A Phase 2 interventional study of dexamethasone and vincristine sulfate in Recurrent B-Cell Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Recurrent Childhood B-Lymphoblastic Lymphoma, sponsored by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Completed at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged Up to 21 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-09-28.
Sponsored by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment
The overall objective of this protocol is to improve the cure rate of relapsed precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma.
This phase II trial is studying risk-directed therapy for B-lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma in first relapse. Standard risk (SR) and high risk (HR) participants will receive different therapy. Treatment will consist of chemotherapy for SR participants, and chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for HR in first relapse. Induction therapy consists of three blocks of chemotherapy. The first block is a novel immunotherapy regimen that includes chemotherapy, rituximab and infusion of haploidentical natural killer (NK) cells. SR participants will continue to receive chemotherapy for a total duration of approximately 2 years. HR participants will be candidates for HSCT and will proceed to transplant once a suitable donor is found and their minimal residual disease (MRD) is negative.
Primary objective
Secondary objectives
STUDY DESCRIPTION:
The general treatment plan will consist of chemotherapy for standard-risk participants and chemotherapy followed by HSCT for high risk participants in first relapse of B-precursor ALL or lymphoblastic lymphoma. Remission induction for all participants consists of three blocks of therapy, wherein the first block is a novel immunotherapy regimen that includes cytotoxic chemotherapy, rituximab and infusion of haploidentical natural killer (NK) cells. Standard-risk patients will continue to receive chemotherapy for a total duration of approximately 2 years. High-risk patients will be candidates for HSCT and will proceed to transplant once a suitable donor is found and the patient achieves negative MRD.
Participants will be assigned to the standard arm if they experience late relapse (> or = 6 months after completion of frontline therapy) AND maximum residual disease (MRD) is \<0.01% at the end of Block II of remission induction therapy. Provisional standard risk participants (i.e., late relapse) will be re-assigned to high risk if MRD is > or = 0.01% at the end of Block II. Participants with lymphoma must be in complete remission at the end of Block III.
High risk participants will meet one of the following criteria:
Natural killer (NK) cell collection: Donors who meet eligibility criteria will undergo apheresis once. The cells obtained will be purified for CD56+ cells utilizing the CliniMACS selection system. The NK cell product will undergo quality control testing following standard operating procedures of the St. Jude Human Applications Laboratory.
OUTLINE (STANDARD RISK):
REMISSION INDUCTION:
BLOCK I: Patients receive dexamethasone orally (PO) or intravenously (IV) thrice daily (TID) on days 1-8 and 21-28; vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 21, 28, and 35; rituximab IV on days 4, 13, 20, and 27; clofarabine, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide IV on days 6-10; aldesleukin subcutaneously (SC) once every other day (QOD) on days 11-19; and pegaspargase IV on days 21 and 35. Patients also undergo natural killer (NK) cell infusion on day 12. Patients may receive triple intrathecal therapy comprising methotrexate, therapeutic hydrocortisone, and cytarabine on days 1, 5, 8, 11, 21, and 28. Patients continue on to Block II after count recovery.
BLOCK II: Patients receive methotrexate IV over 24 hours on days 1 and 8 and mercaptopurine PO on days 1-21. Patients also receive triple intrathecal therapy on day 1. High-risk patients with negative MRD continue on to transplantation. All patients with positive MRD continue on to Block III after count recovery.
BLOCK III: Patients receive cytarabine IV over 2 hours twice daily (BID) on days 1-4 and mitoxantrone hydrochloride IV over 1 hour on days 3-5. Patients also receive triple intrathecal therapy on day 7.
INTERIM CONTINUATION (for patients unable to tolerate dose intensive chemotherapy): Patients receive etoposide and cyclophosphamide IV on day 1, methotrexate IV on day 8, mercaptopurine PO on days 8-14, teniposide and cytarabine IV on day 15, dexamethasone PO TID on days 22-26, and vinblastine IV on day 22.
RE-INDUCTION THERAPY: Patients receive clofarabine, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide IV on days 1-5; dexamethasone PO on days 1-6; and pegaspargase on days 6 and 20 and vincristine sulfate IV on days 6, 13, and 20. Patients may also receive triple intrathecal therapy on days 1 and 15. Patients continue on to continuation treatment after count recovery.
CONTINUATION TREATMENT: Patients receive methotrexate IV over 2 hours on day 1 and mercaptopurine PO on days 1-7 of weeks 1, 2, 5, and 6; teniposide and cytarabine IV on day 1 of weeks 3 and 7; vincristine sulfate IV on day 1 of week 4; dexamethasone PO TID on days 1-5 of weeks 4 and 8; and vinblastine IV on day 1 of week 8. Treatment repeats every 8 weeks for up to 10 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may also receive triple intrathecal therapy on day 1 of week 1 of all courses and day 1 of week 5, courses 1-5.
Due to the unavailability of the drug Teniposide (VM-26), etoposide (VP-16) will be substituted for the remaining doses for patients currently on this study. The protocol Section 5.1.3 allows this substitution.
