ClinicalTrials.gg
TerminatedNCT02718131NF107-BMP2Updated Oct 27, 2021Results posted

A Study of INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2) in the Treatment of Tibial Pseudarthrosis in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)

An interventional study of INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2) and Control Group in NF1 and Congenital Pseudarthrosis of Tibia, sponsored by University of Alabama at Birmingham. Terminated at 16 sites in 2 countries. Open to participants aged 2 Years to 18 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-10-27.

Sponsored by University of Alabama at Birmingham · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was terminated
Insufficient enrollment to meet the statistical requirements
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
5
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
2 Years to 18 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The current study proposes adding BMP-2 (INFUSE), an anabolic agent, at the surgical site of TPA (tibial pseudarthrosis) repair in children with NF1, compared to a control group of patients treated surgically without BMP-2. The following Specific Aims will be addressed: 1) to determine if use of an osteogenic agent (BMP-2) at the time of surgical repair of TPA in NF1 patients will result in improved bone healing; 2) to document safety of BMP-2 in a pediatric NF1 population; and 3) to collect, process, and preserve biologic specimens at the time of surgery for future studies.

Read the detailed description

A randomized study will be performed by a multi-center group of the NF Consortium. A total of 54 patients will be randomized for treatment with or without INFUSE Bone Graft at the time of surgical repair. For all patients, a standard surgical procedure will be used, including: resection of pseudarthrosis tissue; placement of a rigid intramedullary rod; and placement of autogenous bone graft from iliac crest. For patients in the BMP group, the INFUSE device containing BMP-2 will in addition be applied intraoperatively to the osteotomy site. Fracture union will be determined by scoring of radiographs (RUST score) for cortical bone fusion and callus formation at the osteotomy site. RUST score at 12 months post-surgery will be the primary outcome measure to determine efficacy. Secondary measures will include determination of time to healing (months); quality of life measures; functional walking measures; and incidence of refracture after surgery. This study, once successfully completed, will determine if use of INFUSE Bone Graft improves healing of tibial pseudarthrosis in NF1 and will document safety issues. Regardless of results, the better performing of the two groups (control or BMP) will be able to serve as a much-needed control arm for future studies of additional targeted therapeutic agents for NF1-related bone disease. An international working group of orthopaedic surgeons and NF specialists has been formed and is committed to successful completion of this trial.

02

Conditions studied

  • NF1
  • Congenital Pseudarthrosis of Tibia

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Tibial Pseudarthrosis
03

In context

Pseudarthrosis

41 studies on the registry are indexed under Pseudarthrosis; 7 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 5 is below the median of 22 across 25 interventional studies indexed under Pseudarthrosis.

Browse Pseudarthrosis studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Alabama at Birmingham is the lead sponsor of 1,421 studies on the registry; 277 are open to participants now.

Of its 164 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 130 (79%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
2 Years to 18 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Diagnosis of NF1 using the NIH Consensus Conference criteria. In addition to tibial pseudarthrosis, one or more of the following diagnostic criteria for NF1 must be present:
  • Six or more cafe'-au-lait spots (≥ 0.5cm prepubertal; ≥ 1.5cm postpubertal)
  • Freckling in the axilla or groin Optic pathway glioma
  • Two or more iris Lisch nodules
  • Two or more neurofibromas or one plexiform neurofibroma
  • A first-degree relative with NF1
  • Patients must have tibial pseudarthrosis that has the potential to cause significant morbidity. Radiographic findings (AP \& lateral leg radiographs) must support the diagnosis of tibial pseudarthrosis with chronic non-union.
  • Age between 2 years and 18 years of age at time of study entry.
  • Performance Level: ≥ 50 percent for patients > 10 years of age and Lansky ≥ 50 percent for patients or ≤ 10 years of age.

Prior Therapy:

  • Patients who have undergone 1 previous surgery for tibial pseudarthrosis repair will be eligible to enter the study if they have refracture.
  • Use of BMP-2 in the prior surgery is permitted, however patients with prior exposure must be screened for antibodies to BMP-2, bovine collagen, and rhBMP-2 neutralizing antibodies.
  • Prior use of BMP-2 is allowed but will be recorded as a possible compounding factor.
  • Patients who have had 2 or more prior surgeries for pseudarthrosis repair are ineligible

Absence of Tumors:

  • Patients must undergo thorough physical examination of the leg undergoing surgery. If physical exam is equivocal for presence of tumors, then a normal MRI of the lower extremity will be required before eligibility is met.
  • If there is evidence of plexiform neurofibroma or nodular neurofibroma of > 3 cm diameter on the ipsilateral leg, then they are ineligible for the study.
  • Organ Function Requirements
  • Adequate bone marrow function defined as:

    • (ANC) > 1500/
    • µl count > 100,000/
    • µl ≥ 10.0 gm/dL

Adequate renal function defined as:

  • maximum serum creatinine of 1.5 mg/dL OR
  • a ≥70ml/min/1.73m2.

