative.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Known eye deformity or extented ophthalmologic surgery in history
  • Severe traumatic brain injury of fulminant stroke
  • Known (poly)neuropathy of complicated diabetes
  • Need for continuously curarization
  • Hemodynamic instability
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
40 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Other
    Measurement of NFR and PDR

    Diagnostic intervention: excite NFR and PDR in comparison to behavior pain scale (BPS)

    Device: Measurement of NFR and PDR

Interventions

  • DeviceMeasurement of NFR and PDR

    Feasibility testing of NFR and PDR in sedated, ventilated patients. Comparison of NFR and PDR with standard routine care of pain assessment

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Test the feasibility of a objective pain evaluation tool; the nociception flexion reflex (NFR)

    Time frame: 10 seconds after nociceptive stimulation

  2. Test the feasibility of a objective pain evaluation tool; the pupillary dilatation reflex (PDR)

    Time frame: 10 seconds after nociceptive stimulation

Secondary outcomes

  1. Comparison NFR and the standard of care pain assessment (behavior pain scale)

    Routine assessment of pain by attending nurse

    Time frame: In period of routine two hourly check up by nurse

  2. Comparison PDR and the standard of care pain assessment (behavior pain scale)

    Routine assessment of pain by attending nurse

    Time frame: In period of routine two hourly check up by nurse

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University hospital Antwerp
    Edegem, Antwerpen 2650, Belgium
08

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Sep 2016 to primary completion in Nov 2017, 14 months.

Of 400 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Critical Illness, half reached primary completion within 21 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 40. This study's 14 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 404 studies reached it within 21 months; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 40.

Critical Illness covers many different conditions, not one, so the studies compared here vary widely. Read these figures as a rough guide.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Sep 15, 2016
First posted
Sep 27, 2016
StartActual
Sep 26, 2016
Primary completionActual
Nov 30, 2017
CompletionActual
Jul 14, 2018
Last update
May 15, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 15, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02916004
Responsible party
Davina Wildemeersch (MD, University Hospital, Antwerp) — Principal investigator
First posted
Sep 27, 2016
Start date
Sep 26, 2016
Primary completion
Nov 30, 2017
Completion
Jul 14, 2018
Last update
May 15, 2023

Study contacts

Davina Wildemeersch, MD
principal investigator · University Hospital, Antwerp

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in May 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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