CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT01341938LASHUpdated Aug 4, 2021

Nicotine Lozenges and Assisted Self-help for Smokeless Tobacco Cessation

An interventional study of Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & self-help materials and Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & phone counseling & self-help materials in Smokeless Tobacco Cessation, sponsored by Oregon Research Institute. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-08-04.

Sponsored by Oregon Research Institute · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
1,067
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This research study will determine if using a combination of 4-mg nicotine lozenges, self-help materials, and/or telephone tobacco cessation counseling will help smokeless tobacco users stop using tobacco. The study will consist of three interventions:

  1. The Lozenge Assisted Self-help intervention - lozenge nicotine replacement therapy, phone counseling, and self help materials
  2. Assisted Self-Help intervention - self-help materials and phone counseling without lozenges
  3. Lozenge Self Help intervention - self help materials and lozenge nicotine replacement therapy.

Hypothesis: The Lozenge Assisted Self-help intervention will significantly increase both the prolonged and point prevalence for all tobacco and smokeless tobacco (ST) abstinence rates at 6 months among ST users who are interested in achieving tobacco abstinence, compared to those in the Assisted Self-Help intervention and the Lozenge Self Help intervention.

Read the detailed description

The overarching aim of this line of research is to develop effective ST interventions that can be disseminated. In order to accomplish our aims, the investigators will enroll 1011 ST users in a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

The primary aims and hypotheses to be tested in this study are the following:

  1. To evaluate the effectiveness of a ST intervention combining the nicotine lozenge and assisted self-help (LASH) for increasing both prolonged and point prevalence all tobacco and ST abstinence rates at 6 months follow-up compared to an assisted self-help intervention (ASH)among ST users who are interested in achieving tobacco abstinence.

    Hypothesis: The LASH intervention - adding the lozenge as nicotine replacement therapy(NRT)- will significantly increase both the prolonged and point prevalence all tobacco and ST abstinence rates compared to the ASH intervention at 6 months among ST users who are interested in achieving tobacco abstinence.

  2. To evaluate the effectiveness of a ST intervention combining the nicotine lozenge and assisted self-help (LASH) for increasing both prolonged and point prevalence all tobacco and ST abstinence rates at 6 months follow-up compared to a lozenge plus self-help intervention (LSH group: no telephone counseling) among ST users who are interested in achieving tobacco abstinence.

Hypothesis: The LASH intervention will significantly increase the point prevalence abstinence rates of all tobacco and ST at 6 months compared to the LSH intervention among ST users who are interested in achieving tobacco abstinence.

Secondary aims to be tested in this study:

  1. To evaluate the incremental cost-per-quit of adding the nicotine lozenge to an assisted self-help intervention (or of adding an assisted self-help intervention to a nicotine lozenge intervention)for increasing tobacco abstinence rates.
  2. To evaluate changes in self-efficacy and other theoretically-relevant measures related to the use of the nicotine lozenge as potential mediators of tobacco abstinence.

The investigators will also examine an exploratory aim:

  1. The primary outcome for the exploratory aim is to compare the rate of nicotine metabolism with ST abstinence. Prior research with cigarette smokers shows that the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) [i.e., ratio of trans-3'-hydroxycotinine to cotinine) is a predictor of smoking cessation success in particular that "faster metabolizers" treated with NRT or placebo had lower quit rates compared to "slower metabolizers". The exploratory aim will test this association with Smokeless Tobacco users. The number of lozenges used is a data point to help inform this evaluation.
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Conditions studied

  • Smokeless Tobacco Cessation

Keywords

  • Smokeless Tobacco Use
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Oregon Research Institute is the lead sponsor of 70 studies on the registry; 5 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • 18 years old or over
  • Currently using smokeless tobacco products as primary tobacco product
  • Use smokeless tobacco for the last 6 months
  • Currently want to quit
  • Able to read and write English; and
  • Willing to share phone number, e-mail, and mailing address with the research project
  • complete informed consent process

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • have used behavioral or pharmacologic tobacco treatment in last 30 days
  • medical history of unstable angina, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, cardiac dysrhythmia other than medication-controlled atrial fibrillation or PSVT or medically treated or untreated hypertension with BP ≥ 180 systolic OR ≥ 100 diastolic
  • have phenylketonuria (PKU)
  • have another member of their household already participating in this study
  • currently pregnant or nursing
  • score of ≥ 15 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8)
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
1,067 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Lozenge Self Help: self help materials & lozenge NRT.

    Self-help materials + Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg)

    Drug: Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & self-help materials · Behavioral: Phone counseling & self-help materials

  • Experimental
    Lozenge Assisted Self-help: lozenge NRT, phone counseling, & self help materials

    Self-help materials + Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) + Phone counseling

    Drug: Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & self-help materials · Behavioral: Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & phone counseling & self-help materials · Behavioral: Phone counseling & self-help materials

  • Experimental
    Assisted Self-Help: self-help materials & phone counseling without lozenges

    Self-help materials + Phone counseling

    Behavioral: Commit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & phone counseling & self-help materials · Behavioral: Phone counseling & self-help materials

Interventions

  • DrugCommit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & self-help materials

    Participants provided with instructions on standard use of lozenge for nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) \& instructed to use the lozenge any time they have a craving or urge to use ST or tobacco. Dosing: weeks 1-6 one lozenge every 1-2 hours/16 per day, weeks 7-9 one lozenge every 2-4 hours/8 per day, weeks 10-12 one lozenge every 4-8 hours/4 per day + The "Enough Snuff" video and printed guide providing strategies for tobacco cessation.

    Also known as: Active Comparator, Lonzenge + self-help only

  • BehavioralCommit® nicotine lozenges (4 mg) & phone counseling & self-help materials

    Three phone counseling sessions to assist in cessation from use of all tobacco + lozenge nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) + The "Enough Snuff" video and printed guide providing strategies for tobacco cessation.

    Also known as: lonzenge + phone + self-help

  • BehavioralPhone counseling & self-help materials

    Three phone counseling sessions to assist in cessation from use of all tobacco + The "Enough Snuff" video and printed guide providing strategies for tobacco cessation.

    Also known as: phone + self-help only

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Prolonged All Tobacco Abstinence

    The primary outcome measure will be self-reported prolonged abstinence from all tobacco use at 3- and 6-month follow-up.

    Time frame: 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Saliva Test for Bio-chemical Verification of Tobacco Abstinence

    To verify self-report of prolonged abstinence, saliva will be collected once at 6 months. A salivary cotinine of \< 15 ng/mL will be adjudicated as prolonged tobacco abstinence.

    Time frame: 6 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Oregon Research Insititute
    Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Ebbert JO, Severson HH, Danaher BG, Benowitz NL, Schroeder DR. Nicotine Metabolite Ratio Is Associated With Lozenge Use But Not Quitting in Smokeless Tobacco Users. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 Mar;18(3):366-70. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv102. Epub 2015 May 14. PubMed 25977408 ↗
  • Severson HH, Danaher BG, Ebbert JO, van Meter N, Lichtenstein E, Widdop C, Crowley R, Akers L, Seeley JR. Randomized trial of nicotine lozenges and phone counseling for smokeless tobacco cessation. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Mar;17(3):309-15. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu145. Epub 2014 Aug 28. PubMed 25168034 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 4, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01341938
Lead sponsor
Oregon Research Institute
Collaborators
National Cancer Institute (NCI), Mayo Clinic
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Apr 26, 2011
Start date
Jul 2011
Primary completion
Nov 2012
Completion
Nov 2012
Last update
Aug 4, 2021

Study contacts

Herbert H Severson, PhD
principal investigator · Oregon Research Institute

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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