Adequate renal function defined as:

  • maximum serum creatinine of 1.5 mg/dL OR
  • a creatinine clearance ≥ 70ml/min/1.73m2.

Adequate liver function defined as:

  • Total \< 1.5 X for age, and (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, ALT) \< 2 X upper limit of normal for age
  • Serum Vitamin D level ≥ 10 ng/ml

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Lack of documentation for a diagnosis of NF1
  • Tibial fracture without evidence of pseudarthrosis or tibial dysplasia
  • Tibial dysplasia/bowing without fracture or pseudarthrosis
  • Plexiform neurofibroma of any size, or nodular neurofibroma of > 3 cm diameter involving the ipsilateral leg, including the hip
  • If presence of plexiform is suspected but not certain on physical exam, MRI of the leg may be indicated to rule this out.
  • History of MPNST (malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor) or any other than asymptomatic and stable optic nerve glioma
  • Optic nerve glioma that has resulted in precocious puberty or visual impairment of any degree
  • Visual impairment from any cause
  • Precocious puberty from any cause
  • Hypertension other than mild essential hypertension controlled with medication
  • disease of any kind
  • Inadequate neurovascular status in the involved limb that may jeopardize healing
  • Active or known prior infection at the pseudarthrosis site
  • Active systemic infection
  • Other injury or condition that prevents ambulation or completion of study assessments
  • Two or more prior surgeries for tibial pseudarthrosis
  • Bilateral tibial dysplasia
  • Selection of a surgical approach that does not include prescribed surgical intervention, which must include removal of pseudarthrosis tissue, placement of an intramedullary rod using the Williams approach, and autogenous bone graft from the iliac crest distributed at the osteotomy site
  • Normal ipsilateral fibula without planned fibular osteotomy at time of surgery
  • Allergy to bone morphogenetic protein
  • Allergy to bovine collagen products
  • Positive antibody titers to BMP-2, bovine collagen, or BMP-2 neutralizing antibodies prior to surgery
  • History of using any of the following medications, regardless of dose, for at least 1 month, within 3 months of enrollment: Anabolic agents, (does not include inhaled glucocorticoids), Growth hormone, Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
  • Need for postoperative medications that could interfere with bone healing of the implant, such as steroids, (but not including low-dose aspirin or routine perioperative anti-inflammatory drugs)
  • Untreated endocrine abnormality, such as hypothyroidism, parathyroid hormone disorder
  • Severe Vitamin D deficiency with serum 25-OH (hydroxy) Vitamin D \< 10 ng/ml (25 nmol/l) Patients with Vitamin D levels \< 10 ng/ml may be treated with Vitamin D and reconsidered for enrollment when levels are sufficient
  • Females who are sexually active without use of effective
  • Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(12)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Karnofsky performance status (KPS)

A 0–100 scale of how well someone can carry out everyday activities. 100 is no complaints and no signs of illness; 70 is able to look after yourself but not to work or keep up normal activity; 50 is needing considerable help and frequent medical care.

Studies often ask for 60 or 70 and above. Your doctor gives the score.

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.

It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.

Platelets

Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.

Hemoglobin (Hb)

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).

Creatinine clearance (CrCl)

How quickly the kidneys clear creatinine, a waste product, from the blood. A study may estimate it from a blood test with age, weight and sex (often by the Cockcroft–Gault formula), or measure it using blood and urine collected over a set time. Given in mL/min; higher is better.

Bilirubin

A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.

Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.

ULN (upper limit of normal)

The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.

“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

Metastases

Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
5 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)

    Children with NF1 and tibial pseudarthrosis who require surgery will have the INFUSE bone graft added to their surgical protocol. After a standard surgical approach of resection of abnormal pseudarthrotic tissue, placement of a rigid intramedullary rod (of the surgeon's choice) and placement of autogenous bone graft from the iliac crest; in addition, the INFUSE bone graft in the form of a collagen sponge will be wrapped around the tibia during the surgical process.

    Device: INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)

  • Placebo comparator
    Control Group

    Children with NF1 and tibial pseudarthrosis who require surgery will receive the standard surgical protocol only. This includes resection of abnormal pseudarthrotic tissue, placement of a rigid intramedullary rod (of the surgeon's choice) and placement of autogenous bone graft from the iliac crest.

    Procedure: Control Group

Interventions

  • DeviceINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)

    The INFUSE bone graft, containing BMP-2 on a collagen sponge, will be wrapped around the tibia during the surgical process.

