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CompletedNCT02043223Updated Sep 21, 2016

Stopping Postpartum Vitamin A Supplementation: Missing Concealed Benefit

A Phase 2/3 interventional study of Vitamin A (<3-day postpartum) and Vitamin A (6 wk postpartum) in Vitamin A Deficiency, sponsored by International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Completed at 1 site in Bangladesh. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 32 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2016-09-21.

Sponsored by International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh · Phase 2/3, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Phase 2/3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
160
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 32 Years
Sex
Female
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 10 studies testing Vitamin A in Vitamin A Deficiency — 2 open to participants now, 2 under way, none of them phase 3. Vitamin A · Vitamin A Deficiency.

Enrollment
9th of 10
160 · median 350
Started
2013
the only one that year
Phase 2/3
2 of 10
none open now
Registered
6th of 10
by date
Lead sponsor
1 of 10
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

Among the 10 studies testing Vitamin A in Vitamin A Deficiency, this one is the 9th largest by enrollment, is the only one that started in 2013, is one of 2 in phase 2/3, and was the 6th registered.

Vitamin A Deficiency

67 studies on the registry are indexed under Vitamin A Deficiency; 7 are open to participants now.

Browse Vitamin A Deficiency studies →

Open to participants now

2 of the 10 studies testing Vitamin A in Vitamin A Deficiency are open now, in 2 countries. Recruiting first, the newest first:

By country, each count listing its studies:

All 2 open studies →

About Vitamin A

Vitamin A: first FDA approval 1953 (M.V.I.-12 ADULT). What it is approved for, and how studies give it, is on its page →

Who these studies take

Of the 6 Vitamin A Deficiency studies recruiting now, 3 set no upper age limit and 3 stop at 75 or younger; 2 take children under 18; 2 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 32 Years · female · healthy volunteers too.

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02

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of post-partum maternal vitamin A supplementation on breast milk bioactive compounds and immune status, growth and morbidity of children in the first four months of life.

Read the detailed description

The effect will be assessed by the milk and blood.

03

Conditions studied

  • Vitamin A Deficiency

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Keywords

  • Vitamin A
  • Breast milk
  • Postpartum vitamin A supplementation
  • Infant vaccine response
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 32 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Pregnant women >-18 years of age with low-risk obstetric

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant women expecting a multiple birth
  • Take vitamin A supplements during postpartum apart from study intervention
  • Premature birth
  • Newborn babies with birth defects and / or other serious diseases
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2 / Phase 3
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
160 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Early postpartum vitamin A suppl.

    Single dose 200,000 IU vitamin A supplementation at \<3-day and placebo supplementation at 6-wk postpartum.

    Dietary Supplement: Vitamin A (<3-day postpartum)

  • Experimental
    Late postpartum vitamin A suppl.

    Placebo supplementation at \<3-day and single dose 200,000 IU vitamin A supplementation at 6-wk postpartum.

    Dietary Supplement: Vitamin A (6 wk postpartum)

  • Experimental
    Early & late postpartum vitamin A suppl

    200,000 IU vitamin A supplementation, both at \<3-day and 6-wk postpartum

    Dietary Supplement: Vitamin A (<3-day and 6 wk postpartum)

  • Experimental
    No postpartum vitamin A suppl.

    Placebo supplementation, both at \<3-day and 6-wk postpartum.

    Dietary Supplement: Placebo

Interventions

  • Single dose 200,000 IU vitamin A supplementation at \<3-day and placebo supplementation at 6-wk postpartum.

  • Dietary supplementVitamin A (6 wk postpartum)

    Placebo supplementation at \<3-day and single dose 200,000 IU vitamin A supplementation at 6-wk postpartum.

