ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT02703220Updated Aug 21, 2026

Sleep Apnea in Elderly

A Phase 4 interventional study of Hyperoxia/oxygen and Acetazolamide in Sleep Apnea and Elderly Adults, sponsored by VA Office of Research and Development. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 60 Years to 89 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-21.

Sponsored by VA Office of Research and Development · Phase 4, Interventional, and Other

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jul 2015, registered Jan 2016).
  • Started Jul 2015; still recruiting 11 years 4 months later.
Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
100
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
60 Years to 89 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB or sleep apnea) is very common among elderly Veterans and leads to increased morbidity and mortality in this population. The proposal aims to identity whether oxygen, finasteride and acetazolamide can be effective in reducing unstable breathing and eliminating sleep apnea in the elderly via different mechanisms. This proposal will enhance the investigators' understanding of the pathways that contribute to the development of sleep apnea in the elderly. The investigators expect that the results obtained from this study will positively impact the health of Veterans by identifying new treatment modalities for sleep apnea. A cumulative effect of the investigators' research will fulfill the long-term goal of improving the quality of life of elderly Veterans suffering from sleep apnea and its potential life-threatening complications.

Read the detailed description

Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) has a high prevalence and is associated with adverse cardiovascular consequences in elderly Veterans. Positive airway pressure therapy is deemed cumbersome and often associated with non-adherence to therapy. This proposal will investigate whether alternative therapies can be developed by modulating specific physiologic mechanisms of ventilatory control. Specifically, the investigators will study whether interventions with sustained hyperoxia (Aim 1), finasteride (Aim 2) and acetazolamide (Aim 3) will reduce breathing instability during sleep by reducing chemoresponsiveness and/or increasing cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in order to alleviate sleep disordered breathing in the elderly with sleep apnea. The proposed aims will also allow us to delineate key mechanisms of breathing instability in the elderly. The investigators envision that the results obtained from this project will ultimately allow us to develop novel alternative therapies for sleep apnea in the elderly. The investigators will also compare CVR in young vs older adults

02

Conditions studied

  • Sleep Apnea
  • Elderly Adults

Keywords

  • sleep apnea
  • chemoresponsiveness
  • cerebrovascular response
  • hyperoxia
  • acetazolamide
  • finasteride
  • apneic threshold
  • carbon-dioxide reserve
03

In context

Sleep Apnea Syndromes

1,084 studies on the registry are indexed under Sleep Apnea Syndromes; 171 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 100 is above the median of 60 across 673 interventional studies indexed under Sleep Apnea Syndromes.

Browse Sleep Apnea Syndromes studies →

Lead sponsor

VA Office of Research and Development is the lead sponsor of 1,771 studies on the registry; 392 are open to participants now.

Of its 213 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 185 (87%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
60 Years to 89 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults with mild to moderate sleep apnea with Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)>/=5 to 20/hour with central, obstructive, mixed apneas and hypopneas
  • For the finasteride protocol elderly men with above criteria will be enrolled

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with severe sleep apnea (Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)>20/hour)
  • Patients with history of prostate cancer
  • Males with hypogonadism
  • History of cardiac disease, including myocardial infarction
  • Bypass surgery
  • Atrial and ventricular tachy-bradycardias
  • Systolic congestive heart failure and Cheyne-Stokes respiration
  • Current unstable angina
  • Stroke
  • Schizophrenia
  • Untreated hypothyroidism
  • Seizure disorder
  • Preexisting renal failure and liver disorders
  • Failure to give .
  • Patients with significant pulmonary diseases by history and abnormal pulmonary function testing, including moderate obstructive/restrictive lung/chest wall disorders with resting oxygen saturation of \<96% or on supplemental oxygen
  • Patients on certain medications including:

    • study drugs
    • sympathomimetics/parasympathomimetics or their respective blockers
    • narcotics
    • antidepressants
    • anti-psychotic agents
    • other central nervous system (CNS) altering medications
    • current alcohol, tobacco or recreational drug use
  • Patients with (BMI)>34 kilograms per square meter (kg/m2) will be excluded to avoid the effects of morbid obesity on pulmonary mechanics and ventilatory control
  • Elderly with unstable gait or mobility issues that may preclude safe participation
  • Individuals with allergy to finasteride or acetazolamide will be excluded from the specific protocol
  • Pregnant women
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
100 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Hyperoxia

    Determine the effect of sustained hyperoxia overnight vs room air overnight on ventilatory control during sleep, including the apneic threshold, carbon-dioxide reserve and chemosensitivity measured via pressure support ventilation (PSV) during (non-rapid eye movement sleep) NREM sleep.