  • ProcedureControl Group

    The control group will receive the standard surgical protocol, without addition of the INFUSE device.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. RUST Score

    The RUST scale (Radiographic Union Score for Tibial fractures; RUST) was developed in 2010 as a measure of tibial fracture healing and has been validated in the NF1 population. This was used as the primary outcome measure in this trial. The score is based on radiographic evaluation of the bone cortex based on AP (anterior-posterior) and lateral xrays. Four cortices of tibial bone seen in these views are each given a score of 1 to 3, with 1 representing no healing, 2 representing some callus present, and 3 representing healing of the bone cortex. The 4 scores are totaled, to give a total score range of 4 to 12. For the purpose of this study, a total RUST score of 9 to 12, with at least 2 evaluable cortices having a score of 3, is considered to be healed. Scores of 5 to 8 are considered to represent partial healing, and a score of 4 is considered to be no healing.

    Time frame: 12 mos post surgery. The score at 12 mos post surgery will be used to determine success of healing and is the score reported.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Average Time to Healing in Months

    Time to healing is determined by RUST scores calculated at 3 month intervals after surgery. The first time point at which a score of 9 to 12 is achieved on the RUST Scale will be considered the time to complete healing. One time point is reported which is the time point of first healing.

    Time frame: Baseline through 12 months post-surgery.

  2. Refracture Rate

    Numbers of patients with refracture within 1 year after surgery.

    Time frame: 12 months post-surgery

  3. Long-term Refracture

    Numbers of patients with refracture over long-term follow up of up to 10 years.

    Time frame: annually, up to 10 years post-surgery

  4. Ten Meter Timed Walk

    Time (seconds) to perform the Ten Meter Timed Walk. Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Both 6 month and 12 month reported.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

  5. Pain Intensity

    Pain Intensity was measured using the Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) for patients aged 4 years and older. This is a self-report pain scale, where children chose one of 6 faces to indicate their current pain. Scores range from 0 to 10, with 0 representing no pain (happy face) and 10 representing the most pain.

    Time frame: measured at post-op visits at 6 weeks, 3 mos, 6 mos, and 12 mos after surgery

  6. Quality of Life Score - The Upper Extremity and Physical Function Core Scale

    Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

  7. Quality of Life Score - The Transfer and Basic Mobility Core Scale

    Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

  8. Quality of Life Score - The Sports and Physical Functioning Core Scale

    Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

  9. Quality of Life Score - The Pain/Comfort Core Scale

    Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

  10. Quality of Life Score - The Happiness Core Scale

    Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

  11. Quality of Life Score - The Global Functioning Scale

    Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

    Time frame: Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.

07

Results

Posted Oct 27, 2021
Limitations and caveats
In June 2019 at the recommendation of the study protocol chairs, the study was closed for enrollment with plans to terminate the study after the last patient completed study procedures. Therefore limited data is available for analysis.

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Started50
Completed 12 months20
Completed20
Not completed30
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject10
Withdrew: Adverse event10
Withdrew: Data was incomplete. patient was inevaluable10

Outcome measures

PrimaryRUST Score

The RUST scale (Radiographic Union Score for Tibial fractures; RUST) was developed in 2010 as a measure of tibial fracture healing and has been validated in the NF1 population. This was used as the primary outcome measure in this trial. The score is based on radiographic evaluation of the bone cortex based on AP (anterior-posterior) and lateral xrays. Four cortices of tibial bone seen in these views are each given a score of 1 to 3, with 1 representing no healing, 2 representing some callus present, and 3 representing healing of the bone cortex. The 4 scores are totaled, to give a total score range of 4 to 12. For the purpose of this study, a total RUST score of 9 to 12, with at least 2 evaluable cortices having a score of 3, is considered to be healed. Scores of 5 to 8 are considered to represent partial healing, and a score of 4 is considered to be no healing.

Time frame:
12 mos post surgery. The score at 12 mos post surgery will be used to determine success of healing and is the score reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
RUST Score
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
RUST Score12 (12 to 12)—
SecondaryAverage Time to Healing in Months

Time to healing is determined by RUST scores calculated at 3 month intervals after surgery. The first time point at which a score of 9 to 12 is achieved on the RUST Scale will be considered the time to complete healing. One time point is reported which is the time point of first healing.

Time frame:
Baseline through 12 months post-surgery.
Reported as:
Median · months
Average Time to Healing in Months
monthsINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Average Time to Healing in Months4.5 (3 to 6)—
SecondaryRefracture Rate

Numbers of patients with refracture within 1 year after surgery.

Time frame:
12 months post-surgery
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Refracture Rate
ParticipantsINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Refracture Rate00
SecondaryLong-term Refracture

Numbers of patients with refracture over long-term follow up of up to 10 years.

