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WithdrawnNCT02747810Updated Feb 6, 2018

Pilot Study: Foot Neuromodulation for Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

An interventional study of NewTENS Design in Bedwetting, sponsored by Heidi Stephany. Withdrawn. Open to participants aged 5 Years to 16 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-02-06.

Sponsored by Heidi Stephany · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was withdrawn
We have decided not to test the newly designed TENS device
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
0
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
5 Years to 16 Years
Sex
All
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Study summary

Background: Previous animal model studies at the University of Pittsburgh have shown a significant impact on inhibiting bladder over activity and increasing bladder capacity with neuromodulation techniques, specifically tibial nerve stimulation. This has been translated into adult clinical trials through the department of urology. Through the use of a commercially available subcutaneous nerve stimulator placed on the dorsum of the foot, researchers were able to demonstrate a significant increase in bladder capacity and the delay of voiding sensation for up to 5 hours after stimulation in eight healthy subjects. This prompted the clinical trial approved under IRB PRO13020474 which is currently enrolling patients.

The incidence of night-time overactive bladder leading to nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting) is very common in the pediatric and teenage population, particularly in patients without daytime bladder over activity symptoms. When behavioral modification (i.e. refraining from night-time fluid consumption and bladder irritants, and bed wetting alarms for timed voiding) fails which it often does there is a paucity of effective and safe treatment options. Medications can be tried, but generally these are from the tricyclic antidepressant family and carry significant side effects limiting the use.

Aim: Researchers aim to utilize the same technology currently being studied under IRB PRO14080250. Electrical stimulation will be applied to the foot via skin surface electrodes for a minimum of 1 hour before bed for 2 weeks to 5 normal subjects. Normal Subjects will be asked to complete a questionnaire about any skin irritation or experiences of toe twitching while wearing the newly designed TENS device, during a return visit with Dr. Stephany. The primary outcomes of this study are safety and functionality of the New TENS unit

Read the detailed description

Nocturnal Enuresis is a very common and difficult to treat problem in the pediatric population which can have significant negative impact on a child's quality of life. Apart from medications which can have significant side effects limiting the use, there is a lack of effective and safe treatment options for children with frequent nocturnal enuresis. If foot stimulation prior to bed does indeed improve the frequency of nocturnal enuresis, it may provide a safe and non-invasive therapeutic option.

To achieve the aims Dr. Tai will work closely with Dr. Sun and Dr. Jia to design and develop a small, inexpensive, and easy-to-use stimulator for foot neuromodulation, and test its safety and usability in 5 healthy subjects for a 2-week period. . The straps in the design have three functions: 1) making an electrical connection to electrode, 2) securing the insole and the electronic unit, and 3) facilitating observation and hand access to the top panel for adjusting the stimulation strength.

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Conditions studied

  • Bedwetting

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03

In context

Nocturnal Enuresis

100 studies on the registry are indexed under Nocturnal Enuresis; 21 are open to participants now.

Browse Nocturnal Enuresis studies →

Lead sponsor

Heidi Stephany is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
5 Years to 16 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  1. Children ages 5 to 16 years old without any specific nocturnal enuresisneurological, disorder or urinary tract infection.
  2. Currently having no daytime overactive bladder symptoms, i.e. urinary frequency, urgency, or daytime incontinence

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with nocturnal enuresis and day time symptoms will be excluded from this study.
  2. Children with known neurological disorders which may be contributing to nocturnal enuresis episodes
  3. Children who are not adequately potty trained
  4. Children with significant daytime symptoms of overactive bladder including frequency, urgency, and daytime incontinence
  5. Children who do not tolerate initial stimulation training session in the urology clinic upon enrollment
  6. Children with any implantable medical devices such as a pacemaker will be excluded from the study
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
0 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    New TENS design

    To determine the function and safety of the strap design by evaluating the electrical connection to electrode, 2) the security in the insole and the electronic unit, and 3) facilitating observation and hand access to the top panel for adjusting the stimulation strength. 4) to elicit toe twitching with stimulation of tribal nerve

    Device: NewTENS Design

Interventions

  • DeviceNewTENS Design

    This device functions the same as the FDA approved TENS unit, but provides a small, inexpensive unit that will be easy for a child to use. The stimulation characteristics include a continuous frequency of 5 Hz, pulsewidth 0.2 ms, and intensity 2-4 times the threshold voltage required for inducing toe twitching - or the intensity that the subject feels comfortable with. The subjects will also be instructed how to use the stimulator and where to attach the electrodes on the foot at the beginning of the study. The investigator will provide the stimulator and electrodes. The subjects will be asked to wear socks to prevent the electrodes from detachment and to stop the stimulation during walking or in any non-resting situation. Subjects will be asked to use the stimulator for a MINIMUM of 60 minutes in the evening prior to bedtime at home for two weeks. They will be encouraged to use the stimulator for more time than the minimum as long as they accurately record the total duration.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Questionnaire

    Subjects will be asked to record the intensity at which they see the big toe twitching and where they keep the intensity over the hour of stimulation. They will also record if any issues with the unit or any side effects, such as pain or foot irritation. They will document the time of starting and finishing stimulation.

    Time frame: 2 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Night Time log

    Participants will complete a night time log to determine of the new design works at preventing night time wetting

    Time frame: 2 weeks

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

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References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 6, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02747810
Lead sponsor
Heidi Stephany
Collaborators
CMI's Early-Stage Medical Technology Research and Development 2015 PILOT FUNDING PROGRAM
Responsible party
Heidi Stephany (Assistant Professor, University of Pittsburgh) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Apr 22, 2016
Start date
Mar 2016
Primary completion
Apr 2017
Completion
Apr 2017
Last update
Feb 6, 2018

Study contacts

Heidi A Stephany, MD
principal investigator · University of Pittsburgh

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is withdrawn, as verified in Feb 2018. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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