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CompletedNCT01006187Updated Jul 19, 2011

Comparison of Different Methods for Reducing Pain From Influenza Vaccine Injections

A Phase 3 interventional study of Liposomal lidocaine and Vapocoolant spray in Pain and Anxiety, sponsored by The Hospital for Sick Children. Completed at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 80 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2011-07-19.

Sponsored by The Hospital for Sick Children · Phase 3, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
352
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 80 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to compare four different analgesic strategies in adults undergoing routine influenza immunization

Read the detailed description

In this study, we will compare relative effectiveness of 4 analgesic strategies (i.e., topical local anesthetics, vapocoolant spray, tactile stimulation and distraction) in adults undergoing routine immunization in order to provide further evidence of the effectiveness of each intervention and to determine if one method is superior to another. We are not including a 'no treatment' group because we do not wish to subject participants to unnecessary pain when there are available analgesic treatments. Moreover, in the presence of a 'no treatment' group, we cannot rule out a placebo effect for all treatment groups unless we provide a matched placebo for each intervention, which is not feasible. In future studies, we plan to address the added benefit of combining analgesic interventions (i.e., evaluating the effect of a multimodal approach).

02

Conditions studied

  • Pain
  • Anxiety

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Keywords

  • Analgesics
  • Influenza
  • Vapocoolant
  • vaccination
  • pain
03

In context

Influenza, Human

2,214 studies on the registry are indexed under Influenza, Human; 163 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 352 is above the median of 238 across 1,853 interventional studies indexed under Influenza, Human.

Browse Influenza, Human studies →

Lead sponsor

The Hospital for Sick Children is the lead sponsor of 568 studies on the registry; 81 are open to participants now.

Of its 7 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 0 (0%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 80 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • Healthy adults aged >18 years of age undergoing voluntary immunization with influenza virus vaccine

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pre-medication with any of the analgesic interventions in this study,
  • Chronic pain syndromes/conditions
  • Receiving systemic analgesics and sedatives
  • Abnormal circulation (e.g., Raynaud's phenomenon)
  • Allergy/hypersensitivity to amide local anesthetics
  • Allergy to influenza virus vaccine or constituents
  • Prior participation in the trial
  • Inability to understand the VAS
  • If suspected to be pregnant, pregnant or breastfeeding (due to possible treatment with liposomal lidocaine).
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Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
352 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Group 1

    1 liposomal lidocaine 4% cream .

    Drug: Liposomal lidocaine

  • Active comparator
    Group 2

    Vapocoolant spray

    Drug: Vapocoolant spray

  • Active comparator
    Group 3

    Rubbing adjacent to the injection site

    Other: Rubbing adjacent to the injection site

  • Active comparator
    Group 4

    Distraction by means of self-selected reading material or internet

    Other: Distraction

Interventions

  • DrugLiposomal lidocaine

    4% cream; approximately one gram applied to injection site under an occlusive dressing for 20 minutes prior to injection

    Also known as: Maxilene™

  • DrugVapocoolant spray

    medium stream spray on arm for 4-10 seconds prior to injection

    Also known as: PainEase™

  • OtherRubbing adjacent to the injection site

    rubbing adjacent to the injection site before and during injection

  • OtherDistraction

    By means of self-selected reading material or video

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Pain from adult intramuscular influenza virus injection

    Time frame: 1 day

Secondary outcomes

  1. Adverse Events

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Anxiety

    Time frame: 1 hour

07

Study locations

1 site
  • The Hospital for Sick Children
    Toronto, Ontario, Canada
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Taddio A, Lord A, Hogan ME, Kikuta A, Yiu A, Darra E, Bruinse B, Keogh T, Stephens D. A randomized controlled trial of analgesia during vaccination in adults. Vaccine. 2010 Jul 19;28(32):5365-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.015. Epub 2010 May 16. PubMed 20483194 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 19, 2011, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01006187
Lead sponsor
The Hospital for Sick Children
First posted
Nov 1, 2009
Start date
Oct 2009
Primary completion
Nov 2009
Completion
Nov 2009
Last update
Jul 19, 2011

Study contacts

Anna Taddio, PhD
principal investigator · The Hospital for Sick Children

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jul 2011. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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