Time frame:
annually, up to 10 years post-surgery
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Long-term Refracture
ParticipantsINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Long-term Refracture00
SecondaryTen Meter Timed Walk

Time (seconds) to perform the Ten Meter Timed Walk. Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Both 6 month and 12 month reported.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · seconds
Ten Meter Timed Walk
secondsINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
6 month measure20.2 (7 to 33.3)—
12 month measure11.3 (11.3 to 11.3)—
SecondaryPain Intensity

Pain Intensity was measured using the Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) for patients aged 4 years and older. This is a self-report pain scale, where children chose one of 6 faces to indicate their current pain. Scores range from 0 to 10, with 0 representing no pain (happy face) and 10 representing the most pain.

Time frame:
measured at post-op visits at 6 weeks, 3 mos, 6 mos, and 12 mos after surgery

No measurements were reported for this outcome.

SecondaryQuality of Life Score - The Upper Extremity and Physical Function Core Scale

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Quality of Life Score - The Upper Extremity and Physical Function Core Scale
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Quality of Life Score - The Upper Extremity and Physical Function Core Scale76 (40 to 100)—
SecondaryQuality of Life Score - The Transfer and Basic Mobility Core Scale

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Quality of Life Score - The Transfer and Basic Mobility Core Scale
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Quality of Life Score - The Transfer and Basic Mobility Core Scale61 (43 to 85)—
SecondaryQuality of Life Score - The Sports and Physical Functioning Core Scale

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Quality of Life Score - The Sports and Physical Functioning Core Scale
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Quality of Life Score - The Sports and Physical Functioning Core Scale65 (11 to 81)—
SecondaryQuality of Life Score - The Pain/Comfort Core Scale

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Quality of Life Score - The Pain/Comfort Core Scale
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Quality of Life Score - The Pain/Comfort Core Scale75 (22 to 100)—
SecondaryQuality of Life Score - The Happiness Core Scale

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Quality of Life Score - The Happiness Core Scale
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Quality of Life Score - The Happiness Core Scale90 (80 to 100)—
SecondaryQuality of Life Score - The Global Functioning Scale

Quality of Life (QOL) was measured during the study using the Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), a validated scale developed by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons to measure outcomes in orthopedic interventions. The Parent-report form, which was used for this study, consists of 86 Likert-format questions, covering 5 domains (Upper extremity and physical function; transfer and basic mobility; sports/physical functioning; pain/comfort; and happiness scales). In addition, a Global Functioning Scale is computed. Scores for each subscale range from 0 to 100, with lower scores representing better quality of life.

Time frame:
Assessed at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Month 12 reported.
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Quality of Life Score - The Global Functioning Scale
score on a scaleINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Quality of Life Score - The Global Functioning Scale65 (44 to 91)—

Adverse events

Collected over 1 year after surgery. Non-serious events are listed at a 3% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)0/5 (0%)1/5 (20%)2/5 (40%)
Control Group———
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
Surgical and Medical procedure - revision of Rush rodSurgical and medical procedures1/5—
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventINFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control Group
New fracture tibiaMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/5—
Femur fractureInjury, poisoning and procedural complications1/5—

Baseline characteristics

Randomization resulted in 0 participants for the Control Group

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control GroupTotal
<=18 years505
Between 18 and 65 years000
>=65 years000
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control GroupTotal
Mean3.4 ± 3.1—3.4 ± 3.1
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control GroupTotal
Female101
Male404
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control GroupTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native0—0
Asian1—1
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0—0
Black or African American2—2
White1—1
More than one race0—0
Unknown or Not Reported1—1
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control GroupTotal
United States4—4
RUST score
RUST score(scores on a scale)INFUSE Bone Graft (BMP-2)Control GroupTotal
Median11 (10 to 12)—11 (10 to 12)
08

Study locations

16 sites
  • The University of Alabama at Birmingham
    Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
  • Children's Hospital Los Angeles
    Los Angeles, California 90027, United States
  • Children's National Medical Center
    Washington, District of Columbia 20010, United States
  • Children's Lurie Hospital
    Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
  • University of Chicago
    Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
  • Indiana Unversity
    Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
  • Johns Hopkins
    Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
  • Children' Hospital Boston and Massachusetts General Hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
  • Children' Hospital Boston
    Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
  • Washington University in St. Louis
    Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
  • New York University Medical Center
    New York, New York 10016, United States
  • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
    Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19096, United States
  • Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children
    Dallas, Texas 75235, United States
  • University of Utah
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, United States
  • The Children's Hospital at Westmead
    Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
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References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 27, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02718131
Collaborators
The Children's Tumor Foundation, Medtronic
Responsible party
Bruce Korf, MD (Principal Investigator, University of Alabama at Birmingham) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 24, 2016
Start date
Mar 1, 2016
Primary completion
Jun 1, 2020
Completion
Jun 1, 2020
Results posted
Oct 27, 2021
Last update
Oct 27, 2021

Study contacts

Bruce R. Korf, MD, PhD
study chair · Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is terminated, as verified in Sep 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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