ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT02780336Updated May 31, 2019

Blepharospasm Tools

An observational study in Blepharospasm, Dystonia and Other Eye and Face Disorders, sponsored by Emory University. Completed at 11 sites in 4 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-05-31.

Sponsored by Emory University · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Case-control
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
405
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The aim of this study is to develop new rating scales to help diagnose and measure the severity of blepharospasm. This is a condition involving a lot of blinking and spasms of eye closure that people can't control. This study will also test some video software to see if it can help diagnose people or tell the severity of disease using only a video recording of an exam. There is an additional plan to create an educational video to teach others the proper use of the scale and video software.

Read the detailed description

Blepharospasm is a chronic disorder characterized by too many contractions in the muscles around the eye and nearby facial muscles, leading to involuntary eye closure. This study involves a comprehensive evaluation for patients with blepharospasm, other eye and face disorders, and people without any neurologic or eye or face disorders. It addresses abnormal movements of the muscles around the eye, pain in those muscles, psychological accompaniments, and impact on regular daily life. The evaluation for each participant will be done on a single visit, and it may take up to 1.5 hours to complete. Each participant in this study will be asked to do the following:

  • Provide a copy of medical records and provide a medical history relating to the diagnosis of blepharospasm.
  • Have an examination by a neurologist or ophthalmologist to reveal the features and extent of dystonia or other eye and face disorders. The examination will be video recorded so it can be reviewed later by different experts.
  • Complete some questionnaires about quality of life and psychiatric well being

The doctors will also complete various scales and questionnaires based on the participant's study visit.

02

Conditions studied

  • Blepharospasm
  • Dystonia
  • Other Eye and Face Disorders
03

In context

Blepharospasm

42 studies on the registry are indexed under Blepharospasm; 1 is open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 405 is above the median of 115 across 14 observational studies indexed under Blepharospasm.

Browse Blepharospasm studies →

Lead sponsor

Emory University is the lead sponsor of 1,405 studies on the registry; 225 are open to participants now.

Of its 237 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 178 (75%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

The investigators hope to recruit 200 participants with blepharospasm, about 150 with other eye and face disorders, and 50 with no neurologic, eye or face disorder.

Eligibility criteria

BLEPHAROSPASM (BL) GROUP

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosed with Focal, Multifocal or Segmental Isolated Dystonia with Onset in Adulthood, must include blepharospasm.
  • Sufficiently symptomatic at recruitment to ensure that (eye) problems are evident to evaluators.
  • Has ability to provide and follow study directions.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Evidence of a secondary cause for dystonia as defined as blepharospasm caused by drug exposure, parkinsonism, or stroke.
  • Suspected psychogenic movement or eye disorders.
  • Has had surgical intervention for blepharospasm or eye problems that may confound interpretations, such as orbital myectomy, blepharoplasty, or deep brain stimulation surgery.
  • Is being treated with dopamine receptor antagonists.
  • Received BTX injection/botulinum toxin less than 10 weeks prior to study visit.
  • Taking any concomitant medications that haven't been at stable doses for at least 1 month prior to study enrollment.
  • Has significant medical or neurological conditions that preclude completing the video protocol and questionnaires.
  • Has significant physical or other condition that would confound diagnosis or evaluation.

DISEASE CONTROL GROUP:

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosed with a facial or eye disorder that can be confused with blepharospasm, including, but not limited to, hemifacial spasm, facial tics, psychogenic facial disorders, apraxia, and ptosis due to weakness. It is permissible for these problems to be part of Bell's palsy, myasthenia gravis, or Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP).
  • Has no significant dystonia in any body part.
  • Sufficiently symptomatic at recruitment to ensure that (eye) problems are evident to evaluators.
  • Has ability to provide informed consent and follow study directions.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Significant dystonia.
  • Evidence of secondary blepharospasm as defined as blepharospasm caused by drug exposure or stroke.
  • Received BTX injection/botulinum toxin less than 10 weeks prior to study visit.
  • Taking any concomitant medications that haven't been at stable doses for at least 1 month prior to study enrollment.
  • Unable to provide informed consent and follow study directions.
  • Has significant medical or neurological conditions that preclude completing the video protocol and questionnaires.
  • Has significant physical or other condition that would confound diagnosis or evaluation.