OUTLINE: GROUP 2 (high risk defined as participants not meeting the standard risk criteria noted above):
Patients receive Remission Induction (Blocks I, II, and III) treatment as described above for Group 1. Patients then undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as soon as they have negative MRD. Patients with negative MRD may continue chemotherapy until a suitable donor is found.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 4 months for 1 year, every 6 months for 1 year, and then yearly for up to 10 years.
5,578 studies on the registry are indexed under Lymphoma; 825 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 80 is above the median of 40 across 4,508 interventional studies indexed under Lymphoma.
Browse Lymphoma studies →St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is the lead sponsor of 434 studies on the registry; 99 are open to participants now.
Of its 60 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 35 (58%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
INCLUSION CRITERIA:
Participants with leukemia must meet one of the following:
Participant with lymphoma must meet one of the following:
Refractory to one or two courses of frontline induction therapy with measurable disease
Prior therapy:
Organ function requirements
Renal: Glomerular filtration rate >50cc/min/1.73 m\^2, OR maximum serum creatinine (SC) based on age as follows:
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR NK CELL DONORS:
Interventions: dexamethasone, vincristine sulfate, rituximab, clofarabine, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, aldesleukin, pegaspargase, methotrexate, mercaptopurine, cytarabine, mitoxantrone, teniposide, vinblastine, natural killer cell infusion, laboratory biomarker analysis, therapeutic hydrocortisone Cells for infusion are prepared using the CliniMACS System.
Drug: dexamethasone · Drug: vincristine sulfate · Biological: rituximab · Drug: clofarabine · Drug: cyclophosphamide · Drug: etoposide · Biological: aldesleukin · Drug: pegaspargase · Drug: methotrexate · Drug: mercaptopurine · Drug: cytarabine · Drug: mitoxantrone · Drug: teniposide · Drug: vinblastine · Biological: natural killer cell infusion · Other: laboratory biomarker analysis · Drug: therapeutic hydrocortisone · Device: CliniMACS
Interventions: dexamethasone, vincristine, rituximab, clofarabine, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, aldesleukin, pegaspargase, methotrexate, mercaptopurine, cytarabine, mitoxantrone, natural killer cell infusion, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, laboratory biomarker analysis, therapeutic hydrocortisone Cells for infusion are prepared using the CliniMACS System.
Drug: dexamethasone · Drug: vincristine sulfate · Biological: rituximab · Drug: clofarabine · Drug: cyclophosphamide · Drug: etoposide · Biological: aldesleukin · Drug: pegaspargase · Drug: methotrexate · Drug: mercaptopurine · Drug: cytarabine · Drug: mitoxantrone · Biological: natural killer cell infusion · Other: laboratory biomarker analysis · Drug: therapeutic hydrocortisone · Procedure: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation · Device: CliniMACS
given intravenously or orally
Also known as: Decadron(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: Oncovin(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: Rituxan(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: Clolar(TM), clofarex
given intravenously
Also known as: Cytoxan(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: VP-16, Vepesid(R)
given subcutaneously
Also known as: IL-2, interleukin-2, Proleukin (R)
given intravenously
Also known as: PEG-ASP, Peg-L-asparaginase, PEG-asparaginase, Oncaspar(R)
given intrathecally or intravenously
Also known as: MTX, HDMTX
given orally
Also known as: 6-MP, Purinethol(R)
given intrathecally or intravenously
Also known as: Ara-C, Cytosar-U(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: Novantrone(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: VM-26, Vumon(R)
given intravenously
Also known as: Velban(R)
undergo allogeneic natural killer cell infusion
Also known as: NK cell infusion
correlative studies
given intrathecally
Also known as: Cortef
undergo allogeneic HSCT
Also known as: HSCT
The mechanism of action of the CliniMACS Cell Selection System is based on magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). The CliniMACS device is a powerful tool for the isolation of many cell types from heterogeneous cell mixtures, (e.g. apheresis products). These can then be separated in a magnetic field using an immunomagnetic label specific for the cell type of interest, such as CD3+ human T cells.
Also known as: Cell Selection System
3-year Overall Survival Rate of Patients With Relapsed ALL
Estimate the 3-year survival rate of participants with first relapse or primary refractory precursor B-cell ALL treated with risk-directed therapy.
Time frame: 3 years of follow-up since the on-study date
3-year Event-free Survival Rates in Patients With Relapsed ALL
Estimate the 3-year event-free survival rate of participants with first relapse or primary refractory precursor B-cell ALL treated with risk-directed therapy.
Time frame: 3 years of follow-up since the on-study date
Proportion of Participants With Positive Minimal Residual Disease
To determine minimal residual disease (MRD) levels at the end of remission induction therapy for participants with relapsed precursor B-cell ALL and compare the results with those in protocol ALLR17 (NCT00186875).
Time frame: At end of induction (approximately 3 months)
Mean of CD20 Expression Levels
To estimate mean levels of CD20 expression at baseline, during treatment with dexamethasone-containing chemotherapy and following rituximab treatment in Block I of remission induction therapy for relapsed precursor B-cell ALL.