    Other: Hyperoxia/oxygen

  • Experimental
    Acetazolamide (ACZ)

    Determine the effect of acetazolamide on cerebrovascular responsiveness to CO2 during wake and sleep. Participants will receive oral ACZ therapy for 7 days prior to the experimental night, on the night of the study and the subsequent night when polysomnography (PSG) will be performed.

    Drug: Acetazolamide

  • Experimental
    Finasteride

    Determine the effect of oral finasteride therapy vs placebo for 1 month on SDB and the AT and chemosensitivity during NREM sleep.

    Drug: Finasteride

Interventions

  • OtherHyperoxia/oxygen

    The ventilatory effects of brief hyperoxia will be assessed by analyzing control breaths on room air immediately preceding the hyperoxic exposure, and comparing with the primary end-point, nadir minute ventilation breath, immediately following the brief hyperoxic exposure

  • Participants with sleep apnea will ingest capsules containing either placebo or acetazolamide 500 mg twice a day for 5 days. On the final 2 consecutive nights while still on ACZ, the investigators will perform i) physiology tests and ii) in-lab follow-up PSG.

  • Elderly males with sleep apnea and adequate testosterone levels will ingest placebo vs finasteride, at 5 mg a day for 1 month (mo). After 1 mo, while still on the drug, on the final 2 consecutive nights, the investigators will perform i) physiology tests and ii) in-lab follow-up PSG. Blood tests will be performed to check sex hormone levels. A washout period of 1 month prior to cross-over to the alternate arm (placebo).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Apneic threshold- a measure of breathing instability

    Measures of breathing instability including: Apneic threshold: this is the end-tidal Co2 at which a central apnea closes to a hypopnea is produced.

    Time frame: 2 days to 30 days

  2. Cerebrovascular responsiveness to carbon-dioxide

    Cerebrovascular response to different levels of CO2: this is a measure of the response of the cerebral blood flow to changes in carbon dioxide levels and is used as a measure of ventilatory control of breathing

    Time frame: 7 days

  3. Ventilatory responsiveness

    Hypocapnic ventilatory response; this is calculated as the change in minute ventilation for corresponding changes in PETCO2 (partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide).

    Time frame: 2 days to 30 days

  4. Carbon -dioxide reserve

    This is a derived measure. This is calculated as the difference between the apneic threshold PETCO2 (given above) and the control PETCO2 (partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide).

    Time frame: 2 days to 30 days

Secondary outcomes

  1. Apnea hypopnea index

    Apnea hypopnea index- is a measure of severity of sleep apnea - this is calculated as the total number of apneas and hypopneas recorded during a sleep study divided by the total sleep time during the sleep study.

    Time frame: 2 days to 30 days

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI
    Detroit, Michigan 48201-1916, United States
    Recruiting
    • Lynn M Huber · Contactlynn.huber@va.gov · (313) 576-3106
    • Susmita Chowdhuri, MD MS · Principal investigator
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Rastogi R, Badr MS, Ahmed A, Chowdhuri S. Amelioration of sleep-disordered breathing with supplemental oxygen in older adults. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2020 Dec 1;129(6):1441-1450. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00253.2020. Epub 2020 Sep 24. PubMed 32969781 ↗
  • Rastogi R, Morgan BJ, Badr MS, Chowdhuri S. Hypercapnia-induced vasodilation in the cerebral circulation is reduced in older adults with sleep-disordered breathing. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2022 Jan 1;132(1):14-23. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00347.2021. Epub 2021 Oct 28. PubMed 34709067 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jul 2015 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jul 2027, 144 months after the start.

Of 25 phase 4 interventional studies under Sleep Apnea Syndromes, half reached primary completion within 34 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 18 and three quarters within 72. This study's planned 144 months is above that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 29, 2016
First posted
Mar 9, 2016
StartActual
Jul 3, 2015
Primary completionEst.
Jul 30, 2027
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2027
Last update
Aug 21, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 21, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02703220
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 9, 2016
Start date
Jul 3, 2015
Primary completion
Jul 30, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 21, 2026

Study contacts

Ruchi Rastogi, MS
Contact
ruchi.rastogi@va.gov
(313) 576-4464
Susmita Chowdhuri, MD MS
principal investigator · John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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Studies of the drugs tested here: Acetazolamide · Finasteride

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