NORMAL CONTROL GROUP:

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Has no facial or eye problem and no other neurological complaints.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Has facial or eye problem or other neurological complaints.
  • Taking any concomitant medications that haven't been at stable doses for at least 1 month prior to study enrollment.
  • Unable to provide informed consent and follow study directions.
  • Has significant medical or neurological conditions that preclude completing the video protocol and questionnaires.
  • Has significant physical or other condition that would confound diagnosis or evaluation.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Observational model
Case-control
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
405 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Blepharospasm (BL)

    Participants in this group should be diagnosed with blepharospasm, but may have dystonia in other body parts as well.

    Other: No intervention.

  • Disease Control Group

    Participants in this group should be diagnosed with a disorder affecting their eyes or face, such as hemifacial spasm, facial tics, or apraxia.

    Other: No intervention.

  • Normal Control Group

    Participants in this group should not have any neurologic problems or other disorders affecting patients eyes or face.

    Other: No intervention.

Interventions

  • OtherNo intervention.

    Participants will complete questionnaires and interviews as well as have a neurological exam that will be video recorded. For this exam they will do simple movements (like looking at the camera, squeezing your eyes closed, moving your head, and writing).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Blepharospasm Diagnostic Rating Scale (BDRS)

    The ratings for the BDRS will be examined for internal consistency by pair-wise correlations among all items in the scale in all combinations of possible pairs.

    Time frame: Day 1

  2. Blepharospasm Severity Rating Scale (BSRS)

    The ratings for the BSRS will be examined for internal consistency by pair-wise correlations among all items in the scale in all combinations of possible pairs.

    Time frame: Day 1

  3. Blepharospasm Screening Questions - Motor (BSQ-M)

    Time frame: Day 1

  4. Blepharospasm Screening Questions - Psych (BSQ-P)

    Concurrent validity for the BSQ-P will be assessed using correlations between the responses to the questionnaire and data from the corresponding scales included in the concurrent validity packet (BDI-II, HADS, LSAS and PHQ-9).

    Time frame: Day 1

  5. Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI)

    Time frame: Day 1

Secondary outcomes

  1. Craniocervical Dystonia Questionnaire (CDQ-24)

    Time frame: Day 1

  2. Eye Symptoms in Blepharospasm

    Time frame: Day 1

  3. Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS)

    Time frame: Day 1

  4. Oromandibular Dystonia Questionnaire (OMDQ-25)

    Time frame: Day 1

  5. Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised Edition (OCI-R)

    Time frame: Day 1

  6. Global Dystonia Rating Scale (GDRS)

    Time frame: Day 1

  7. Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Scale (FM)

    Time frame: Day 1

  8. Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II)

    Concurrent validity for the BSQ-P will be assessed using correlations between the responses to the questionnaire and data from the corresponding scales included in the concurrent validity packet (BDI-II, HADS, LSAS and PHQ-9).

    Time frame: Day 1

  9. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)

    Concurrent validity for the BSQ-P will be assessed using correlations between the responses to the questionnaire and data from the corresponding scales included in the concurrent validity packet (BDI-II, HADS, LSAS and PHQ-9).

    Time frame: Day 1

  10. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

    Concurrent validity for the BSQ-P will be assessed using correlations between the responses to the questionnaire and data from the corresponding scales included in the concurrent validity packet (BDI-II, HADS, LSAS and PHQ-9).

    Time frame: Day 1

  11. Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS)

    Concurrent validity for the BSQ-P will be assessed using correlations between the responses to the questionnaire and data from the corresponding scales included in the concurrent validity packet (BDI-II, HADS, LSAS and PHQ-9).

    Time frame: Day 1

  12. Short Form Health Survey-36 Quality of Life Scale (SF-36)

    Time frame: Day 1

07

Study locations

11 sites
  • University of Colorado Denver
    Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
  • Emory University
    Atlanta, Georgia 30329, United States
  • Rush University
    Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
  • Johns Hopkins University
    Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
  • National Institutes of Health
    Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
  • Washington University in St. Louis
    Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
  • Baylor College of Medicine
    Houston, Texas 77030, United States
  • Toronto Western Hospital
    Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein
    Luebeck, 23562, Germany
  • University of Bari
    Bari, Italy
  • University of Rome
    Rome, Italy
08

References and documents

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 31, 2019, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02780336
Lead sponsor
Emory University
Collaborators
Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation
Responsible party
Hyder A. Jinnah, MD, PhD (Principal Investigator, Emory University) — Principal investigator
First posted
May 23, 2016
Start date
Aug 2016
Primary completion
Mar 20, 2019
Completion
Mar 20, 2019
Last update
May 31, 2019

Study contacts

H. A. Jinnah, MD, PhD
principal investigator · Emory University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in May 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion