An observational study in Drug Abuse, sponsored by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 50 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-04-05.
Sponsored by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) · Observational
Background:
Objectives:
Eligibility:
-Individuals between 18 and 45 years of age who are regular cocaine users but otherwise healthy, or healthy individuals who are not cocaine users.
Design:
Objective: Environmental cues frequently induce expectancies in the course of normal daily life. When an individual smells and sees the coffee before tasting it, an expectancy of the coming experience is formed that influences the actual experience of consuming the coffee. Similarly, when an addicted individual experiences cues associated with imminent drug taking, an expectancy of the coming experience is also formed. This protocol will examine neural responses to cues predictive of a stimulus (neutral or rewarding) and to the subsequent receipt of the predicted stimulus.
Study Population: Study participants will include 18-50 year old, male and non-pregnant female otherwise healthy cocaine dependent individuals and control individuals who have a history of some stimulant use but no history of abuse or dependence on any other drug other than nicotine.
Design: The study will employ fMRI to elucidate the neural underpinnings of reward processing. The rewarding stimuli to be studied will be taste stimuli (small squirt of juice or chocolate) and a drug stimulus (intravenous methylphenidate (IV MPH)). For taste stimuli, cues will vary in sensory modality (visual vs. olfactory) and in novelty (well-known vs. novel). Novel and well-known cue stimuli will be included on each experimental day so the development of expectancy can be studied as the cue-taste pairing is learned and compared to the well-known cue-taste pairing. The MPH/saline injections will receive a written cue.
Outcome Measures: BOLD fMRI signal to reward stimuli will be compared in the various cuing conditions.
2,124 studies on the registry are indexed under Substance-Related Disorders; 393 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 48 is below the median of 250 across 296 observational studies indexed under Substance-Related Disorders.
Browse Substance-Related Disorders studies →National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) is the lead sponsor of 388 studies on the registry; 19 are open to participants now.
Of its 12 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 5 (42%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
ALL PARTICIPANTS MUST:
Be between the ages of 18-50.
Be in good health.
Be right-handed.
Like the flavors of cherry Kool-Aid and Hershey's chocolate sauce.
COCAIN DEPENDENT PARTICIPANTS MUST:
Demonstrate that they area cocaine dependent.
Be users of crack cocaine, free base cocaine or intravenous cocaine.
Fe free of dependence on other substances except nicotine.
Be free of abuse of other substances besides marijuana or alcohol.
CONTROL PARTICIPANTS MUST:
Be free of current or past DSM-IVTR substance use disorder except nicotine dependence or past substance abuse diagnosed iwth the single criterion of recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
Participants will be excluded if they:
Are not suitable to undergo an fMRI experiment due to pregnancy, implanted metallic devices (cardiac pacemaker or neurostimulator, some artificial joints, metal pins, surgical clips or other implanted metal parts), body morphology or claustrophobia.
Have cardiovascular disease, including but not limited to clinically significant arrhythmia, coronary artery disease and hypertension.
Have coagulopathies, history of or current superficial or deep vein thrombosis, musculoskeletal abnormalities restricting an individual's ability to lie flat for extended periods of time.
Have HIV or syphilis.
Have any neurological illnesses to include, but not limited to, seizure disorders, frequent migraine, multiple sclerosis, movement disorders, or history of head traume, CVA, CNS tumor
Have an abnormality on screening MRI scans that would place the participant at increased risk from blood pressure elevations related to protocol procedures (methylphenidate injections) or would impair the quality of data gathered on the participant.
Have other major medical illnesses likely to interfere with study results or safety of an individual during participation.
Have any current major psychiatric disorders to include, but not limited to, mood, anxiety, psychotic disorders, or substance-induced disorders.
Regularly use any prescription, over-the-counter or herbal medication that may alter CNS function, cardiovascular function or neuronal-vascular coupling.
Are actively seeking or engaged in substance abuse treatment.
Are lactating.
Are cognitively impaired or learning disabled.
To compare the response to rewards (drug and non-drug related) in cocaine dependent and non- dependent individuals and study the effect of expectation on reward-related (both drug and non-drug induced) subjective responses and neuronal activity.
To compare visual and olfactory cues as they relate to receipt of a non-drug reward. Olfactory cues follow a more direct path into the limbic system and thus, may alter reward system functioning differently than do visual cues.
This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)