Time frame: Baseline and at the end of Block I (approximately 5 weeks after the on-study date)
Median CD20 Expression Levels
To estimate median levels of CD20 expression at baseline, during treatment with dexamethasone-containing chemotherapy and following rituximab treatment in Block I of remission induction therapy for relapsed precursor B-cell ALL.
Time frame: Baseline and at the end of Block I (approximately 5 weeks after the on-study date)
Eighty (80) participants were enrolled on study. Forty-two (42) participants for the outcome measures and thirty-eight (38) donors who are not included in the analysis.
| Milestone | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 18 | 24 |
| Completed | 7 | 7 |
| Not completed | 11 | 17 |
| Withdrew: Lost to follow-up | 1 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Physician decision | 7 | 12 |
| Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject | 0 | 2 |
| Withdrew: Failed to achieve complete remission after induction block iii | 0 | 2 |
| Withdrew: Relapse | 2 | 1 |
| Withdrew: Unacceptable toxicity | 1 | 0 |
Estimate the 3-year survival rate of participants with first relapse or primary refractory precursor B-cell ALL treated with risk-directed therapy.
| percentage of participants | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | All Patients Enrolled on the Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-year Overall Survival Rate of Patients With Relapsed ALL | 94.4 (66.6 to 99.2) | 55.5 (33.0 to 73.2) | 72.63 (55.95 to 83.85) |
Estimate the 3-year event-free survival rate of participants with first relapse or primary refractory precursor B-cell ALL treated with risk-directed therapy.
| percentage of participants | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | All Patients Enrolled on the Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3-year Event-free Survival Rates in Patients With Relapsed ALL | 83.3 (56.8 to 94.3) | 55.7 (33.2 to 73.4) | 67.83 (51.04 to 79.9) |
To determine minimal residual disease (MRD) levels at the end of remission induction therapy for participants with relapsed precursor B-cell ALL and compare the results with those in protocol ALLR17 (NCT00186875).
| Participants | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | ALLR18 | ALLR17 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRD end-induction: Negative | 14 | 6 | 20 | 22 |
| MRD end-induction: Positive | 0 | 4 | 4 | 10 |
To estimate mean levels of CD20 expression at baseline, during treatment with dexamethasone-containing chemotherapy and following rituximab treatment in Block I of remission induction therapy for relapsed precursor B-cell ALL.
| percentage of CD20 Antigen | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | All Patients Enrolled on the Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| At Baseline | 31.10 ± 9.82 | 39.82 ± 7.9 | 36.23 ± 6.11 |
| At Block I | 18.54 ± 4.93 | 20.10 ± 3.44 | 19.43 ± 2.85 |
To estimate median levels of CD20 expression at baseline, during treatment with dexamethasone-containing chemotherapy and following rituximab treatment in Block I of remission induction therapy for relapsed precursor B-cell ALL.
| percentage of CD20 Antigen | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | All Patients Enrolled on the Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| At Baseline | 16.40 (3.30 to 36.8) | 23.13 (8.75 to 67.25) | 22.0 (4.30 to 61.20) |
| At Block 1 | 11.83 (1.50 to 22.15) | 19.58 (2.6 to 30.67) | 15.58 (1.50 to 30.13) |
Collected over Through one month after therapy completion, approximately 22 months. If participant proceeds to transplant, until the first day of conditioning therapy.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| STANDARD RISK | 3/18 (16.7%) | 1/18 (5.6%) | 18/18 (100%) |
| HIGH RISK | 10/24 (41.7%) | 0/24 (0%) | 23/24 (95.8%) |
| All Patients Enrolled on the Study | 13/42 (31%) | 1/42 (2.4%) | 41/42 (97.6%) |
| Event | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | All Patients Enrolled on the Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aspartate aminotransferase increasedInvestigations | 1/18 | 0/24 | 1/42 |
| Event | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | All Patients Enrolled on the Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| HyperglycemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 18/18 | 22/24 | 40/42 |
| Alanine aminotransferase increasedInvestigations | 18/18 | 21/24 | 39/42 |
| HypoalbuminemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 17/18 | 23/24 | 40/42 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase increasedInvestigations | 17/18 | 21/24 | 38/42 |
| HypocalcemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 17/18 | 17/24 | 34/42 |
| Febrile neutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 16/18 | 19/24 | 35/42 |
| HypokalemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 15/18 | 20/24 | 35/42 |
| HypophosphatemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 15/18 | 20/24 | 35/42 |
| NauseaGastrointestinal disorders | 15/18 | 19/24 | 34/42 |
| HyponatremiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 15/18 | 18/24 | 33/42 |
All participants enrolled on study.
| Age, Customized(Participants) | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 to 9 years | 6 | 16 | 22 |
| >=10 years | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 7 | 5 | 12 |
| Male | 11 | 19 | 30 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized(Participants) | STANDARD RISK | HIGH RISK | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| White | 13 | 17 | 30 |
| Other | 3 | 4 | 7 |
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