  • Dietary supplementVitamin A (<3-day and 6 wk postpartum)

    Drug page: Vitamin A

    200,000 IU vitamin A supplementation, both at \<3-day and 6-wk postpartum

  • Dietary supplementPlacebo

    Placebo supplementation, both at \<3-day and 6-wk postpartum.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Breast milk immune regulators

    immune regulators in breast milk e.g. B-cell activating factor (BAFF); IL-7; Lactoferrin; sCD14, sIgA and TGF-beta levels at three time points- 1. \< 3-day postpartum (before 1st dose of supplementation) 2. 7 wk postpartum (1wk after 2nd dose of supplementation) 3. 15 wk postpartum

    Time frame: Four months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Infant T helper cell immune responses

    Mitogen stimulated whole blood IL-10, IL-13, IFN-gamma, IL-21 and IL-17 responses at two time points- 1. 7 wk of age (1wk after 2nd dose of maternal supplementation , as well as, 1wk after first doses of pentavalent vaccination) 2. 15 wk of age (1wk after three doses of pentavalent vaccination)

    Time frame: Four months

  2. Infant innate immune responses

    Tall like receptor (TLR)-4 and TLR9 agonist stimulated whole blood TNF-alpha and IL-10 and IFN-alpha responses at two time points- 1. 7 wk of age (1wk after 2nd dose of maternal supplementation , as well as, 1wk after first doses of pentavalent vaccination) 2. 15 wk of age (1wk after three doses of pentavalent vaccination)

    Time frame: Four months

  3. Infant vaccines (Hepatitis B, Tetanus and Oral polio) specific antibody responses

    Hepatitis B and Tetanus Toxoid specific plasma cell IgG responses at 15 wk of age (1wk after three doses of pentavalent vaccination) And Hepatitis B and Tetanus Toxoid specific IgG in plasma and Polio (3 serotypes) specific secretory IgA (sIgA) in stool at two time points- 1. 7 wk of age (1wk after 2nd dose of maternal supplementation , as well as, 1wk after first doses of pentavalent vaccination) 2. 15 wk of age (1wk after three doses of pentavalent vaccination)

    Time frame: Four months

  4. Relative abundance of infant gut microbial community and gut inflammatory markers

    Next generation sequencing (NGS) of bacterial 16s rDNA (+qPCR) in extracted stool samples and assessment of infant gut inflammatory markers e.g. human β-defensin-2 (HBD2); Neopterin; α-1-antitrypsin (AAT); neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)-2 and S100A at two time points- 1. 7 wk of age (1wk after 2nd dose of maternal supplementation , as well as, 1wk after first doses of pentavalent vaccination) 2. 15 wk of age (1wk after three doses of pentavalent vaccination)

    Time frame: Four months

Other outcomes

  1. Infant vitamin A status

    Infant plasma vitamin A status at 7 wk and 15 wk of age

    Time frame: Four months

  2. Infant growth

    Infant Weight-for-Age z-score (WAZ) at 7 wk and 15 wk of age

    Time frame: Four months

  3. Infant morbidity

    Infant morbidity status up to four months of age

    Time frame: Four months

  4. Mother vitamin A status

    Plasma Retinol Binding Protein (RBP) and breast milk vitamin A level at two time points- 1. \< 3-day postpartum (before 1st dose of supplementation) 2. 15 wk postpartum

    Time frame: Four months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh
    Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Ahmad SM, Hossain MI, Bergman P, Kabir Y, Raqib R. The effect of postpartum vitamin A supplementation on breast milk immune regulators and infant immune functions: study protocol of a randomized, controlled trial. Trials. 2015 Mar 31;16:129. doi: 10.1186/s13063-015-0654-9. PubMed 25872802 ↗
09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
Not marked actual or estimatedDates not marked actual or estimated

The record gives a start of Oct 2013 and a primary completion of Jul 2016. It does not say whether these dates are actual or estimated.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 5, 2013
First posted
Jan 23, 2014
Start
Oct 2013
Primary completionActual
Jul 2016
Last update
Sep 21, 2016
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 21, 2016, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02043223
Collaborators
Peter Bergman, MD, PhD, Karolinska University Hospital
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 23, 2014
Start date
Oct 2013
Primary completion
Jul 2016
Last update
Sep 21, 2016

Study contacts

Shaikh M Ahmad, Ph.D
principal investigator · International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2016. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drug tested here: Vitamin A

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