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RecruitingNCT026600213D-VIRTOGUpdated Jan 19, 2021

Prospective Registry of 3-dimensional Virtual Treatment Planning of Orthognathic Surgery

An observational study in Jaw Abnormalities, sponsored by AZ Sint-Jan AV. Recruiting at 1 site in Belgium. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-01-19.

Sponsored by AZ Sint-Jan AV · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Dec 2025, 10 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,000
Sex
All
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Study summary

Orthognathic surgery or corrective jaw surgery is indicated for conditions of the jaw and face that are related to structure or growth malfunctioning, orthodontic problems, or co-morbidities associated with skeletal disfigurement.

Imaging is crucial in the assessment and treatment planning of orthognathic surgery patients. Until recently, two-dimensional (2D) imaging, through cephalometry, was standard practice. However, it showed several limitations. The introduction of the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) enabling three-dimensional (3D) imaging has caused a paradigm shift. Though widespread implementation in routine practice is not yet present. Our department is one of the pioneers in the world of 3D virtual treatment planning for orthognathic surgery. The "triple CBCT scan procedure" has been developed in-house and implemented already in 2009.

The investigators aim to develop a prospective database registering 3D treatment planning data of all consecutive patients eligible for orthognathic surgery, performed by Prof. Swennen. Patient demographics, detailed virtual 3D treatment planning parameters and orthognathic surgery data are being collected during consecutive visits within the framework of routine practice.

Development of a database registering 3D virtual treatment planning data of orthognathic surgery, will provide more information about potential patient, virtual planning and surgical factors influencing postoperative accuracy of jaw correction, long-term stability of the jawbone, long-term condylar resorption, or soft tissue response. In general, it could provide answers on research questions that have been examined in prior studies on 2D-imaging, but can now be re-examined in case of 3D-imaging. Moreover, registration of those results could function as a measurement of quality of care, or could be used for sample size calculation for future large multicenter prospective trials.

02

Conditions studied

  • Jaw Abnormalities

Keywords

  • three-dimensional virtual treatment planning
  • orthognathic surgery
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In context

Lead sponsor

AZ Sint-Jan AV is the lead sponsor of 58 studies on the registry; 14 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

All consenting patients, eligible for orthognathic surgery, performed at the General Hospital Saint-John Bruges, from July 1st 2010 onwards.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients of all ages
  • Both female and male patients
  • Patients should present themselves at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the General Hospital Saint-John Bruges for orthognathic surgical treatment
  • Patients receive standardized cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image acquisition (i-CAT, Imaging sciences international, inc, Hatfield, USA) according to the "triple" CBCT scan protocol
  • Patients' orthognathic surgery should be prepared by a standardized setup of an augmented 3D virtual patient model in centric relation, with detailed occlusal and intercuspidation data using the "triple" voxel-based rigid registration protocol (Maxilim v2.2.2., Nobel Biocare c/o Medicim nv, Mechelen, Belgium)
  • Patients' surgery should be prepared preoperatively through 3D virtual planning steps performed with the same software, by the same surgeon (GS)
  • Patients should be operated by the same surgeon (GS)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • All patients that do not fit in the abovementioned description
  • Patients with posttraumatic deformity
  • Patients with congenital deformity
  • Patients with preprosthetic indication
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Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,000 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
12 Months
Patient registry
Yes
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Accuracy of hard tissue, soft tissue and teeth transfer after 3D planning, as measured with CBCT

    Time frame: within 12 months postoperative

Secondary outcomes

  1. Prevalence of patients with an indication for orthognathic surgery

    Time frame: 6 years

  2. Accuracy of bone transfer, as measured through superimposition of 3D planning CBCT and postoperative CBCT

    Time frame: 4 weeks postoperative

  3. Long-term stability, through clinical evaluation and superimposition of 3D planning CBCT and postoperative CBCT

    Time frame: 6 months postoperative

  4. number of patients with condylar resorption

    Time frame: until 12 months postoperative

  5. number of patients with temporomandibular joint complications

    Time frame: until 12 months postoperative

Other outcomes

  1. sample size calculation for future large prospective trials, based on pilot data

    Time frame: 6 years

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Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • General Hospital Saint-John Bruges
    Bruges, Belgium
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 19, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02660021
Lead sponsor
AZ Sint-Jan AV
Responsible party
Gwen Swennen (maxillofacial surgeon, MD, LDS, DMD, PhD, FEBOMFS, AZ Sint-Jan AV) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 21, 2016
Start date
Jul 2010
Primary completion
Dec 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 19, 2021

Study contacts

Araceli Diez-Fraile, VMD PhD
Contact
araceli.diez-fraile@azsintjan.be
Gwen Swennen, MD, LDS, DMD, PhD, FEBOMFS
principal investigator · Maxillofacial Surgeon

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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